Effects of Garcinia Cambogia on the Weights of Normal Albino Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2956-2957
Author(s):  
Gul Afshan ◽  
Ponum Mirani ◽  
Imtiaz Aslam ◽  
Sobia Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Garcinia Cambogia ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Smart Drugs ◽  
Group I ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim: Effects of available weight reducing drugs on the weights of a normal albino mice. Methodology: In this study, total 39 adult albino mice were used and were divided in three groups containing 13 animals in each. Group I served as control and was given 1 ml of distilled water once a day for 8 weeks. Group II and Group III served as experimental group and mice in these groups were given 0.5 mg of Slim Smart and Ultra Slim Plus drugs dissolved in 1 ml of distilled water respectively once a day for 8 weeks. To support these results weights of kidneys were also measured and relative tissue width index was calculated and compared with control group. Results: The weight of the animals increased in the experimental groups as compared to the control group. The overall difference for final weight among three groups was highly significant with p-value <0.01. When final weight compared group wise, the experimental groups had significantly higher weight as compared to control with p-values <0.01and 0.028 Conclusion: Both Ultra Slim Plus and Slim Smart drugs cause weight to increase in the individuals who are not obese and have BMI in normal range Keywords: Weight loss, Garcinia Cambodia, kidney, Albino mice

scholarly journals Effect of Fiber Rich Product on Childhood Obesity and Lipid Profile Aged 10-12 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
A. Jyoth ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Diet Survey ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Green Peas

The effect of fiber rich product on child hood obesity studied with 60 sample which were collected randomly among 10-12 years and categorized into 2 groups i.e, experimental group and control group. Experimental group further categorized into three groups i.e, supplementation with exercise (n=15), only supplementation group (n=15), only exercise group (n=15) and control group consists of (n=15).Anthropometric, and diet survey conducted as parameters. A fiber rich product was prepared and supplemented for 2 months to the selected subjects and it consists of whole Bengal gram, whole green gram, green peas, barley and jaggery. Positive results were obtained in three experimental groups. Significant decrease observed inweight, and BMI, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL, VLDL significant increase observed in HDL in group I II and III. The results were (51.60-48.26kg, 24.7-23.1, 195.2-152.3 mg/dl, 168.2-145.0 mg/dl, 52.2-54.13 mg/dl, 109.4- 69.4mg/dl, 33.6-28.7mg/dl) in group I, In group II the results are (50.3-49.86kg, 23.7-23.4, 168.6-161.0mg/dl, 145.4-129.6mg/dl, 44.2-45.2 mg/dl, 95.3-90.0mg/dl, 29.1-28.3mg/dl).In group III the tesults aere (50.7-49.6kg, 24.5-23.9, 143.2-139.3mg/dl, 139-134.5mg/dl, 38.2-38.7mg/dl 76.8-74.1 mg/dl, 25.6-28.1mg/dl) .From the results it was clear that when compared to group II and III group I has shown better results.

Interaction of Spatial Perception, Vestibular Function, and Exercise in Young School Age Boys with Learning Disabilities

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy N. Byl ◽  
Frederick M. Byl ◽  
Joseph H. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Perceptual Skills ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vestibulo Ocular Reflex ◽  
Experimental Group

Form rotation, figure directionality, and figure-ground discrimination were evaluated before and after 10 days of vestibular or aerobic exercises for 30 boys (7 to 12 yr.) who showed problems in learning, reading, and inattention. Eight subjects had normal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) responses as determined by caloric and rotational testing. They were assigned to a vestibular program (Control Group I). The 22 subjects with abnormal VOR test responses were randomly assigned to either aerobic exercises (Experimental Group II) or a vestibular program (Experimental Group III). Spatial perceptual test scores varied widely, with the majority performing below age-expected norms but no significant differences on vestibular status appeared. Postexercise, only subjects completing the vestibular program made significant gains: Experimental Group III (abnormal VOR) made significant gains in accuracy and normal test responses compared to the other groups, and Control Group I made significantly greater gains in speed of spatial perceptual processing. For boys with problems in learning, reading, inattention, and vestibular function, a vestibular exercise program complementing a traditional or special educational program may enhance the spatial perceptual skills needed for reading.

