Disease Occurrence in Litopenaeus vannamei Shrimp Culture Systems in Different Geographical Regions of India

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gunalan ◽  
P. Soundarapandian ◽  
T. Anand ◽  
Anil S. Kotiya ◽  
Nina Tabitha Simon
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Geographical Regions

scholarly journals Kelimpahan Bakteri Vibrio sp. Pada Air Pembesaran Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) Sebagai Deteksi Dini Serangan Penyakit Vibriosis [The Abundance Of Vibrio sp. Bacteria On Enlargement Water Of Litopenaeus vannamei As The Early Detection Of Vibriosis]

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Adnan Kharisma, Abdul Manan
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Minimum Threshold ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Monitoring Activity

Abstract The abundance of bacteria is an activity that aims to determine the distribution and the abundance of bacteria in a water area, so an effort to control and prevent against these bacteria can be made to avoid it’s wide spread. The function of this monitoring activities is for an early detection of animal health conditions that is the white leg shrimp due to bacterial attack. Given the importance of health level in the cultivation of white leg shrimp, then the monitoring activity in bacterial abundance should be done because the number of bacteria found in aquatic environments shouldn’t exceed the minimum threshold number of bacteria that is 104 CFU/ml. The purpose of this study case is to know the abundance of Vibrio sp. on white leg shrimp water augmentation. Because the Vibrio sp. bacteria is known as the opportunistic pathogen of white leg shrimp, which can cause disease if the environmental conditions are bad. Working methods used is descriptive method of data collection techniques include primary and secondary data. The stage of the monitoring activity include: (1) Preparation phase which includes the preparation of equipment and materials and sterilization equipment and media. (2) Phase of making trisalt solvent and bacterial culture media. (3) Phase of retrieval and delivery the water samples. (4) Phase planting the water samples. (5) Phase counting the bacteria. (6) Interpretation the results of the calculation. Based on the results of monitoring the abundance of bacteria in white leg shrimp water augmentation activity, the conclusion is the abundance of Vibrio sp. on white leg shrimp water augmentation has exceeds the minimum threshold number of bacteria that is 104 CFU/ml, so the white leg shrimp culture is susceptible againts these Vibriosis disease.

Light and carbon sources addition alter microbial community in biofloc-based Litopenaeus vannamei culture systems

Aquaculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 515 ◽  
pp. 734572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Jiang ◽  
Wenjing Ren ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Shuanglin Dong ◽  
Xiangli Tian
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Culture Systems

scholarly journals EFFECT OF Avicennia sp. FRUIT EXTRACT IN PREVENTION OF THE SPREAD OF Vibrio parahaemolyticus BACTERIA IN VANAME SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei)

AQUASAINS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Fadhilah Amalia Fitri ◽  
Rara Diantari ◽  
Wardiyanto Wardiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Mean Time

Vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the main aquaculture commodities in Indonesia because it has high economic value. But in the aquaculture it is known that there are diseases that cause death in shrimp before harvest time. Vibriosis is a disease caused by the Vibrio parahaemolyticus, bacteria which often attacks shrimp culture. Population control of Vibrio sp. done by giving immunostimulants and vaccines, as well as giving feed plus antibiotics. However, continuous use of antibiotics and improper doses will cause bacteria to become resistant and cause residues in the tissues. This study aims to examine the effect of Avicennia sp. fruit extract in preventing the infection of Vibrio parahae-molyticus in vaname shrimp on a laboratory scale. This study used the experimental method Complete Random Design (CRD), which consisted of five treatments with different concentrations of Avi-cennia sp. fruit extracts and three replications of individuals in the population. The results showed that Avicenniasp. fruit extract Avicennia sp. able to influence the inhibition of the growth of Vibrio parahaemolitycus bacteria and prevent the occurrence of vibriosis disease . This can be seen by the value of Relative Percent Survival (RPS) which is limitited to 50%, can slow down the time of death of the shrimp seen from the Mean Time to Death (MTD), and followed by a high  Survival Rate (SR). The concentration that most affected the treatment was the concentration of 350 mg/l.Keywords: Avicennia sp extract, vaname shrimp, Vibrio parahaemolyticus

scholarly journals PENDUGAAN NUTRIENT BUDGET TAMBAK INTENSIF UDANG, Litopenaeus vannamei

