Alzheimer in Brazil, epidemiology of the last 5 years

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent neurodegenerative pathology associated with age, being progressive, insidious and irreversible, whose cognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations result in an eventual disability. Thus, the interest in evaluating the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations in Brazil, according to age and sex in the period of 5 years. Methods: Ecological and descriptive study. The data collection for this study was based on results obtained through the Health Information (TABNET) and the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH / SUS) in the period from 2016 to 2020. Results: In the period of 5 years, 7,431 admissions for Alzheimer’s were registered, with the highest prevalence in the Southeast, with 4,192 cases (56.41% of total admissions), followed by the South, with 1,727 cases (23.24%). The least incident region was in the North, with 199 cases. There was a predominance of females, with 4,842 cases (65.15%). The most affected age group was between 80 and over, with 4,398 cases, followed by between 70 and 79, with 2,117. From 2016 to 2020, there was a decrease of 19.25% in the number of hospitalizations, however it had a progressive increase until 2019, being the most incident year. Conclusion: The profile was given by a female figure over 80 years old, from the Southeast. As for the progressive increase until 2019, it is necessary to implement measures and policies guiding and welcoming these patients and their families, promoting a better quality of life for the affected population.

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Epidemiological profile of registered meningitis cases by notification region in Brazil in the period of 2015-2020

10.5327/1516-3180.357 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Hora Gomes de Sá ◽

Anna Carolina Moreira Silva Souza ◽

Catharine Conceição Martinez Garcia ◽

Liz Lustoza Brandão ◽

Ricardo Britto Peixoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Problem ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Mixed Race ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Viral Meningitis ◽

Age Group ◽

The North ◽

Preventive Actions ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Background: Meningitis is a brazilian public health problem due to annual outbreaks¹. Meningitis morbimortality rate is still relevant and the epidemiological description contributes to preventive actions¹,². Objectives: Describe the epidemiological profile of meningitis cases reported by region in Brazil between 2015-2020. Design and setting: A retrospective descriptive study of meningitis cases. The data were obtained from Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Methods: Information on age, sex, race, etiology, serogroup and case evolution were collected. Results: Between 2015-2020, 87,189 cases of meningitis were reported, among which 58.9% were male. The majority of cases occurred in the Southeast (53.8%). The white race stood out in the South and Southeast, and the mixed race in the North, Northeast and Midwest. The 20-29 age group was the most prevalent, with the exception of the Southeast, where the predominance was 1-4-year-olds. Viral meningitis was the most frequent (47.2%), except in the Midwest, where non-primary meningitis (31.1%) was the main agent. Serotype C (57.8%) was the most prevalent across all regions. Hospital discharge was the main evolution (77.5%), especially in South (79.6%) and Southeast (77.5%). However, the highest death rate occurred in the North (14,6%) and Midwest (12.2%). Conclusions: Male and young people are more affected by meningitis. Despite a higher incidence in the Southeast region, the North has a higher proportion of deaths, revealing a public health problem.

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Prevalence of oral habits in children

Revista Brasileira de Odontologia ◽

10.18363/rbo.v74n4.p.272 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 272

Author(s):

Pedro Diniz Rebouças Rebouças ◽

Levy Sombra de Oliveira ◽

Henrique Matos Costa Lima ◽

Lorena Walesca Macedo Rodrigues ◽

Regina Glaucia Lucena Aguiar Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Study ◽

First Year ◽

Age Group ◽

Absolute Frequency ◽

Chi Square ◽

Oral Habits ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Objective: this quantitative descriptive study aimed to evaluate the presence of deleterious oral habits and associated factors in children attending the Amadeu Barros Leal day care in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Material and Methods: the sample consisted of 75 children (51% of girls) aged 0 to 5 years. Data were collected through the application of a structured questionnaire to the parents or guardians and analyzed statistically with Fisher’s exact or Chi-square test, considering a 95% confidence interval. The results were expressed as absolute frequency and percentage. Results: 89% of the children participating in the study were breastfed, and 43.5% of them were breastfed at least until the first year of age. As much as 19% of the children slept with their mouths open and 39% used a pacifier, 56.7% of which used it constantly during the day and at night. About 91% of children used a feeding bottle, and most of bottles (79%) did not have an orthodontic nipple. In addition, 60% of children aged 24-36 months had the deleterious habit of grinding their teeth. Conclusion: in the present study, we investigated children from 0 to 5 years old and observed that this age group is predisposed to deleterious oral habits. In this way, more studies that trace a safe epidemiological profile aiming to reduce these harmful habits are extremely necessary.

