scholarly journals Interrelation among different instability indices of the troposphere over Dhaka associated with thunderstorms/nor'westers over Bangladesh during the pre-monsoon season

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368
Author(s):  
SAMARENDRA KARMAKAR ◽  
MD. MAHBUB ALAM
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
K Index ◽  
Total Index ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Instability Indices

Attempts have been made to correlate different instability indices among themselves statistically. The study reveals that the Showalter Stability Index (SI) has moderate to good correlations with different instability indices except Dew-point Index (DPI), Vertical Total Index (VT), Modified Vertical Total Index (MVT) and Modified K-Index (MK). Most of the correlations co-efficient are found to be significant up to 99% level of significance except Dry Instability Index (DII), which has correlation with SI up to 95% level of significance. Lifted Index (LI) has moderate to good correlation with different instability indices except DII, K-Index (KI) and MVT. Most of the correlations co-efficient are significant up to 99% level of significance except VT, SWEAT Index (SWI) and MKI, which have correlation with LI up to 95% level of significance. Unmodified instability indices have moderate to strong correlation with the corresponding modified instability indices, having 99% level of significance. The correlation co-efficient of VT and MVT, SWI and Modified SWEAT Index (MSWI), and KI and MKI are comparatively large. Standard errors of estimate are small in almost all the cases except a few. The regression equations obtained are likely to be helpful in the computation of different instability indices.

scholarly journals Modified instability index of the troposphere associated with thunderstorms / nor'westers over Bangladesh during the pre-monsoon season

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
SAMARENDRA KARMAKAR ◽  
MD. MAHBUB ALAM
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Instability Index ◽  
K Index ◽  
Severe Thunderstorms ◽  
Total Index ◽  
Stability Indices ◽  
Instability Indices

The present study is an attempt to study different Modified Stability Indices in relation to the occurrence of severe thunderstorms/nor’westers in order to find out the critical values of different modified indices favorable for the formation of thunderstorms in Bangladesh. Computations have also been made for the stations in and around Bangladesh for studying the spatial distribution of the modified stability indices. The Modified Instability Indices such as Modified Cross Total Index (MCT), Modified Vertical Total Index (MVT), Modified Total Totals Index (MTT), Modified SWEAT Index (MSWI), Modified K-Index (MKI) and Modified Energy Index (MEI) show greater instability of the troposphere in the morning as compared to CT, VT, TT, SWI, KI and EI. The critical values of different modified instability indices at 0000 UTC over Dhaka are: MCT >= 20° C, MVT >= 26° C, MTT >= 46° C, MSWI > 300, MKI >= 40° C and MEI < -6 joules/gm respectively for the nor’westers to occur in Bangladesh. The spatial distributions of modified stability indices have revealed that maximum instability lies over the area of surface low pressure especially over Bihar, West Bengal and adjoining Bangladesh at 0000 UTC on the dates of occurrence of nor’westers. Nor’westers occur at theeastern end of the maximum instability. For severe nor’westers of tornadic intensity, the critical values of different modified instability indices at 0000 UTC over Dhaka are: MCT >= 20° C, MVT >= 28° C, MTT >= 50° C, MSWI >= 500, MKI >= 42° C and MEI < -8 joules/gm respectively for the nor’westers to occur in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Pengeluaran Pemerintah dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia : Analisis Panel Seemingly Unrelated Regression

2018 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bayu Kharisma ◽  
Adji Pratikto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Almost All

The paper aims to examine how the growth impact of government spending in Indonesia, with a focus on several expenditure sectors, namely defense, education, health, agriculture, transport and communications, and manufacturing sectors. Based on the 17 sectors studied, only 6 sectors significantly influence economic growth, namely industrial sector, agriculture and irrigation sector, transportation and transportation sector, environment and spatial sector, political sector and mass media lighting, and security of order. Meanwhile, of the six sectors, only the security sector of order has a positive effect on economic growth, while the other five sectors negatively affect economic growth. If not paid attention to the level of significance, almost all sectors of development expenditure have a negative impact on economic growth, only 5 sectors that have a positive influence that is the labor sector, education sector, national culture, trust in God YME, youth and sports, housing and residential sector , the science and technology sector, as well as the security and order sectors. However, only the security sector of order has a significant effect, while the other four sectors have no significant effect. This result differs from previously conclusions, where their overall conclusion of the government development spending sector has a significant effect, the effect being positive. However, the same conclusions are generated for the security and order sectors, where the results are positive and significant.