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Rachmansyah Rachmansyah ◽  
Hidayat Suryanto Suwoyo ◽  
Muh. Chaidir Undu ◽  
Makmur Makmur
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Nutrient Budget ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Seed Supply ◽  
Total Input ◽  
Bottom Sampling ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nutrient budget tambak intensif udang Litopenaeus vannamei sebagai acuan alokasi input produksi pada tingkat kapasitas asimilasi lingkungan perairan. Pendugaan nutrient budget tambak udang intensif menggunakan pendekatan mass balance, dihitung berdasarkan input nutrien nitrogen - N dan fosfor – P yang berasal dari pakan, benih, pupuk, media probiotik, inflow, dan output nutrien yang ada pada produksi udang, outflow, dan endapan lumpur di dasar tambak. Sampel air, tanah, sedimen, plankton diambil sebelum penebaran dan setiap dua minggu selama pemeliharaan dari tiga petak tambak, masing-masing 5 titik sampel per petak tambak contoh. Analisis nitrogen dan fosfor dilakukan untuk sampel pakan, karkas udang awal dan akhir. Data managemen budi daya meliputi padat penebaran benur 50 ekor m-2, produksi 1.188—1.489 kg/0,25 ha, dan FCR 1,69—2,14; maka total input nutrien tambak udang Litopenaeus vannamei antara 171,9155—179,3778 (176 ± 3,9586) kgN dan 95,2533—99,4180(97,8340 ± 2,3348) kg P. Pakan mendominasi input N sebesar 61,96% ± 0,66%; disusul inflow 30,93% ± 0,70%; pupuk 6,52% ± 0,15%, serta media probiotik dan benur masing-masing <1%. Pola yang sama terjadi pada input phosphorous dengan komposisi 87,75% ± 0,24% dari pakan; 7,73% ± 0,19% pupuk; 4,05% ± 0,25% inflow dan media probiotik < 1%. Total output nitrogen tambak udang vannamei antara 107,1279-110,1438 (108,4957 ± 1,5274) kg N dan 51,6362—63,6576 (56,1292 ± 6,5604) kg P. Komposisi output nitrogen adalah outflow sebanyak 29,82% ± 3,20%; kemudian udang yang dipanen 21,32% ± 1,33%, lumpur atau sludge 10,40% ± 0,81%. Sedangkan komposisi output phosphorous didominasi oleh lumpur 39,03% ± 6,59%; kemudian udang yang dipanen 15,22% ± 0,85% dan outflow 3,09% ± 0,26%. Efisiensi pakan dan air melalui managemen budi daya yang benar menjadi peubah dominan penentu beban limbah tambak udang.This research was aimed to find out nutrient budget on L. vannamei intensive ponds as input allocation reference produce at environmental assimilation capacity level. Nutrient budget assessment was used mass balance approach, calculate based on nutrient input of nitrogen (N) and phosphor (P) from feed, seed, fertilizer, probiotic media, and inflow and nutrient output within pond yield, outflow, and sludge sedimentation at pond bottom. Sampling for water quality, sediment, and plankton was carried out at three ponds and five stations within each pond before stocking and continued fortnightly as long as culture periods. Nitrogen and phosphor analyzed for feed, and shrimp carcass of both of initial stocking and harvest. The data of culture management consist of shrimp yield reached 1,188—1,489 kg/0.25 ha with stocking density of 50 ind/m2 and FCR 1.69—2.14. Total input nutrients within L. vannamei ponds are 171.9155—179.3778 (176 ± 3.9586) kg N and 95.2533—99.4180 (97.8340 ± 2.3348) kg P. Food given domination on N input N with 61.96% ± 0.66% followed by inflow by 30.93% ± 0.70%, fertilizer 6.52% ± 0.15%, and both of probiotic media and seed supply less than1% respectively. There are the same pattern with phosphorous input with following composition 87.75% ± 0.24% from food, 7.73% ± 0.19% fertilizer, 4.05% ± 0.25% inflow and probiotic media less than 1%. Total output nitrogen from L vannamei ponds between 107.1279—110.1438 (108.4957 ± 1.5274) kg N and 51.6362—63.6576 (56.1292 ± 6.5604) kg P. Composition of nitrogen output is dominated by outflow 29.82% ± 3.20%, followed by shrimp harvest 21.32% ±1.33%, and sludge 10.40 ± 0.81%. Meanwhile, composition of phosphorous output dominated by sludge 39.03% ± 6.59%, shrimp harvest 15.22% ± 0.85% and outflow 3.09% ± 0.26%. Both food and water efficiency under good culture management are the mainfactors of waste load from shrimp culture ponds.