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Analysis of the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations for Epilepsy in Brazilian regions between 2015 and 2019

10.5327/1516-3180.290 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Davi Santos Cruz ◽

Gabriella Ribeiro de Almeida ◽

Sávio Miranda Vidal ◽

Maria Clara Passos Melo ◽

Mirela de Souza Santa Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Planning ◽

Female Gender ◽

World Population ◽

Age Group ◽

Southeast Region ◽

The North ◽

The World ◽

Using Data ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Group Sex

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease with the highest incidence in the world, affecting 1.3% of the Brazilian inhabitants. On average, 10% of the world population can be affected by an epileptic seizure. Thus, knowledge of the epidemiology of hospitalizations for epilepsy enables better health planning. Objective: To analyze epidemiology of hospitalizations in Brazil’s regions in 2015-2019. Methods: It is an observational and retrospective study of the descriptive epidemiological profile, using data from the Hospital Information System (SIH/ DATASUS). Variables: year, region, age group, sex and color/race. Results: There were 263,881 hospitalizations from 2015 to 2019 in Brazil. The Southeast region has the highest hospitalization rates between 2015 and 2019, reaching 42.32% of the cases, while the North region has the smallest, adding 5.5% (n = 14,530). In the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations prevails: the male gender, with 57.65% (n = 152,134), surpassing in 36.14% the female gender, with 111,747; the age group of 1-4 years (n = 45,702), exceeding in 378,9% the age group greater than or equal to 80 years (n = 9,543); the brown race, with 36% (n = 94,091), followed by white (34.4%), black (3.8%), yellow (1.2%) and indigenous (0.14%). Conclusion:There was a higher prevalence of hospitalizations for male epilepsy, aged 1-4 years, brown race and in the Southeast region. Therefore, through this study, resolutive actions can be taken in the face of such problems.

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Prevalence of Partial Edentulism in Patients Visiting a University Dental Hospital

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3517 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽

pp. 1786-1790

Author(s):

Subashri A ◽

Dhanraj Ganapathy

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Spss Software ◽

Missing Tooth

Oral health status of a population depends on edentulism (partial). Tooth loss has an impact in various aspects of quality of life of an individual. The prevalence and extent have been reduced in various countries because of advancing technologies. Various different classifications have been proposed in the previous literature for partial edentulism. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from the period of June 2019 to April 2020 between the age group 25-40 years for the population visiting a private dental college. Data collection was done and statistically analyzed using SPSS Software. Out of the 4829 population included in the study, 42.4 % were female and 57.6% of the males. Based on the age, 50.3% were within 25-30years, 25.1% of them were 31-35 years and 24.6% of them between 36-40 years. Based on gender, Females were 42.3% and males were 57.6%. There was a significant association between the age, gender and missing tooth. It can be concluded that the prevalence of edentulism increases with age, thereby needing prosthodontic rehabilitation.

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Epidemiological profile of childhood deaths caused by intercurrences of epilepsy in Brazil between 2010 and 2019

10.5327/1516-3180.036 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Laura Fogaça Pasa ◽

Bianca Brinques da Silva ◽

Stephan Kunz ◽

Rafaela Boff ◽

Antonio Pacheco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Progressive Increase ◽

First Year ◽

Publicly Funded ◽

Death Rates ◽

Infant Deaths ◽

The North ◽

Neurologic Disorders ◽

Epilepsy Diagnosis ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

First Year Of Life

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders among children, with a higher incidence in the first year of life. An accurate epilepsy diagnosis is essential for a proper treatment. Objectives: To assess the rates of childhood deaths from epilepsy in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive documentary study based on data from 2010 to 2019 in Brazil. Methods: Evaluating data provided by DATASUS, the information department of Brazil’s publicly funded health care system (SUS). Results: 238 infant deaths due to epilepsy were documented in Brazil during the studied period. The Southeast region had the highest rates, representing 31.51% of the total deaths, followed by the Northeast region, 29.83%, the South region, 18.91%, and the North region, 11.34%. Considering the population in each region, the North had the highest relative rates, followed by the Midwest, Northeast, South and Southeast regions. In the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 the highest death rates were documented, a total of 93 (39.08%). Regarding gender, boys had more deaths, 142 (59.66%) and girls 96 (40.34%). The most affected color / race was white, 133 deaths (55.88%), followed by brown, 79 (33.19%). Blacks and Indians registered the lowest rates, 2.52% each. Conclusion: A predominance of infant deaths due to epilepsy is noticed in the North, which points to the need for greater investment in health in this region, since there was a progressive increase in mortality. It was also found that the male gender and white color are risk factors for complications of the disease.