Effect of vitamin E on reproductive function in the mice treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin*

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Xu ◽  
YP Yin ◽  
XQ Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Experimental Group

The study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin E on reproductive performance in mice treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The 75 female and 40 male mice were randomly assigned into five groups. The levels of both TCDD and vitamin E given by gavage were 0 and 0 (Control group), 100 and 0 (experimental group I), 100 and 20 (experimental group II), 100 and 100 (experimental group III), and 100 ng/kg/day and 500 mg/kg/day (experimental group IV), respectively. Males and females were mixed to mate at the ratio of 1:2 after 4-week experiment. The gavage treatments were continued until the end of gestation in female mice after mating. The results showed that the litter number, survival rate, and body weight at birth of offspring in experimental group I had significantly decreased, and the females’ pregnancy rate and pup sex ratio in experimental group I had the decreasing tendencies when compared with the control group. The litter number in experimental group III, survival rate in experimental group II and III, body weight at birth in experimental group III and IV exhibited significant increase compared with experimental group I. The female pregnancy rate in both experimental group III and IV recovered to 100%, but there were no significant differences when compared with experimental group I. The pups’ sex ratio had a gradually increasing tendency with increase of vitamin E level, but there was no significant difference among experimental group I–IV. The results suggest that TCDD could induce reproductive toxicity in mice, whereas vitamin E alleviated adverse effects on reproductive performance in mice caused by TCDD.

scholarly journals The Effect of Individual and Group Jump Rope Games on Physical Fittnes and Motivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-652
Author(s):  
Moch. Yusroni ◽  
Abdul Rachman Syam T ◽  
Amrozi Khamidi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Jump Rope ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Collection Methods

This study aims to examine the effect of indifdual jump rope games and grouop jump rope on physical fitness and student motivation on futsal extracurricular students in MTs NU Berbek Waru Sidoarjo . This Study uses a quantitative approach to quasy expereriment research and the design ued is matching only design. The subjects of this study were 33 students who will be pretested to determine the  division of groups. 11 students as the experimental group I were given the treatment of jump rope games individually and thefollowing 11 students as the experimental group II were reated as a group of jump rope games and the remeaning 11 studentswere made as a control group. Data collection methods in this study used two research instruments, namely the TKJI test to measure physical fitness scores and the motivation levels. Data werw analyzed with descriptive statistics using the SPSS 22.0 program. Based on the data obtained it can be concluded that there was a more significant increase in the two experimental groups compared to the control group. Physical fitness in all three groups experienced an increase, nmely by 6 % in group I, 9% in gropu II and 2 % in group III. Student motivation has increased by 3% while in group III student motivation has descread by 1%. The result of the study have proven that individual jump rope games and jump rope games in groups can improve the level of physicl fitness and motivation of students in following futsal extracurricular

scholarly journals Effect of Sofosbuvir Administration and Its Withdrawal on the Submandibular Salivary Gland of Adult Male Albino Rats: A Histological and Ultra-Structural Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 4101-4109
Author(s):  
Asmaa Mahmoud Abdeen ◽  
Tarik Essawy ◽  
Saher Sayed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Gland ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Histological Results

BACKGROUND: Sofosbuvir (SOF) was published in 2013 as a part of first-line treatments for hepatitis C virus (HCV); it has activity against all genotypes with extrahepatic adverse effects have recently arisen. AIM: Investigating sofosbuvir-induced alterations in the rat submandibular salivary gland (SMSG). METHODS: A group of 80 adult albino rats weighing about ± 150 gm were used in the experiment. The rats were divided into 3 groups: Group I (control group) received distilled water, Group II (experimental group) divided into 2 subgroups and received SOF 40 mg/kg/day dissolved in distilled water for 1 and 3 months and Group III (recovery group) allowed for 1 month of recovery after SOF withdrawal. All animals were sacrificed; the SMSG was dissected, and specimens were examined histologically and ultra-structurally. RESULTS: Compared to Group I, Group II subgroup (1) showed acinar and ductal vacuolisation, discontinuity of the epithelial lining associated with retained secretion and congested blood vessels. These changes were found to be exaggerated in the subgroup (2) accompanied by acinar and ductal shrinkage, interstitial oedema, haemorrhage, chronic inflammatory cells infiltration and loss of gland compactness. Amelioration of the histological changes was detected in Group III after SOF withdrawal. The ultrastructural examination confirmed the histological results. CONCLUSION: SOF had induced apparent alterations in the structure and ultrastructure of SMSG. The SOF-induced alterations were time-dependent, attributed mainly to mitochondrial toxicity and partially ameliorated by its withdrawal.  

scholarly journals Effect of Wild Chamomile Extracts on the Complex of Economic Benefits of Rabbit Meat

