scholarly journals OBTENÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS PRINCIPAIS PRODUTOS DO CAJU

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTÔNIO CALIXTO LIMA ◽  
NELSON HORACIO PEZOA GARCÍA ◽  
JANICE RIBEIRO LIMA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo a obtenção e caracterização de produtos derivados do caju. Para tanto, produtos da castanha-de-cajueiro comum e do pedúnculo de caju do clone CCP76 foram processados e submetidos a análises físicas e químicas. Mediante prensagem da amêndoa de castanha-de-caju obtevese a torta parcialmente desengordurada (36,41% de proteínas, 26,57% de lipídios totais e 7,86% de fibra digestiva total) e o óleo (82,74% de ácidos graxos insaturados, predominando o ácido oléico - 60,30% e o linoléico - 21,53%). Do pseudofruto do caju foi obtido o suco clarificado e concentrado a vácuo (teor de ácido ascórbico de 966,13 mg/100 g de suco) e a fibra de caju (61,21% de fibra digestiva total). Concluiu-se que os produtos originários do caju apresentam elevado potencial para a elaboração de diferentes produtos alimentícios em virtude da diversidade e riqueza na composição química da castanha e do seu pseudofruto. OBTENTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MAIN CASHEW PRODUCTS Abstract The objective of the present research was the obtention and the characterization of cashew derived products. For that, products of common cashew nut and from the peduncles of cashew from the clone CCP76 were processed and submitted to physical and chemical analysis. By pressing the cashew nut it was obtained a partially defatted meal (36.41% of proteins, 26.57% of lipids and 7.86% total dietary fiber) and the oil (82.74% of unsaturated fatty acids, predominantly oleic acid - 60.30% and the linoleic - 21.53%). From cashew fruit it was obtained a clarified and concentrated juice (ascorbic acid content of 966.13 mg/100 g of juice) and cashew fiber (61.21% of total dietary fiber). It was concluded that the products originated from cashew showed high potential for the elaboration of different food products by virtue of the diversity and richness of the cashew nut and fruit chemical composition.

scholarly journals EXTRACTION OF UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS FROM VEGETABLE OILS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Olive Oils ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The article studies the possibility of extraction of monounsaturated oleic acid from highly stable vegetable oils produced at industrial scale. To solve the set tasks, have been selected samples of vegetable oils, present in the domestic market with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids: cottonseed and sunflower, imported rapeseed and olive oils. These oil samples were degraded by hydrolysis, recovered by acid treatment, and purified by repeated recrystallization in ethanol. The composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids included in triglycerides of vegetable oils was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the obtained samples, the fatty acid composition and physical and chemical parameters were determined. Oleic acid technical grade obtained from sunflower oil contains 97.35 % fatty acids. The production of oleic acid technical grade will be primarily focused on the domestic market of Uzbekistan.

Extraction and characterization of oil of the pacu residue (Piaractus mesopotamicus) using ultrasonic technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Cesar Vinicius Toniciolli Rigueto ◽  
Thainá Stéphanie Martins de Freitas ◽  
Debora Silva da Rocha ◽  
Nivia Carolina de Oliveira Bevilaqua ◽  
Débora De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Piaractus Mesopotamicus ◽  
Ultrasonic Technology

The increase in demand for fish consumption leads to the generation of a greater amount of waste, and it is necessary to seek alternatives to reuse of this organic load. In this way, the objective of this research was to evaluate the extraction of oil from the pacu residue by ultrasonic energy. The oil extraction was evaluated using a wet and dry raw material at 70 °C, from a complete factorial planning 2², where the variables were sample solvent ratio and time. The oils obtained in all the extraction conditions were analyzed as a function of the acidity in oleic acid (%), and the oil obtained in the best condition was submitted to the fatty acid profile. In the extraction smaller times and larger proportions of solvent sample contributed to obtain higher yields in oil. The oils obtained had low acidity and a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, with a ratio of unsaturated and saturated and ω-6/ω-3 within the desired limits. In this way, ultrasound proved to be a useful tool for obtaining good quality pacu residue oil.

STORAGE TEMPERATURE AS A FACTOR OF FAT MIGRATION IN GLAZED SUGARY CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 78-80
Author(s):  
N. B. Kondratyev ◽  
Е. V. Kazantsev ◽  
O. S. Rudenko ◽  
N. А. Petrova ◽  
I. А. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Migration Rate ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Polymorphic Form ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Physical And Chemical Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The fat migration processes by changing the fatty acid composition of individual parts of glazed sweets with praline-type bodies (based on peanuts) during storage at different temperatures was studied. The main mechanism of mass transfer is considered to be the fat migration through the volume of products through the capillaries. The maximum migration rate of the liquid fat phase is at a storage temperature of 23-25 ° C in samples without transisomers of unsaturated fatty acids. Its reduction is possible with the introduction of 20-30% lauric acid into the fat fraction of products. The crystalline structure of the confectionery fats included in the candy fillings has a significant effect on the migration rate of the liquid fat phase into the glaze. The smallest one corresponded to fats in the β-polymorphic form with an admixture of no more than 3% crystals in the β'-polymorphic form. The specific rate of fat migration has been calculated taking into account the size of a glazed sweets model samples. When in storage temperature increases from 18 to 27 ˚С, it increased 1.7 times. The results of studies of changes in the composition of fatty acids of model samples individual parts of glazed sweets during storage at temperatures of 18 and 27 °C are presented. The proposed approach makes it possible to predict the fat migration processes rate. The comprehensive assessment methodology, which includes the determination of physical and chemical quality indicators during storage, the regularities of fat migration and microbiological changes, will justify the requirements for the technology parameters and the recipe composition of glazed sugary confectionery products with a given expiration date.