scholarly journals Budidaya Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) Semiintensif Dengan Metode Sirkulasi Tertutup Untuk Menghindari Serangan Virus [The Semiintensive Culture Of Litopenaeus vannamei By Closed Circulation Method To Prevent Virus Attack]

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Subyakto, Dede Sutende, Moh. Afandi, Sofiat
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Circulation Method ◽  
Closed Circulation ◽  
Virus Attack ◽  
Additional Water

AbstractThe failure of vannamei shrimp culture often caused by virus attack, i.e. WSSV, TSV and IMNV. So that it need an alternative method like closed circulation method and probiotic application. Closed circulation is culture method without water circulation where as an additional water will do to change loss water, caused by evaporation and culture waste water. This kinds of probiotic ar Bacillus subtilis, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Saccaromyces, Rhodobacter and Rhodococcus. The aim of these research are preventing virus attack through closed circulation method and probiotic 2 2application. These culture used two culture ponds (3000 m , density 60 species/m ) and two reservoir ponds 2(2000 m ) for 105 days. The first culture pond (A) produced 2895 kg of vannamei shrimp (size 60, SR 96.5 % and FCR 1.3). The second culture pond (B) produced 3025 kg of vannamei shrimp (size 58, SR 97.4 % and FCR 1.28).

scholarly journals Technique of Increasing Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) in White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Feed in Kasetsart University, Bangkok

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Elva Nurfaidah ◽  
Agustono Agustono
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Field Practice

White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture has grown rapidly in Indonesia since  early 2000s. White shrimp have stronger resistance to WSSDV attacks, and are euryhaline. In it’s natural habitat, this shrimp was found in waters with a range of 0.5-40 ppt salinity. White shrimp grow optimally at 15-25 ppt salinity, even still suitable at 5 ppt salinity. This capability provides the opportunities to culture these commodities in inland water. White shrimp need inorganic elements or minerals for their living processes. Calcium is one of the main needs of shrimp that is closely related to the development and maintenance of skeletal systems and plays a role in some physiological processes of the body.The requirement for calcium in shrimp is increasing when it is cultivated in fresh water.This Internship aims to find out the technique of adding calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in feed, used for the white shrimp culture in fresh water. In this field practice, the addition of calcium carbonate in a level of 2% refers to the requirement of white shrimp for optimal growth. This was based on the calcium requirements of shrimp in the amount of 1-2%. The method was repelleting, by grinding feed and calcium using mortar and pestle, then filtered to get the smoothest part. Then mix calcium with 10 mL of water and mix it with pellets evenly. Then the mixture is air dried and mashed again and weighed according to the required dose of feed. The addition of calcium in the feed affects the growth of shrimp, because calcium is one of the most important anorganic mineral for the growth and development of exoskeleton, regulates blood clotting, heart rate, kidneys, nerves, the activity of several enzymes, and cell function

scholarly journals KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM PENCERNAAN UDANG VANNAMEI (Litopenaeus vannamei) PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI PROBIOTIK BIOREMEDIASI-Bacillus sp. (THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES OF DIGESTIVE VANNAMEI SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) ON VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF BIOREMEDIATION-Bacillus sp. PROBIOTICS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Siti Aslamyah
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Survival And Growth

Probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp. dengan komposisi bakteri yang menguntungkan, serta bekerja secara sinergis pada lingkungan budidaya dan pada saluran cerna inang. Selain, dapat memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan juga dapat meningkatkan aktivitas enzim pencernaan udang. Pada akhirnya menyebabkan peningkatan pertumbuhan dan memperkecil resiko timbulnya penyakit  pada udang.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini menentukan konsentrasi optimum aplikasi probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp.  dalam media budidaya udang vannamei.  Penelitian didesain dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan konsentrasi probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp. yaitu kontrol (tanpa probiotik); 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 ppm per minggu, masing-masing dengan 3 ulangan.  Selama penelitian, udang uji dipelihara dalam akuarium kaca berkapasitas 30 L dengan kepadatan 4 ekor/L dan diberi pakan berbentuk powder dengan kadar protein 52% sebanyak 70-100% total biomassa.  Media air yang digunakan bersalinitas ± 30 ppt sebanyak 25 L.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi perbaikan kualitas lingkungan budidaya pada perlakuan aplikasi probiotik, terutama kadar amoniak lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol.  Kadar enzim pencernaan α-amilase dan protease juga meningkat signifikan dibandingkan kontrol.  Keadaan inilah yang menyebabkan sintasan dan pertumbuhan udang vannamei yang mendapat perlakuan pemberian probiotik lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol, sedangkan berbagai konsentrasi probiotik tidak menghasilkan respon perbedaan. Dapat disimpulkan aplikasi probiotik Bioremediasi-Bacillus sp. dengan konsentrasi 0,5 ppm per minggu dalam media budidaya dapat memperbaiki kualitas lingkungan budidaya dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan α-amilase dan protease, sehingga dapat meningkatkan sintasan dan pertumbuhan udang vannamei.Bioremediation-Bacillus sp. probiotics with the composition of the beneficial bacteria, as well as working synergistically on aquaculture and environment in the host gastrointestinal tract. In addition, it can improve the quality of the environment can also increase the activity of digestive enzymes shrimp. Ultimately lead to increased growth and minimize the risk of disease of shrimp. The purpose of this study to determine the optimum concentration of applications Bioremediation-Bacillus sp. probiotics vannamei shrimp culture in the media. The study was designed in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatment concentration of bioremediation-Bacillus sp. probiotics the control (without probiotic), 0.5; 1.0, 1.5 ppm per week, with three replications each. During the study, the test shrimp rearing  in glass aquaria with a capacity of 30 L with a density of 4 fish / L and fed the form of powder with 52% protein content as much as 70-100% of total biomass. Water medium used ± 30 ppt salinity  as much as 25 L. The results showed improvement of environmental quality cultivation occurs in the probiotic treatment applications, particularly ammonia levels lower than controls. Digestive enzyme levels of α-amylase and protease also increased significantly compared to controls. This condition which cause the vannamei shrimp survival and growth were receiving higher than controls of probiotic treatment, while various concentrations of probiotic did not produce differences in response. Application of Bioremediation-Bacillus sp.  probiotics can be concluded with a concentration of 0.5 ppm per week in culture media can improve the quality of the environment cultivation and the activity of digestive enzymes α-amylase and protease, thus increasing the survival and growth of vannamei shrimp

scholarly journals Characteristics of Ammonia Removal and Nitrifying Microbial Communities in a Hybrid Biofloc-RAS for Intensive Litopenaeus vannamei Culture: A Pilot-Scale Study

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3000
Author(s):  
Wujie Xu ◽  
Yu Xu ◽  
Haochang Su ◽  
Xiaojuan Hu ◽  
Keng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Shrimp Culture ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Total Ammonia ◽  
High Feed

Ammonia is the main pollution factor of the aquatic environment in marine shrimp culture systems. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the combination of biofloc technology and nitrifying biofilter for the ammonia removal, a 70-day production trial was conducted in a simplified pilot-scale hybrid biofloc-based recirculating aquaculture system (biofloc-RAS) with the intensive culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Nitrogen dynamics and nitrifying microbial communities were investigated in three replicated systems simultaneously under the conditions of high feed loading and zero water exchange. Along with biofloc development in the culture tank and biofilm formation in the nitrifying biofilter during the trial, nitrification could be fastly and effectively established in the system, which was indicated by the dynamics of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), NO2–-N, NO3–-N, and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations. Meanwhile, similar nitrifying microorganisms could be found between biofloc and biofilm, despite some differences in abundance, diversity, and composition of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. High TAN removal rate could be achieved and was significantly and positively correlated with abundances of these nitrifying microbial communities in both biofloc and biofilm, further indicating that both biofloc and biofilm could contribute highly to nitrification performance of the biofloc-RAS. The results of this study indicate a potential application of the biofloc-RAS in coastal intensive aquaculture.

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