scholarly journals A KEY ELEMENT IN ENSURING THE CONTINUITY OF THE MILITARY CENTERS ACTIVITIES, UNDER THE CONSTANT PRESSURE OF CONTAMINATION WITH THE SARS-COV-2 VIRUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Ionel COTOARBĂ
Keyword(s):  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Military

In the event of a pandemic, the priorities for any commander must be focused on protecting their own personnel, maintaining combat capability and carrying out the missions. The personnel protection measures are implemented in a unitary and gradual conception depending on the pandemic evolution in the area of responsibility. The appearance of increasingly contagious viruses and the promotion of their rapid spread globally through the diversity and complexity of land, air and naval transport, forces us to reconsider our position on the following issues: training and recruitment of staff; making stocks; adaptation of protection measures, in particular of personnel; optimization of operating procedures based on clearly defined principles.   Keywords: military centers; planning; personnel protection; protection measures; circuits; risk areas.  

scholarly journals Twitter reveals human mobility dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Huang ◽  
Zhenlong Li ◽  
Yuqin Jiang ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Dwayne Porter
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
State Scale

The current COVID-19 pandemic raises concerns worldwide, leading to serious health, economic, and social challenges. The rapid spread of the virus at a global scale highlights the need for a more harmonized, less privacy-concerning, easily accessible approach to monitoring the human mobility that has proven to be associated with viral transmission. In this study, we analyzed over 580 million tweets worldwide to see how global collaborative efforts in reducing human mobility are reflected from the user-generated information at the global, country, and U.S. state scale. Considering the multifaceted nature of mobility, we propose two types of distance: the single-day distance and the cross-day distance. To quantify the responsiveness in certain geographic regions, we further propose a mobility-based responsive index (MRI) that captures the overall degree of mobility changes within a time window. The results suggest that mobility patterns obtained from Twitter data are amenable to quantitatively reflect the mobility dynamics. Globally, the proposed two distances had greatly deviated from their baselines after March 11, 2020, when WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. The considerably less periodicity after the declaration suggests that the protection measures have obviously affected people’s travel routines. The country scale comparisons reveal the discrepancies in responsiveness, evidenced by the contrasting mobility patterns in different epidemic phases. We find that the triggers of mobility changes correspond well with the national announcements of mitigation measures, proving that Twitter-based mobility implies the effectiveness of those measures. In the U.S., the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on mobility is distinct. However, the impacts vary substantially among states.

scholarly journals Guidance on Design and Construction of the Built Environment Against Wildland Urban Interface Fire Hazard: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1853-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Intini ◽  
Enrico Ronchi ◽  
Steven Gwynne ◽  
Noureddine Bénichou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wildland Urban Interface ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires, a worldwide problem, are gaining more importance over time due to climate change and increased urbanization in WUI areas. Some jurisdictions have provided standards, codes and guidelines, which may greatly help planning, prevention and protection against wildfires. This work presents a wide systematic review of standards, codes and guidelines for the design and construction of the built environment against WUI fire hazard from North American, European, Oceanic countries, alongside with trans-national codes. The main information reviewed includes: the definition of WUI hazards, risk areas and related severity classes, the influence of land and environmental factors, the requirements for building materials, constructions, utilities, fire protection measures and road access. Some common threads among the documents reviewed have been highlighted. They include similar attempts at: (a) defining WUI risk areas and severity classes, (b) considering land factors including the defensible space (also known as ignition zones), (c) prescribing requirements for buildings and access. The main gaps highlighted in the existing standards/guidelines include lacks of detailed and widespread requirements for resources, fire protection measures, and lacks of taking into account environmental factors in detail. The main design and construction principles contained in the reviewed documents are largely based on previous research and/or good practices. Hence, the main contributions of this paper consist in: (a) systematically disseminate these guidance concepts, (b) setting a potential basis for the development of standards/guidelines in other jurisdictions lacking dedicated WUI fire design guidance, (c) highlighting gaps in existing standards/guidelines to be addressed by current and future research.

scholarly journals High energy microwave weapon: Electromagnetic bomb

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-517
Author(s):  
Goran Banjac ◽  
Vladimir Đorđević ◽  
Miladin Živković ◽  
Abdellah Ferdjali
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Pulse ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Semiconductor Technology ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Specialized Institutions ◽  
5 Ghz ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Military ◽  
Physical Dimensions