scholarly journals Inhibition of steroid 5α-reductase by specific aliphatic unsaturated fatty acids

1992 ◽  
Vol 285 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Liang ◽  
S Liao
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Binding Assay ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Undecylenic Acid ◽  
Gamma Linolenic Acid ◽  
Enzymic Assay

Human or rat microsomal 5 alpha-reductase activity, as measured by enzymic conversion of testosterone into 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone or by binding of a competitive inhibitor, [3H]17 beta-NN-diethulcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-aza-5 alpha-androstan-3-one ([3H]4-MA) to the reductase, is inhibited by low concentrations (less than 10 microM) of certain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The relative inhibitory potencies of unsaturated fatty acids are, in decreasing order: gamma-linolenic acid greater than cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid = cis-6,9,12,15-octatetraenoic acid = arachidonic acid = alpha-linolenic acid greater than linoleic acid greater than palmitoleic acid greater than oleic acid greater than myristoleic acid. Other unsaturated fatty acids such as undecylenic acid, erucic acid and nervonic acid, are inactive. The methyl esters and alcohol analogues of these compounds, glycerols, phospholipids, saturated fatty acids, retinoids and carotenes were inactive even at 0.2 mM. The results of the binding assay and the enzymic assay correlated well except for elaidic acid and linolelaidic acid, the trans isomers of oleic acid and linoleic acid respectively, which were much less active than their cis isomers in the binding assay but were as potent in the enzymic assay. gamma-Linolenic acid had no effect on the activities of two other rat liver microsomal enzymes: NADH:menadione reductase and glucuronosyl transferase. gamma-Linolenic acid, the most potent inhibitor tested, decreased the Vmax. and increased Km values of substrates, NADPH and testosterone, and promoted dissociation of [3H]4-MA from the microsomal reductase. gamma-Linolenic acid, but not the corresponding saturated fatty acid (stearic acid), inhibited the 5 alpha-reductase activity, but not the 17 beta-dehydrogenase activity, of human prostate cancer cells in culture. These results suggest that unsaturated fatty acids may play an important role in regulating androgen action in target cells.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and fatty acid profile of gabiroba seed (Campomanesisa Xanthocarpa Berg)

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marli da Silva Santos ◽  
Obdulio Gomes Miguel ◽  
Carmen Lúcia Oliveira Petkowicz ◽  
Lys Mary Bileski Cândido
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds

This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential and fatty acid profile of gabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg) seeds. In order to obtain the extract, the seeds were dried, crushed, and subjected to sequential extraction by maceration and percolation in a modified soxhlet extractor using solvent polarity gradient composed of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and alcohol, respectively. The extraction time was six hours. The ethanol extract showed the highest antioxidant potential, given by the EC50 value and the amount of total phenolic compounds. High amounts of unsaturated fatty acids were found in the oil studied, especially the oleic acid.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on the production and quality of oil in Jatropha curcas L. under the dry and warm climate conditions of Colombia

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Montenegro R. ◽  
Stanislav Magnitskiy ◽  
Martha C. Henao T.
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Oil Composition