scholarly journals Generalized equations for predicting body density of men

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Jackson ◽  
M. L. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Generalized Equations ◽  
Body Density ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Body Circumferences

1. Skinfold thickness, body circumferences and body density were measured in samples of 308 and ninety-five adult men ranging in age from 18 to 61 years.2. Using the sample of 308 men, multiple regression equations were calculated to estimate body density using either the quadratic or log form of the sum of skinfolds, in combination with age, waist and forearm circumference.3. The multiple correlations for the equations exceeded 0.90 with standard errors of approximately ±0.0073 g/ml.4. The regression equations were cross validated on the second sample of ninety-five men. The correlations between predicted and laboratory-determined body density exceeded 0.90 with standard errors of approximately 0.0077 g/ml.5. The regression equations were shown to be valid for adult men varying in age and fatness.

scholarly journals THE RELATIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF GRADED IMMUNIZING AND CHALLENGE DOSES IN MEASURING THE POTENCY OF VACCINES

1949 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Batson
Keyword(s):  
Response Curve ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Typhoid Vaccine ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Immunological Assay ◽  
Cent Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Graded Challenge ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Dosage Response Curve

A study of the effect of graded immunizing doses of typhoid vaccine and graded challenge doses of S. typhosa in 5 per cent mucin on the degree of gradation of response (survival or death) elicited in successive groups of mice is reported. In the range of doses employed the effect of graded immunizing doses was markedly greater than was the effect of graded challenge doses. Statistically the difference exceeded the 0.1 per cent level of significance. It was concluded that the use of graded immunizing doses was preferable to the use of graded challenge doses as a basis for the immunological assay of typhoid vaccine, since with the former there was obtained (a) a greater significance of differences in response of groups given graded doses even with smaller fold increments in successive doses, (b) a greater slope of the dosage-response curve which permitted estimation of ED50 values with smaller standard errors, and (c) an effect on response apparently less dependent on the sex of mice used.

Using Bootstrapped Confidence Intervals for Improved Inferences with Seemingly Unrelated Regression Equations

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Rilstone ◽  
Michael Veall
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Unrelated Regression ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression Model ◽  
Downward Bias

The usual standard errors for the regression coefficients in a seemingly unrelated regression model have a substantial downward bias. Bootstrapping the standard errors does not seem to improve inferences. In this paper, Monte Carlo evidence is reported which indicates that bootstrapping can result in substantially better inferences when applied to t-ratios rather than to standard errors.

scholarly journals Harvesting methods of Cinnamomum tamala leaves in private land: a case study from Udayapur district, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lamichhane ◽  
NK Karna
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Almost All

Tejpat (Cinnamomum tamala) leaf is commercially one of the important non-timber forest products of Nepal. This paper attempts to elaborate and analyze the harvesting methods and techniques of Tejpat grown by the farmers in their private land. The study was conducted in the villages of Udayapur district where Tejpat was widely cultivated and harvested for income generation and trading purposes. Almost all farmers with private land had planted Tejpat. Complete lopping of leaves once a year was the exclusive practice for harvesting. The collection period for leaf was from Ashoj (October) to Magh (February) but the period for bark varied greatly, i.e. from Kartik to Poush (November to January) and Baisakh / Jestha (May / June). Bark collection was done only from old, dying, diseased and low leaf producing trees. Average number of trees per household ranged from 10 to 155. The mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of the trees was 39.58 cm. There was high positive correlation between the DBH and fresh weight of leaf. Fitting of linear regression of fresh weight of leaf with DBH proved that the relationship was statistically significant at 5% level of significance. The minimum age and size of trees for leaf harvesting were found to be five years and 16.18 cm, respectively. Keywords: Fresh weight; harvesting; private land; Tejpat DOI: 10.3126/banko.v19i2.2981 Banko Janakari, Vol. 19, No.2 2009 pp.20-24

scholarly journals Bud rot disease of coconut in relation to endemic spots in Kerala state, India