Introduction/purpose: Technological progress has led to the actualization of the problem of construction and use of high-energy microwave weapons, especially electromagnetic bombs. However, in the recent military-professional literature, this issue is little represented. Methods: The available existing literature on the subject was analyzed. Results: It has been established that the general principles of functioning and theoretical bases have been widely available and known for many years. Numerous experiments in specialized institutions have confirmed the electromagnetic pulse effectiveness. This is especially true of sensitivity of devices based on semiconductor technology. Also, it is assumed that, at the current technological level, technical solutions are widely available to a large number of entities. The most common model of electromagnetic bomb dealt with in the literature is the realization of the use of a compression flux generator and an oscillator with a virtual cathode. According to the authors, this variant would ensure that the final product has realistic physical dimensions and sufficient strength to be useful. Another problem identified in the literature is the massive absence of adequate protection measures against the effects of electromagnetic pulses. This applies not only to the civilian but also to the military sector and imposes the need to invest significant resources in order to subsequently increase resilience. Conclusion: The available literature indicates that it is possible to make an electromagnetic bomb of acceptable physical dimensions and power. It is assumed that it would generate an electromagnetic pulse with a power of about 10 GW and a frequency of 5 GHz. In combination with high-precision weapons, even protected devices would be successfully disabled. The wide presence of semiconductor technology in all spheres of life makes this weapon extremely effective and it is realistic to expect its much wider application in the coming period.

scholarly journals Electronic Warfare in NAVWAR: Impact of Electronic Attacks on GNSS / GBAS Approach Service Types C and D Landing systems and their proposed Electronic Protection Measures (EPM)

Hadmérnök ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-255
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alhosban
Keyword(s):  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Electronic Warfare ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Protection Devices ◽  
Satellite Navigation Systems ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) applications -using different satellite signals in space- are currently and hugely subjected to Electronic Attacks (EAs) such as Jamming, Spoofing, and/or Meaconing. Many accidents were observed in the past decade, while huge dependency on GNSS applications in governmental and private critical infrastructure, in both civil and military aspects. The EAs could be expensive and high-power such as the military-grade jammers, which are an integral pillar of navigation warfare (NAVWAR) strategies. On the other hand, EAs could be cheap and low-power such as the so-called Personal Protection Devices (PPD), which they are widely available. Electronic Attacks, most critically observed by ICAO and FAA, are in Ground Based Augmentation System -(GNSS/GBAS) Landing systems, in which is riskier and more critical than other applications due to the sensitivity of the final landing phase of all flights. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the three different types of EA on the performance GNSS/GBAS landing system. On the other hand, to address and examine their latest proposed Electronic Protection Measures (EPM).

Short-term predictive analysis of corporate environmental and financial performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2248-2261
Author(s):  
Larisa S. KOROBEINIKOVA ◽  
Mariya V. TKACHEVA ◽  
Vyacheslav V. KOROTKIKH
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Predictive Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Risk Areas

Subject. The environmental concept has become one of the main objectives in the field of sustainable development of management system. Along with a corporation’s financial sustainability, environmental and social sustainability constitute the modern notion of an economic entity’s sustainable development. The successful development of a corporation is possible, if there is an equilibrium in all areas of economic entity’s operations. Objectives. This paper investigates the complex interactions of financial and environmental performance at the corporate level. The aim is to develop a methodological approach to predictive analysis of corporate environmental and financial performance, focused on short-term oriented management forecasts. Methods. The predictive analysis of environmental and financial processes suggests the use of a large number of performance indicators. A statistical model based on a matrix predictor combining econometric and multidimensional prediction methods became the basis of our methodological approach to predictive analysis. In the empiric section, we present a predictive analysis for the environmental and financial performance of AO Minudobreniya. Results. We developed a methodological approach to the predictive analysis of corporate environmental and financial performance to identify potential risk areas and further plan preventive measures to ensure the desired level of economic sustainability. Conclusions. The findings can be useful for solving a number of specific problems related to information, organizational and methodological support to both a sustainable performance predictive analysis and formation of relevant information for stakeholders about the level of effectiveness of environmental protection measures.

scholarly journals OPPORTUNITIES AND DRAWBACKS OF MOBILE FLOOD PROTECTION SYSTEMS

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baerbel Koppe ◽  
Birgitt Brinkmann
Keyword(s):  
Flood Protection ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Information Politics ◽  
Deployment Time ◽  
Time Required ◽  
High Level

Permanent flood protection systems like dykes and protection walls offer a high level of protection against flooding and need only little maintenance during flood events. Therefore, most high-risk areas are protected by permanent constructions. Problems arise in densely populated areas where no space for dykes is available and less space consuming flood protection walls would cut off traffic lines and obstruct view axes. In these cases, mobile flood protection measures may be a solution to fit both requirements: protection in case of flooding and open access to the floodplain over the remaining time. Furthermore, mobile protective systems can be used as emergency tool against flooding in unprotected low-lying areas and for heightening of permanent flood protection structures in extreme events. Planning criteria of mobile flood protection like types of application, early warning and deployment time, required personnel, structural failure mechanisms, financial aspects, and essential information politics are discussed in this paper. As the available constructions differ in material, construction, permanent facilities, available protection height, and safety level, a systematization of mobile flood protection systems as well as opportunities and drawbacks of the described constructions are given.

