scholarly journals The Impact of Information Technology on Motor Carrier Productivity

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Starr McMullen
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Satellite Communications ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Motor Carrier ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between motor carrier productivity, marketing strategy, and use of information technology for a sample of U.S. general freight commodity carriers. We use a unique data set containing information on firm marketing strategy and information technology use collected in a survey of Class I and II motor carrier firms (U.S. Department of Transportation, 1999). The measure of productivity used here is the non-parametric Malmquist Index as explained in Grosskopf (1993) and previously applied to general freight motor carriers by McMullen and Okuyama (2000). The Malmquist Index is decomposed into two components: economic efficiency change (EC) and technical efficiency change (TC). A tobit model regression model is used to examine the relationship between firm productivity, marketing strategy, and use of information technology. Information technologies included in the tobit analysis are electronic data interchange (EDI) and satellite communications (SATCOM). We also include firm size, use of owner-operators, and percent unionization as explanatory variables in the tobit regression. Results indicate that use of EDI has a positive and significant impact on economic efficiency (EC). Firms that try to market their product by providing service at the "lowest freight rate" are found to exhibit greater technical efficiency (TC), suggesting that productivity and cost measures that ignore marketing strategy may be biased. Finally, economic efficiency (EC) is found to be significantly greater for firms that are more heavily unionized.

scholarly journals Can Universities Improve their Competitiveness using Information Technology?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 456-458
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Information Technology Use ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The Relationship

Rapid changes in information technology happen in today's era of Society 5.0 and the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Universities are expected to adapt to these changes to maintain their existence. This study examines the relationship between information technology use and organizational competitiveness in higher education. Quantitative data were collected from 29 private universities in Indonesia. Data analysis was performed using PLS-SEM. The results revealed that information technology, consisting of Information Quality, System Quality and Service Quality, had significant positive impact on the competitiveness of universities in Indonesia. This implies that it is necessary for universities to optimize the application of information technology in their business processes in order to improve competitiveness in the era of Society 5.0 and the Industrial Revolution 4.0.

scholarly journals Personnel Expenses and Productivity Change in Peruvian Stock Mining Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Johan Axcel Torres Bonilla ◽  
Fiorella Melissa Arena Pariona Marcos ◽  
Pedro Bernabe Venegas Rodriguez ◽  
Nivardo Alonzo Santillan Zapata ◽  
Jimmy Alberth Deza Quispe
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
World Market ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
Personnel Expenses

Copper mining activities have a huge importance for both the Peruvian economy and the world. Then, it is important to analyze how mining companies face productivity to stay afloat in the competitive world market. For this reason, Peruvian mining companies were analyzed in the 2016-2019 period by employing the Malmquist index as well as its decomposition. Two-year, three-year, and four-year intervals were used for a better understanding of the results. It was found that the major determinants for productivity change was technical efficiency change and technological switch.

scholarly journals How Do Technological Skills Improve Reverse Logistics? The Moderating Role of Top Management Support in Information Technology Use and Innovativeness

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Encarnación García-Sánchez ◽  
Jaime Guerrero-Villegas ◽  
Javier Aguilera-Caracuel
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Top Management ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Top Management Support ◽  
Technological Skills ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of human resource management on reverse logistics (RL) in the context of high-tech firms. Using the resource-based view of the firm, we analyzedthe effect of employees’ technological skills on RL. The study also investigated whether top management support (TMS) for information technology (IT) and innovativeness moderate this relationship. We collected data from European high-tech firms from May to September 2010, obtaining 160 responses representing a 17.7% response rate. Multivariate regressions were used to assess all of the relations established. The results indicated that technological skills have direct and positive effects on RL in high tech-firms. The authors also report that both TMS for IT and innovativeness act as positive moderators in the relationship between technological skills and RL. This study suggests the importance of considering two important organizational variables that enhance the effect of technological skills on RL in high-tech firms. First, using TMS for IT not only provides tangible resources but also strongly supports employees’ technological development in RL. Second, a high level of firm innovativeness leads high-tech firms to create the right conditions to take advantage of their technological skills to improve their RL. Moreover, theresults indicate the contingent role of innovativeness and TMS for IT use in the relationship between technological skills and RL.

scholarly journals Efficiency Development in the German Pharmaceutical Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-884
Author(s):  
Tim Gaebert ◽  
Michaela Staňková
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Production Possibility ◽  
Production Possibility Set