This study was conducted to assess fruit and seed yield, oil content and oil composition of Jatropha curcas fertilized with different doses of nitrogen and potassium in Espinal (Tolima, Colombia). The yields ranged from 4,570 to 8,800 kg ha-1 of fruits and from 2,430 to 4,746 kg ha-1 of seeds. These yields showed that the fertilizer dose of 150 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1K increased fruit production by 92% and seed production by 95%, which represents an increase of about 100% in oil production, which increased from 947 to 1,900 kg ha-1. The total oil content in the seeds ranged from 38.7 to 40.1% (w/w) with a high content of the unsaturated fatty acids oleic (> 47%) and linoleic acid (> 29%). The highest content of oleic acid in the seed oil was from the unfertilized control plants and plants with an application of 100 kg ha-1 of N and 60 kg ha-1 of K, with an average of 48%. The lowest content of oleic acid was registered when a low dose of nitrogen and a high level of potassium were applied at a ratio of 1:2.4 and doses of 50 kg ha-1 N + 120 kg ha-1 K, respectively. Low contents of the saturated fatty acids palmitic (13.4%) and stearic (7.26%) were obtained, making this oil suitable for biodiesel production. The nitrogen was a more important nutrient for the production and quality of oil in J. curcas than potassium under the studied conditions of soil and climate.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical characteristics and fatty acids composition of seeds oil isolated from Camelina sativa (L) cultivated in Mongolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 80-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Chantsalnyam ◽  
Ch Otgonbayar ◽  
O Enkhtungalag ◽  
P Odonmajig
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Camelina sativa L is a cruciferous oilseed plant. This plant is cultivated as an oilseed crop mainly in Europe and in North America and over the past years the cultivation has arranged in our country. The analyzed oil is obtained from the seeds of Camelina sativa L, growing in Bornuur, Tuv province. The goal of this study was to determine the physical and chemical characteristics and fatty acids composition of Camelina sativa L seed oil cultivated in Mongolia. According to our analysis total lipid was determined 38.52 %, moisture 4.80 % and total mineral elements 4.02 %, respectively. Mineral elements in Camelina sativa L seeds contain calcium (0.56 %), phosphorous (1.22 %), potassium (1.39 %), magnesium (0.53 %) in dominated amounts; iron, zinc, manganese and copper in trace amounts. Eight nonessential amino acids in seeds of this plant with total amount of 75.9 % were identified; phenylalanine was detected in highest amount among the all identified amino acids, while lysine, tryptophan and arginine are followed. The following characteristics in Camelina sativa seeds oil were determined. The refractive index was 1.4774 at 20°C, the peroxide value of fresh oil was 0.03 meq H2O2 /kg, saponification value 185.8 mg KOH/g, iodine value 143.33 g J2 and acidic value 6.27 mg KOH /g. Carotenoid was determined as 16.77 mg %, by spectrometry in Camelina sativa seeds oil. The analysis of fatty acids composition showed that there are 12.5 % saturated and 87.5 % unsaturated fatty acids. In particular, oleic acid (C18:1) 14.0 %, linoleic acid (C18:2) 9.0 %, α-linolenic acid (C18:3) 10.5 % and gondoic acid (C20:1) 32.8 %, were composed the major part of unsaturated fatty acids. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v14i0.205 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 14 (40), 2013, p80-83

scholarly journals Chemical characterization of effective and ineffective strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae.

1999 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1009
Author(s):  
S F Izmailov ◽  
G Y Zhiznevskaya ◽  
L V Kosenko ◽  
G N Troitskaya ◽  
N N Kudryavtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Effective Strain ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Unsaturation Index ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Lower Molecular Mass

Chemical composition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from an effective (97) and ineffective (87) strains of R. l. viciae has been determined. LPS preparations from the two strains contained: glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, arabinose, heptose, glucosamine, galactosamine, quinovosamine, and 3-N-methyl-3,6-dideoxyhexose, as well as glucuronic, galacturonic and 3-deoxyoctulosonic acid. The following fatty acids were identified: 3-OH 14:0, 3-OH 15:0, 3-OH 16:0, 3-OH 18:0 and 27-OH 28:0. The ratio of 3-OH 14:0 to other major fatty acids in LPS 87 was higher that in LPS 97. SDS/PAGE profiles of LPS indicated that, in lipopolysaccharides, relative content of S form LPS I to that of lower molecular mass (LPS II) was much higher in the effective strain 97 than in 87. All types of polysaccharides exo-, capsular-, lipo, (EPS, CPS, LPS, respectively) examined possessed the ability to bind faba bean lectin. The degree of affinity of the host lectin to LPS 87 was half that to LPS 97. Fatty acids (FA) composition from bacteroids and peribacteroid membrane (PBM) was determined. Palmitic, stearic and hexadecenoic acids were common components found in both strains. There was a high content of unsaturated fatty acids in bacteroids as well as in PBM lipids. The unsaturation index in the PBM formed by strain 87 was lower than in the case of strain 97. Higher ratio of 16:0 to 18:1 fatty acids was characteristic for PMB of the ineffective strain.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Coffee Oil From Instant-Coffee Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hanif ◽  
Fahmi Alif Utama Harahap ◽  
Heru Heru ◽  
Yuli Darni ◽  
Simparmin Br. Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Coffee Oil ◽  
Economic Stabilization ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The higher demands of fossil energy usage are currently imbalance to its reserves. This issue will give a potency of fossil fuel scarcity that contributes on rising of its cost and disturbing economic stabilization in the future. It is desirable to find another resource which is sustainable and renewable to reduce the dependency on this resource. This study aimed to utilize the oil from instant coffee waste as biodiesel feedstocks. The coffee oil was extracted from instant-coffee waste by Soxhlet extractor and characterized its physical and chemical properties. The solvent extraction through the solid bed of coffee ground performed by five cycles interval using n-hexane as a solvent. Separation processing oil from its hydrocarbon solvent was in a rotary vacuum evaporator and the oil extract collected for further purposes. There was about 17.6% (on a dry weight basis) of coffee oil gained on 20 cycles of extraction. Analysis regarding its physicochemical properties reported that the crude oil has 0.89 g/mL of density, 43.82 mm2/s of kinematic viscosity, 44.47 mg KOH/g of acid value, and 176.40 mg KOH/g of saponification value. The fatty acids composition of the oil provided by GC-MS analyzer showed that unsaturated fatty acids contained, observed as trans-fatty acids rather than cis-fatty acids.

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