Guide to Venomous and Medically Important Invertebrates

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bowles ◽  
James Swaby ◽  
Harold Harlan
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Risk Areas

Though many are harmless and even beneficial, invertebrates are some of the world’s most feared and dangerous creatures. Guide to Venomous and Medically Important Invertebrates describes the health threats posed by invertebrate groups worldwide, from physical pain and annoyance to disease transmission risk. Featuring clear photographs, distribution maps and descriptions of biological, physical and behavioural characteristics of key groups, this book aids identification of potentially harmful invertebrates. It also summarises personal protection measures to reduce the risk of attack and disease, and provides guidance on treatment. This book will help to protect the health of travellers and serve as a reference for medical personnel working in high-risk areas, as well as those interested in entomology.

scholarly journals The Potential for an Impending Sea-Level Rise

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Global Mean Temperature ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Global Mean

Sea level rise has become one of the most discussed topics regarding climate change. In the past the sea level has been known to rise several meters during interglacial periods. The rapid spread of human populations and new technological innovations have led to an outpouring of carbon dioxide over the centuries causing the global mean temperature to rise by 0.8°C. This slight increase in temperature has raised sea level from thermal expansion of the ocean and is having a dramatic effect on the cryosphere. Retreating glaciers continue to contribute to the current rate of sea level rise but the potential for the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to melt from increasing global temperatures could raise the ocean by more than 1 m this century. Low-lying developing countries such as Bangladesh and Vietnam are the most vulnerable to a rise in sea level due to lack of infrastructure, high population densities, and geographic locations situated on a delta. In the developed world, Australia and Italy are at risk areas due to large populations found along the coast in both countries. If the rate of mass loss from glaciers and ice sheets continue a future sea level rise is imminent.

scholarly journals SPECIFICITY OF TOXICOLOGY TEACHING AT THE EDUCATIONAL MILITARY CENTER OF THE N.M. SECHENOV UNIVERSITY

2017 ◽  
pp. 2-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Kushnir ◽  
A. A. Timoshevskiy ◽  
V. M. Putilo
Keyword(s):  
Military Training ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Technologies ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Military ◽  
Educational Portal ◽  
Teaching Time ◽  
Military Physicians

The every-day and combat activities of military personnel are associated with exposure to hazardous chemicals. In this regard, a qualitative training in toxicology of military physicians is needed to make them ready to carry out medical protection measures for the personnel of the troops and the civil population from damaging effects of numerous factors of chemical nature, both in peacetime and in wartime. The study of military toxicology is an important part of military medical education in the military training center at the First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov. It is shown that the training system in toxicology that existed before 2014 did not allow a full-fledged mastering of educational material. In connection with this, a new curriculum was developed, including up-to-date information on military toxicology and medical protection, for which 108 academic hours are allocated in the military training center. The distribution of the toxicology issues teaching time by topics and types of training sessions is presented, characteristics of the main control options for the knowledge gained are shown. Training in toxicology is carried out using new educational technologies, including the educational portal, as well as modern tutorials and textbooks, including the textbook «Toxicology and Medical Protection» (2016). Graduates from the military training center effectively use the knowledge and skills gained in toxicology during their further practical activities in the troops.

scholarly journals Positivity of SARS-CoV-2, by RT-PCR among workers of a Public Hospital in the city of Santos, SP, Brazil 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Montani Caseiro ◽  
Monica Mazzurana ◽  
Bruno Barreiro ◽  
Estela Capelas Barbosa ◽  
Antônio Pires Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Administrative Area ◽  
Individual Protection ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACTBackgroundInfection with SARS-CoV-2, associated with severe respiratory symptoms, currently called COVID-19, represents one of the greatest health challenges of this century. Health professionals, as well as hospital workers, are the most vulnerable population for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 due to their greater proximity to sick patients, especially in specialized hospitals for the treatment of these patients.Study DesignWe ran a questionnaire by all the employees of a Public Service Hospital specialised in COVID-19 treatment (1307 employees), in the municipality of Santos, São Paulo, Brazil, who presented some symptoms compatible with COVID-19 and positive results by RT-PCR, in Oropharynx Swab collection. The questionnaire collected socio-demographic information, as well as data related to the work areas where they were divided into two groups: Employees at higher risk or those who directly deal with patients (914 employees or 69.9%) and lower risk for employees in the administrative area (393 employees or 30.1%).Results211 (16.1%) of the Hospital’s employees had to stop their work-related activities due to presenting positive RT-PCR. There were 39 (9.9%) positives in low risk areas and 172 (18.8%) positives in employees in high risk areas. Within the latter group, Nurses, Nursing Assistants and Doctors were the most frequently infected professionals. Regarding the symptoms of professionals positively diagnosed based on RT-PCR, the most frequent symptoms were body pain (83.4%); headache (80.6%); fever (57.8%) and dry cough (53.1%).ConclusionA high proportion of workers in COVID-19 specialized hospitals was infected by the virus, despite all the protective measures adopted, showing the high transmission capacity of this virus. Stricter individual protection measures among employees must be adopted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document