2019 ◽  
pp. 643-651
Author(s):  
Roman Voroshilin ◽  
Sergey Rassolov ◽  
Elena Ul'rih ◽  
Marina Kurbanova
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Rabbit Meat ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Wild Chamomile

Introduction. Nutrition has a great effect on the quality of life and longevity. Modern food industry pays much attention to the issue of obtaining high-quality and safe livestock products grown without feed antibiotics. The research objective was to study the effect of chamomile extract on a complex of economically useful traits of young rabbits and the qualitative characteristics of meat, as well as to determine the optimal dosage of chamomile extract. Study objects and methods. The experimental research was carried out on the animal farm of the Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy in 2018. Five experimental groups and one control group of young Californian rabbits were formed according to the principle of analogue pairs. Each group included 10 rabbits. From 70-day age, the animals of the experimental group I were supplemented with a phytobiotic feed additive based on wild chamomile extract at a dose of 0.5 g per rabbit per day. In experimental group II, each rabbit received 1 g per day; in experimental group III, it was 1.5 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group IV – 2.0 g per rabbit per day; in experimental group V – 2.5 g per head per day. The experiment lasted 30 days. Results and discussion. The best result was achieved in experimental group II. In the experimental groups, the rabbits demonstrated an increase in hemoglobin. The use of phytobiotic feed additives in the diet did not cause any pathological changes in internal organs. The average live weight at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, was higher: experimental group I – by 0.82%, experimental group II – by 6.96%, experimental group III – by 5.01%, experimental group IV – by 3.73%, experimental group V – by 2.80% (P ˃ 0.01). An analysis of the chemical composition of rabbit meat after the experiment showed that the water content in the rabbit meat ranged from 76 to 77%, which suggests high water-holding properties. The high dietary qualities of the rabbit meat depended on the content of protein (20–22 wt%) and the low fat content (5–7%). These data make it possible to promote rabbit meat for dietary products. Conclusion. According to the slaughter indicators and the phytobiotic feed additives parameters of meat, the optimal dose of phytobiotic feed additives is 1 g per head per day.

Effect of Visual Experience on Spatial Learning of Rats

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Visual information acquired through observation plays a pivotal role in learning a movement pattern and motor control. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effect of visual deprivation on learning in rats. Methods: The study sample consisted of 12 male rats, divided into three groups. Group I consisted of four rats and was considered the control group. Transection of the two optic nerves was performed on rats of group II on the seventh day after birth and group III on the seventh week after birth to develop the early blind and late blind models, respectively. A T-shaped maze device was utilized to evaluate the learning behavior of rats. Rats of groups II and III were blinded by the optic nerve surgery. In total, 20 trials per day were conducted for nine consecutive days, in which the time and number of correct arm entries were recorded. The ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to analyze the results in SPSS software (version 16.0). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference between the three groups regarding the number of correct arm entries on days one, three, and seven (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the three groups regarding how long it took them to enter the target box on days two and three (P<0.05). Group III had a lower number of entries to the target box and it took them a significantly longer time to enter the target box, compared to the other groups. Conclusion: According to the results, visual deprivation may affect the learning of rats during the early days; however, their learning levels increased over the following days. Moreover, the early blinded rats had a higher level of learning than the lately blinded adult rats and the same level of learning as that of the sighted adult rats.

scholarly journals Congenital skeletal malformations induced by lambda-cyhalothrin, dibenzalacetone and heptanone derivatives in embryos of albino mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1.3) ◽  
pp. 7912-7927
Author(s):  
El Sayed Aly Mohammed Metwally ◽  
◽  
Mohammed Abdel Fattah Desheesh ◽  
Doaa Mohammed Abd El-kawy Elmasry ◽  
Mahmoud Morshedy Farg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orogastric Tube ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Skeletal Malformations ◽  
Group I ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