CORD ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Rohini Iyer ROHINI IYER ◽  
A.R. Rasmi
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Random Survey

In India bud rot is quite common on the West and East Coast tracts. A random survey on   bud rot disease of coconut, caused by Phytophthora palmivora But.l, carried out in Kasaragod, Kannur and Calicut districts of Kerala revealed that, there is correlation between the disease incidence and the location of the palms. The disease   incidence was high in the hilly tracts when compared to that of the plains. Studies on the survival of P. palmivora propagules in nature revealed that the pathogen survives in the crown, soil and roots of healthy and diseased palms. However, the   percentage of survival was high in the endemic areas-Mandapam (Kasaragod District), Josegiri (Kannur Dist.) and Kuttiadi (Kozhikode Dist.), both in the case of diseased and healthy palms   compared to that of areas with lesser disease incidence. The temperature and humidity in the coconut growing tracts of hilly areas of Kasaragod, Kannur and Kozhikode districts are suitable for the survival of the pathogen in the crown during almost all months, resulting in the high frequency of disease incidence during monsoon season and continued infection up to January. Examination of the rain water collected from bud rot affected coconut gardens also indicated that the pathogen surviving in the crown debris can act as a source of inoculum, which spreads to the neighboring palms through rain splashes.  Based on the weather data   it is possible to predict the bud rot incidence well in advance.

scholarly journals Co-existence of wind seas and swells along the west coast of India during non-monsoon season

Ocean Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rashmi ◽  
V. M. Aboobacker ◽  
P. Vethamony ◽  
M. P. John
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
The West ◽  
West Coast Of India ◽  
Wave Parameters ◽  
Wind Sea ◽  
Calm Weather ◽  
Sea Wind ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. An attempt has been made to understand the co-existence of wind seas and swells along the west coast of India during non-monsoon season. Wave data were collected in different years during non-monsoon season (off Goa during May 2005, off Ratnagiri during January–February 2008 and off Dwarka during December 2007–January 2008), which is fairly a calm weather season along these regions. Diurnal variation in wave parameters is noticeable along the central west coast of India (off Goa and Ratnagiri), which is due to the interaction of multidirectional waves (both wind seas and swells) of varying magnitudes and frequencies. Swells are predominantly mature (91%) and old (88%) during late pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. Sea Swell Energy Ratio quantifies wind sea, swell and mixed seas prevailing in these regions during non-monsoon season. Intermodal distance (ID) between the energy peaks is moderately separated during non-monsoon season, whereas, during the shamal events, energy peaks are very close to each other (ID ∼ 0). However, pure wind seas (ID ∼ 1) are weakly present and found to co-exist with the swells almost all the time during non-monsoon season. Wind sea growth has been found while the swell propagates opposite to the direction of the wind and wind sea. Wind seas have minimum angular spreads in multimodal state. Under low winds, the interaction between wind sea and swell dominates and thereby the multimodal state reduces to unimodal state. The fetch available for the evolution of the wind sea spectrum has been estimated, and it is found to be less than 150 km. For the fetch limited condition, a non-dimensional empirical relation has been derived relating the significant wind sea height in terms of wind speed and peak wind sea period, and this relation fits for the west coast of India.

scholarly journals Variability of Some Meteorological Elements During the Southwest Monsoon Season in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
Haripada Sarker ◽  
Abdul Mannan Chowdhury ◽  
Samarendra Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Meteorological Parameter ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
Withdrawal Phase ◽  
Southwest Monsoon Season ◽  
Onset Phase