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Epidemiological overview of hospitalization for multiple sclerosis in Brazil from 2015 to 2019

10.5327/1516-3180.598 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Clara Leite Aragão ◽

Giovanna Souza Filardi ◽

Katharina Andrade de Brito ◽

Felipe Fróes Batista Ribeiro ◽

Giovana Aquino de Moraes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Information System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Women Of Color ◽

Demyelinating Disease ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Ethics Committee ◽

Age Group ◽

The World ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune and progressive pathology, is it the primary demyelinating disease of the nervous system and the most frequent in the world. Therefore, becomes relevant set the epidemiological profile of MS in Brazil aiming to understand hospitalization dynamics and evolution of disease. Objective and Methods: To analyze epidemiological profile hospitalization for MS in Brazil, from 2015 to 2019. An epidemiological, retrospective, descriptive study was realized through the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS/ DATASUS), from 2015 to 2019. Categories used: sex, color/race and age group. It is not required appreciation by the Research Ethics Committee for using publics information, without identifying the participants. Results: In Brazil, from 2015 to 2019, 18.536 hospitalizations happened for MS, having growth from 2015 (n=2.083) to 2018 (n=4.755), with a decrease in 2019 (n=4.021). Southeast had higher percentual (66,98%, n=12.416), South (13,95%, n=2.585), Midwest (10,65%, n=1.965), Northeast (6,42%, n=1.190) and North (2%, n=370). The most of hospitalization it is in the age of 20 to 49 years (75%, n=13.892), with prevalence in females (69,8%, n=12.941), over males (30,2%, n=5.595) and proportion 2,31W:1M. White color is majority (53,7%, n=9.951), grayish-brown (24,8%, n=4.597) and indigenous people (0.005%, n=1). Conclusion: It was realized prevalence of hospitalization in women, of color white, age between 20-49 years, from Southeast. It urgent the importance of investigation, forward diagnostic and treatment of that pathology in country, to try decrease to the maximum injury affected population.

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Anthropometric and clinical profiles of post-bariatric patients submitted to procedures in plastic surgery

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões ◽

10.1590/0100-6991e-20181613 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

SIMONE CORRÊA ROSA ◽

JEFFERSON LESSA SOARES DE MACEDO ◽

LUIZ AUGUSTO CASULARI ◽

LUCAS RIBEIRO CANEDO ◽

JOÃO VITOR ALMEIDA MARQUES

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Complications ◽

Plastic Surgery ◽

Analytical Study ◽

The North ◽

Bariatric Patients ◽

Clinical Profiles ◽

The Mean ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Mean Time

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the profile of patients submitted to post-bariatric plastic surgery at the North Wing Regional Hospital, Brasília, DF. Methods: we conducted a prospective, descriptive and analytical study of patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastroplasty, and subsequently to plastic surgery, from January 2011 to December 2016. We assessed body mass index before gastroplasty and after surgery plastic surgery, postoperative complications and comorbidities. Results: we studied 139 patients (130 women and nine men), with a mean age of 41 years, who underwent 233 operations. The mean BMI at the time of plastic surgery was 27.44kg/m2. The mean weight loss was 47.02kg and the mean maximum BMI was 45.17kg/m2. The mean time between bariatric surgery and plastic surgery was 42 months. The most important co-morbidities before plastic surgery were arterial hypertension (11.5%), arthropathy (5.4%), diabetes mellitus (5%) and metabolic syndrome (4.3%) (p<0.01). Of the 139 patients operated on, 76.97% underwent abdominoplasty followed by mammoplasty (42.46%), rhytidoplasty (17.27%) and brachioplasty (13.67%). Fourteen (13.08%) patients underwent herniorrhaphy combined with abdominoplasty. We performed anchor abdominoplasty in 19.42%. The rate of postoperative complications was 26.65%. Conclusion: the epidemiological profile of post-bariatric patients who underwent plastic surgery was similar to that reported in the literature, except for the low rate of associated surgeries and postoperative complications. Plastic surgery in post-bariatric patients has led to an improvement in the quality of life in most of these patients.

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Epidemiological profile of confirmed meningitis cases reported in the state of Ceará from 2014 to 2018

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i9.8235 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e885998235

Author(s):

Evaldo Hipólito de Oliveira ◽

Andreson Félix da Cruz ◽

Carla Graziela da Silva ◽

Nayra Barbosa Alves ◽

Maria do Socorro Viana do Nascimento

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

The State ◽

Age Group ◽

Pia Mater ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

State Capital ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

The Brain

Meningitis is an inflammatory process that affects the brain membranes (pia mater and arachnoid), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Such a process can be caused by viruses and bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará, reported from 2014 to 2018. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study that outlined a quantitative and descriptive study on cases of meningitis in the state of Ceará. Ceará, retrospectively, from 2014 to 2018. Data from the Department of Informatics of SUS, DATASUS, were used. Of the 1710 reported cases of meningitis, the highest prevalence was in the 20-39 age group and the 40-59 age group, 32.0% and 20.6%, respectively. Males account for 62% of confirmations. 1398 occur in the state capital, Fortaleza, being of majority expression. The diagnostic test with the highest number of confirmations is the chemocytological test.

