scholarly journals SOURCES OF BARLEY RESISTANCE TO HELMINTHOSPORIOTIC DISEASES AND THEIR USE IN THE NORTH-EAST FARC

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Т. К. Sheshegova ◽  
I. N. Shchennikova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
North East ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
The North ◽  
Period 2

The paper explores 70 samples of spring barley from the collection of WIR under conditions of rather rigid natural infectious helminthosporioses (striped, reticulated and dark brown spotting) in FARC of the North-East in 2018-2019. The spotting was investigated 4-5 times during plants ontogenesis every 10-12 days since the phase 29 on the Cadox scale. The methodology suggested by O.S. Afanasenko (2005) was used to assess the diseases. The nature of vegetative-microbial interactions was evaluated by SCDP (square under the curve of disease progress) and IS (stability index) indicators. During immunological experiment, the authors observed 11 samples resistant to dark brown spotting with lesion rate 10.0-13.0%, SCDP parameters equal 167-223, DUT was 0.18-0.25; 18 samples resistant to reticular spotting (6.0-10.0%, PCRB - 53-103, DUT - 0.18-0.35), and 29 samples characterized by immunity and high resistance to stripe spotting (0-5.0%, SCDP - 10-75). IS - 0.01-0.09). Only 4 samples (Makbo, Kalkul, Buyan and Forward) are characterized by group non-specific resistance to reticulate and dark brown spotting and striate immunity. The longest occurrence period (2-7 days) of dark brown spotting was observed in 8 samples, and reticulum spotting (2-13 days) - in 16 samples. The paper finds out that NCL 95098 (Argentina) had the relatively long occurrence period in terms of dark brown spotting, and varieties from Afghanistan (k-5983) and China (k-2929) to reticulate spotting. Badiory, Makbo, Rodos, and Buyan varieties have equal dynamics of both spotting and slow rusting of diseases in ontogenesis. There is a weak (r = -0.33 - reticulate) and medium (r = -0.58 - dark brown) negative correlation between the latent period and the defeat. The regression equations (y = -0,6071x+6,8571; R2 = 0,917 - dark brown; y = -0,3941x+11,35; R2 = 0,733 - reticulated) show that from infection to the first disease symptoms, their daily increase in trend is 0,61 and 0,39%. Kalkul, NCL 95098, Badioryi and Buyan varieties are seen as effective promising for selection programs to produce high yield adaptive varieties under the conditions of the region. Apart from stability, they are distinguished by the number of productive stems, long, well-grained ears and high productivity.

scholarly journals Association of morphological traits with lodging resistance in spring barley under the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Zaytseva ◽  
I. N. Shchennikova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

Background. Lodging has an extremely negative impact on barley yield: grain quality and planting properties are deteriorated, disease incidence increases, and mechanized harvesting becomes difficult, so it is important to find new sources of lodging resistance in barley and use them in crosses and breeding programs to develop non-lodging barley cultivars.Materials and methods. Experimental work was carried out in 2018 and 2019 at Federal Agricultural Science Center of the North-East (FASC North-East), Kirov. Yield structure components and lodging resistance levels were assessed for 29 accessions from the spring barley collection. The study was based on the International COMECON List of Descriptors for the Genus Hordeum L. (subgen. Hordeum) and Methodological Guidelines for the Study and Preservation of the World Collection of Barley and Oats.Results and conclusions. Lodging resistance was observed to have a strong correlation with yield (r = 0.72) and plant height (r = –0.60), and a medium correlation with tillering (r = 0.40) and number of nodal roots at maturation (r = 0.44). No relationship was found between lodging resistance and morphological features of the second lowest internode, which means that selection of non-lodging forms by these criteria will not be effective. Lodging-resistant accessions demonstrated higher yield, tillering, productivity, 1000 grain weight, and a longer and denser ear compared to nonresistant accessions. Accessions combining high yield with lodging resistance and a set of traits promising for breeding were identified: ‘Belgorodsky 100’, ‘Naran’ (k-30892), ‘Kazminsky’ (k-30926), ‘Shchedry’ (k-31046) (Russia); ‘Syabra’ (k-30917), ‘Raider’ (Belarus); ‘Odesssky 115’ (k-29010, Ukraine), ‘Mie’ (k-30379, Estonia), ‘Rodos’ (k-30256, Poland). 

scholarly journals Perspectives of barley breeding for the conditions of the Volgo-Vyatka region (analytical review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
I. N. Shchennikova ◽  
L. P. Kokina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Key Factor

The article is devoted to the analysis of the structure of sown areas and characteristics of barley varieties zoned in the Kirov region for 2020. In 2019 in the Kirov region the varieties cultivated in production for more than 20 years had the largest specific weight – 50.1 % of the acreage occupied with barley. Those cultivated for more than 10 years had 36.1 %; from 5 to 10 years – 13.8 %. Certified sowings varied from year to year in percentage to the occupied area. There is a gradual decrease in unsorted sowings of barley from 3.0 thousand hectares in 2017 up to 1.18 thousand hectares in 2019. The areas sown with barley varieties bred in Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North East named N. V. Rudnitsky (FARC North-East) in the structure of sown areas in 2019 were from 21.5 % in the southern zone up to 57.8 % in the northern zone of the Kirov region. For the whole of the region the greatest distribution was recorded among Belarussian cultivars Zazersky 85 (39.3 % of the areas sown with barley), and cultivars bred in FARC North-East: Ecolog (10.8 %), Rodnik Prikamiya (7.1 %) and Novichok (7.0 %). In northern districts of the region the ratio changed: Ecolog – 27.2 %, Rodnik Prikamiya – 18.9 %, Novichok – 9.0 %, Zazersky 85 – 7.7 %. High productivity (4.22-4.79 t/ha in average), resistance to lodging and diseases characterize the zoned cultivars. The main disadvantage of barley assortment offered for zoning is the lack of stable yield and differences in duration of the growing season among the varieties. All cultivars belong to the group of mid-season, except for the mid-late cultivar Zazersky 85. The region is short of the sources of high-quality raw materials for forage production; only 30.7 % of all assortment of barley in the region are presented by cultivars with high grain quality (Ecolog, Belgorodsky 100, Rodnik Prikamiya and Pamyati Rodinoy). Currently, the trend for developing high-yield early, resistant to lodging and diseases barley varieties of high grain quality is to become the key factor in breeding work.