Statistical computation and analysis of the co-efficient of variation of different meteorological parameter such as mean sea level pressure, rainfall, dew-point depression, minimum temperature and maximum temperature over Bangladesh during the onset, on-going and withdrawal phases of southwest monsoon, season of 1981- 2010 was dealt with. The study reveals that the coefficient of variation of the mean sea level (msl) pressure is practically small over Bangladesh during the onset and ongoing phases of southwest monsoon. During the onset phase, the CV of msl pressure is relatively higher and decreases during the on-going phase. The variation of msl pressure increases slightly in the withdrawal phase of monsoon. The ranges of CV of msl pressure are 0.064 - 0.197%, 0.079 - 0.809%, 0.091 - 0.793%, 0.069 - 0.272%, 0.0695 - 0.229% and 0.127 - 0.32% in May, June, July, August, September and October, respectively. The variation of dew-point depression decreases in the eastern part during the onset phase of southwest monsoon and becomes lower all over Bangladesh during the on-going phase of monsoon. It again increases during the withdrawal phase. The maximum co-efficient of variation of rainfall exists over the southeastern part of Bangladesh during the on-going phase of southwest monsoon and decreases in June and July over Bangladesh i.e. during the early on-going phase of monsoon. The co-efficient of variation of minimum and maximum temperatures is found to decrease during the onset and on-going phases of southwest monsoon and increases during the withdrawal of monsoon from Bangladesh.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 40, No. 2, 155-167, 2016

scholarly journals SOURCES OF BARLEY RESISTANCE TO HELMINTHOSPORIOTIC DISEASES AND THEIR USE IN THE NORTH-EAST FARC

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Т. К. Sheshegova ◽  
I. N. Shchennikova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
North East ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
The North ◽  
Period 2

The paper explores 70 samples of spring barley from the collection of WIR under conditions of rather rigid natural infectious helminthosporioses (striped, reticulated and dark brown spotting) in FARC of the North-East in 2018-2019. The spotting was investigated 4-5 times during plants ontogenesis every 10-12 days since the phase 29 on the Cadox scale. The methodology suggested by O.S. Afanasenko (2005) was used to assess the diseases. The nature of vegetative-microbial interactions was evaluated by SCDP (square under the curve of disease progress) and IS (stability index) indicators. During immunological experiment, the authors observed 11 samples resistant to dark brown spotting with lesion rate 10.0-13.0%, SCDP parameters equal 167-223, DUT was 0.18-0.25; 18 samples resistant to reticular spotting (6.0-10.0%, PCRB - 53-103, DUT - 0.18-0.35), and 29 samples characterized by immunity and high resistance to stripe spotting (0-5.0%, SCDP - 10-75). IS - 0.01-0.09). Only 4 samples (Makbo, Kalkul, Buyan and Forward) are characterized by group non-specific resistance to reticulate and dark brown spotting and striate immunity. The longest occurrence period (2-7 days) of dark brown spotting was observed in 8 samples, and reticulum spotting (2-13 days) - in 16 samples. The paper finds out that NCL 95098 (Argentina) had the relatively long occurrence period in terms of dark brown spotting, and varieties from Afghanistan (k-5983) and China (k-2929) to reticulate spotting. Badiory, Makbo, Rodos, and Buyan varieties have equal dynamics of both spotting and slow rusting of diseases in ontogenesis. There is a weak (r = -0.33 - reticulate) and medium (r = -0.58 - dark brown) negative correlation between the latent period and the defeat. The regression equations (y = -0,6071x+6,8571; R2 = 0,917 - dark brown; y = -0,3941x+11,35; R2 = 0,733 - reticulated) show that from infection to the first disease symptoms, their daily increase in trend is 0,61 and 0,39%. Kalkul, NCL 95098, Badioryi and Buyan varieties are seen as effective promising for selection programs to produce high yield adaptive varieties under the conditions of the region. Apart from stability, they are distinguished by the number of productive stems, long, well-grained ears and high productivity.

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