Changes in Germany legislation since 2009 significantly limited the operation of German pharmacies. Since then, there has been a steady decline in the total number of pharmacies. This article deals with the efficiency change within the German retail and wholesale pharmaceutical sectors in the years 2009 to 2016. The efficiency calculation was based on the nonparametric data envelopment analysis method and the Malmquist index was used to evaluate changes. Two components of Malmquist index were also monitored separately, capturing changes in the area of technical efficiency and changes in the area of the production possibility set. The results point to the increasing efficiency which means that decreasing number of pharmacies is caused by concentration tendencies rather than by negative effects of government decisions.

scholarly journals Increasing the Impacts of Information Technology Usage on Business Value

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 679-692
Author(s):  
Agus Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Technology Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Technology Usage ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Technology Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study is to examine a conceptual model of the relationship between the use of information technology, information technology strategy, and information technology business value and to formulate strategic priorities to increase the business value of information technology. The data of this research were the perceptions of 126 executives of large manufacturing companies in Central Java about indicators of information technology use, information technology strategy, and information technology business value. The analysis used descriptive and explanatory methods with multiple linear regression to explain the causalrelationship of the variables of information technology usage, information technology strategy, and information technology business value. The results show that the use of information technology and information technology strategies has a positive effect on business value. Surprisingly, the information technology strategy was proved to be a moderating variable and was able to increase the effect of information technology usage on business value.

Dynamic Efficiency Analysis of Coastal Container Terminal Enterprises in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 3139-3143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Wei Xin Luan
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Efficiency ◽  
Container Port ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Development Mode

Following the implementation of the 12th five-year plan, the development mode of Chinas coastal container port has changed; it thus requires higher port efficiency and an optimized development mode. This paper applies the DEA-Malmquist index to the quantitative assessment of dynamic efficiency of coastal container terminal enterprises in China. The result shows that the technical change enhanced from 2007 to 2010 year by year, however, the technical efficiency change decreased. Scale inefficiency is the main reason why the technical efficiency is low. This indicates that there is necessary for the coastal container terminal enterprises to control the investment of terminal construction. On the other hand, they should deepen reform of the management system, seek high efficiency operation mode and achieve the intensive utilization of investment.

ESTIMATION OF TECHNICAL, SPECIALIZED AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATED POTATO VARIETIES USING DATA ENVELOPE ANALYSIS METHOD (DEA) IN IRAQ FOR SPRING LUG 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-131
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Envelope Analysis ◽  
Variable Capacity ◽  
Data Envelope Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Stability

Research highlights the importance of potato crop, which occupies a prominent food and economic status in food security besides rice, wheat and corn at the local and global level. Despite the expansion of the cultivation of potato crop in Iraq in general and Ameriyah district in particular However, potato productivity remains substandard, this may be due to a lack of knowledge of the most efficient varieties and not to use productive resources at the levels at which technical, specialized and economic efficiency is achieved. Therefore, the aim of the research is to determine the technical, specialized and economic efficiency according to the cultivated seed category. The data envelope analysis (DEA) method was used to estimate technical, specialized and economic efficiency, assuming constant and variable capacity returns. As a result of the study, the Safrana variety achieved the highest average technical efficiency according to the stability of the yield and capacity efficiency in addition to achieving the highest average specialized and economic efficiency, The Lapadia variety achieved the highest average technical efficiency, assuming that capacity returns have changed. Therefore, we recommend the adoption of items that achieve higher efficiency and the need to redistribute the elements of production better and Achieving the optimum levels at which technical, specialized and economic efficiency is achieved and saving what has been wasted.

The State’s Role in Ensuring Fair Income Distribution in Vietnam Today: Some Issues from the Theory of Justice as Fairness by John Rawls

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Justice As Fairness ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Economic Philosophy ◽  
The Relationship

Fairness in income distribution is a factor that both motivates employees and contributes to maintaining social stability. In Vietnam, fair income distribution has been studied from various perspectives. In this article, through the analysis and synthesis of related documents and evidence, and from the perspective of economic philosophy, the author applies John Rawls’s Theory of Justice as Fairness to analyze some issues arising from the implementation of the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution from 1986 to present. These are unifying the perception of fairness in income distribution; solving the relationship between economic efficiency and social equality; ensuring benefits for the least-privileged people in society; and controlling income. On that basis, the author makes some recommendations to enhance the state’s role in ensuring fair income distribution in Vietnam. Received 11thNovember 2019; Revised 10thApril 2020; Accepted 20th April 2020

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