Background: Insecticides such as lambda-cyhalothrin(LCT), dibenzalacetone (DBA) and heptanone HD are teratogenic substances. Skeleton is one of the organs sensitive to teratogens during the period of organogenesis. Material and methods:This study was conducted on fifty adult female albino mice, divided randomly into four groups: Group I (control group, n= 5 received corn oil orally in adose of 10 mg /kg body weight), group II (LCT group, n=10 received LCT (nano 8%)10, 20 mg /kg body weight for each subgroup), group III (DBA group, n=20, received DBA (main) 10, 20 mg /kg body weight and DBA (nano 8%)) 10,20mg /kg body weight for each subgroup) and group IV (HD group, n=15, received HD (main) 10 mg /kg body weight and HD (nano 8%)) 10,50mg /kg body weight for each subgroup),The calculated treatment dissolved in 1 ml of corn oil by orogastric tube was given to the pregnant mice during the first week of pregnancy (1st, 3rd and 5th day).The delivered live and dead pups were examined externally, then double stained and prepared for skeletal examination by dissecting microscope. Results: All experimental groups showed various anomalies that can be categorized as the following: 1) presence of dead pups and resorption sites 2) macroscopic anomalies in the form of anencephaly, extended forelimb, cranioshisis, macroglossia, lowset ears, lage eye bulge, half body, amelia, internal rotation of forelimb and encephalocele. 3) skeletal anomalies by double staining of fetal skeleton showed incomplete ossification of nasal and interparietal bones, open arch of atlas, incomplete ossification of vertebrae, supernumerary ribs, wavy ribs, incomplete ossification of ribs and sternebrae, incomplete ossification of sternum, incomplete ossification of 5th metacarpal and terminal phalangal bones and incomplete ossification of tarsal , and phalangal bones. Conclusion: Lambda-cyhalothrin, dibenzalacetone and derivatives of heptanone result in numbers of congenital gross and skeletal abnormalities that indicate their teratogenic effect. KEY WORDS: Lambada, Congenital, Skeletal, Dibenzalacetone, Heptanone, Teratogenic.

scholarly journals A PILOT STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTED INTERVENTIONS ON PAIN PERCEPTION AND PARENTAL SATISFACTION AMONG INFANTS RECEIVING IMMUNIZATIONS AT PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRE, CHENNAI.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Semmalar. R ◽  
Jain Vanitha. N. S ◽  
Fabiola M. Dhanraj ◽  
Anitha Rajendra Babu ◽  
Susila Susila
Keyword(s):  
Pain Perception ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Parental Satisfaction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

An experimental post test only control design was used to assess the effectiveness of selected interventions on pain perception and parental satisfaction among infants receiving immunizations at Public Health Centre, Chennai. Using simple random sampling method, the total of 40 infants were allocated in four groups where each group had 10 infants. The interventions provided are oral sucrose for Experimental group I, 4 S’s technique for experimental group II, oral sucrose with 4 S’s technique for Experimental group III and routine care for Control group. The data collection tool consists of demographic profile, modified riley pain scale and parental satisfaction likert scale were used to collect data. The result of the study revealed that mean pain perception of experimental group III (3.21) was less than the experimental group I (4.08), experimental group II (3.40) and control group (4.22). There was no statistical difference between experimental group II and experimental group III at the level of 0.693 and also between experimental group I and control group at the level of 1.000 when other groups had statistically significant difference in pain perception. In mean parental satisfaction, the experimental group III (43.20) had high parental satisfaction than the experimental group I (39.80), experimental group II (41.90) and control group (38.60).Hence the pilot study concluded that 4S’s technique was the effective intervention for infant immunizations.

Bone Formation Effect of HA/β-TCP Composite Powders in Rabbit Calvarial Bone Defects: Histologic Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 1331-1334
Author(s):  
Hyun Seon Jang ◽  
Kwang Ho Lee ◽  
Moon Jin Jeong ◽  
Joo Cheol Park ◽  
Heung Joong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Osseous Defects ◽  
Experimental Group

This study evaluated the histology results of surgically created bone cavities in the calvaria of rabbits that were subsequently filled with a HA/ß-TCP composite powder developed in Korea (Dentium, Korea). Ten young adult rabbits were used. Four defects were surgically produced in the calvaria of each rabbit. These defects were classified into 4 groups: the control group, no graft materials; experimental group I, normal saline + graft materials; experimental group II, venous blood + graft materials; and experimental group III, graft materials only. The defects were randomly filled with the graft materials. The rabbits were sacrificed with at 1-, 2-, 4-, 6- and 8- weeks after surgery. The histology specimens were prepared using the general method with H & E staining at a 6 ㎛ thickness. Histologically, the degree of new bone formation was similar in all experimental groups. However, for experimental group II, many cells had gathered around the graft materials 1-week after surgery, and new bone formed slightly faster and than in the other groups. No bone formation was observed in the control group. Based on histology findings, the new HA/ß- TCP composite powders appeared to act as a scaffolding material for the regeneration of osseous defects.

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