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Epidemiological Profile of Patients of Aged 65 Years and Over in a University Private Hospital

Case Reports in Oncology ◽

10.1159/000496812 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 113-118

Author(s):

Emilio Conde-Flores ◽

Rita Dorantes-Heredia ◽

Daniel Motola-Kuba ◽

Hiram Josué Grimaldo-Roque ◽

Julio Eduardo Martínez-Sámano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Private Hospital ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Disease Diagnosis ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Common Type ◽

Age Group ◽

American Population ◽

Patient Diagnosis ◽

Epidemiological Profile

Objectives: An increase in life expectancy is predicted for the general population and, by 2050, about one billion people will be older than 65 years. The Global Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence database estimates that 1.2 million people of this age will have cancer; this number represents 58% of new cases in the American population. This represents a challenge for diagnosis and treatment, given that some older people have multiple comorbidities and disabilities. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of 204 patients aged 65 years and over. All had a solid tumor that was diagnosed in a private hospital from January 2015 to December 2017. Results: The median age was 72.2 years; the most frequent age group (48.5% of patients) was 65–75 years, and only a small percentage (4.4%) were aged > 85 years. The most common type of cancer was lung cancer (22.5%), followed by colorectal and urinary cancer. Most patients received cancer treatment after the disease diagnosis. Conclusion: There are no epidemiological studies of the older oncology population in Mexico. We believe it is necessary to perform larger studies to understand this population and to undertake actions to facilitate greater attention to patient diagnosis, treatment, and alleviation.

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Epidemiological profile of lung cancer in a Nepalese population: A single-institution review.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e13087 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e13087-e13087

Author(s):

Madan Kumar Piya

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Age Groups ◽

Left Lung ◽

Age Group ◽

The North ◽

High Incidence ◽

History Of ◽

Epidemiological Profile

e13087 Background: Lung cancer is one of the common cancers worldwide, and is the commonest cancer in Nepal, with an incidence of 16%. There is a high incidence of smoking in Nepal, being highest in the mountain region in the north and lowest in the tarai region in the south. Smoking kills around 15,000 people per year. The prevalence of smoking in the urban population of Kathmandu over the age of 15 has been estimated at 64.6% in men and 14.2% in women. Nepal has diverse population with various ethnicities and different cultures. The aim of this study was to determine the relation of smoking, epidemiology of lung cancer and distribution of lung cancer in various ethnicities of Nepal. Methods: All patients attending National Hospital and Cancer Research Center in Kathmandu who were diagnosed with lung cancer between January 2012 and December 2018 were enrolled in the study. Informed consent was taken before enrollment and data was collected by the nursing staffs prospectively using a preset questionnaire for interviewing patients. Results: Data was collected from 250 patients over the seven years with histologically proven lung cancer. About 85.6 % of patients were male and 80% of them were smokers. 50% of men and 30 % of the women were smokers. Most common age to start smoking was in 11-20 years group (60%). 58% of patients were from Kathmandu valley, and 42% of patients from outside the valley. 38% of male were literate and 16% were illiterate where as 13.6% of female were literate and 32.4% were illiterate. Among the various ethnic groups, 44% were Newars, 20% Mongols, 18% in Chhetris and 18% Brahmins. The incidence of lung cancer was highest (57.6%) in the age 61-80 years age group. 14.4% of the patients had family history of cancer M = 8.6% and F = 6.0%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the highest (51.2%) followed by small cell carcinoma (22%) and adenocarcinoma (26.8%). Carcinoma of right lung was frequent (62%) compared to the left lung (38%). Local cigarette were used by 82.5% of the smokers and 54.5% of them used filtered cigarettes. 40% practiced relighting the butt ends. Conclusions: The study shows that smoking is a single major contributing factor observed in lung cancer in Nepal across various age groups as well as diverse ethnic groups. Given the high incidence of smoking starting before the age of 20, there is an urgent need for organized mass anti-smoking campaigns, especially in schools targeting the younger age group. Need of awareness against the smoking and the cause of lung cancer needs to emphasized to reduce the burden of the lung cancer.

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