scholarly journals Promising varieties of spring glumaceous oat of the mowing and grain-mowing directions, adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Elena Vologzhanina ◽  
Galina Batalova
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Positive Dependence ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The results of the study of 12 varieties and promising lines of glumaceous oat in the competitive variety testing of the FASC of the North-East (Kirov region) in the period from 2018 to 2020 are presented. The purpose of the research is to assess the productivity, ecological plasticity and stability of the genotypes of glumaceous oat for feed and universal use in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. The dependences of grain yield and dry matter harvesting on the state of agro-climatic resources (HTC), temperature and precipitation are established. The contrasting weather conditions during the years of research allowed to conduct the most complete assessment of the studied genotypes. The most favorable conditions for the formation of a high yield of green mass of oat were formed in 2020 (Ij=3.76), grain - in 2019 (Ij=1.35). The average degree of positive dependence of green mass yield on the height of oat plants was revealed (r=0.51). The variety of the high-intensity type of the universal direction Medved, promising lines of the mowing direction (178h13 and 245h14) are distinguished.

scholarly journals Adaptability of prospective spring barley cultivars bred in Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Irina N. Shchennikova ◽  
Olga N. Shupletsova ◽  
Irina Yu. Zaytseva ◽  
Larissa P. Kokina ◽  
Rimma I. Vyatkina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
North East ◽  
Yield Capacity

Based on the statistical assessment of long-term field studies, in competitive variety tests, barley cultivars were identified adaptive to the conditions of the region, promising for transfer to the State variety test. As a result of the studies, a promising breeding material was created. The efficiency of using various methods of creating a new initial material, in particular, the cell culture method, is shown. A statistically significant correlation was established between the value of the hydrothermal coefficient (GTK) in the period “leaf tube formation - heading” and the yield capacity of a cultivar (r = 0.520). High variability (V = 24.4%) in the duration of the inter-stage period “leaf tube formation - heading” was revealed in the cultivars of competitive variety testing. Cultivars 94-13 and 38-15 are distinguished by a high yield potential (up to 6.4… 6.9 t/ha) and the duration of inter-stage periods, at which the main stages of organogenesis occur at the most favorable combination of heat and moisture for the potential development of plant features and properties. Cultivars 207-15, 38-15, and regenerant 550-08, characterized by high annual average yield capacity (5.9…5.7 tons/ha) and adaptability, are promising for transfer to the Russian Federation State variety test.

scholarly journals 16S rRNA-Based Identification of a Glucan-Hyperproducing Weissella confusa

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shraddha Shukla ◽  
Arun Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Static Condition ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Weissella Confusa

A gram-positive, nonmotile, irregular, short, rod-shaped new strain of Weissella confusa bacterium was isolated from fermented cabbage. The isolate was physiologically and biochemically characterised. The 16S rDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The isolate was identified as Weissella confusa (GenBank accession number: GU138518.1) based on nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis. The isolate produces glucansucrase when grown in sucrose-supplemented culture medium which catalyses glucan formation. This novel isolate possesses high capacity of industrial use due to its high productivity of glucan (34 mg/mL) as compared to other strains reported. The optimum temperature for glucansucrase production was 25°C. The shaking condition gave an enzyme activity of 6.1 U/mL which was 1.5 times higher than that given by static condition (4.1 U/mL). The temperature 35°C, pH 5.4, and ionic strength 10–20 mM were optimum for enzyme assay. This investigation unraveled the abundance of industrially valuable microflora of the north east India.

scholarly journals HIGH-PRODUCTIVE FODDER VARIETY “ENDAN”

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Василий Блохин ◽  
Vasiliy Blokhin ◽  
Ирина Ганиева ◽  
Irina Ganieva ◽  
Игорь Сержанов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Production Test ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Feed Direction ◽  
Adaptive Ability ◽  
High Yields

Generating a variety of spring barley for feed use, which is the main forage crop in our region, and contributing to the main forage crop in our region, helps to increase the efficiency of livestock production. According to the results of scientific research, conducted in 2015-2018, a comparative assessment submitted for state variety testing in 2017 in 2 regions of the Russian Federation: Volga-Vyatskiy (4) and Srednevolzhskiy (7) the spring barley variety “Endan” showed, that it corresponds to the feed direction, characterized by high yield, environmental stability with increased feed grain quality. The new variety of spring barley “Endan” fully meets the basic requirements of agricultural production in many respects. In all the years of research, the “Endan” variety surpasses the standard “Raushan” variety in grain productivity. The feed direction value of this variety is that it has a high yield of crude protein per unit of sown area at high yields. The “Endan” variety combines high productivity with environmental stability and adaptive ability to external conditions. A production test proves the ability of this variety to produce high yields compared to the standard and the new Kamashevsky variety.

scholarly journals Study of elite black currant varieties selected at the Federal Agrarian Scientific Centre of the North-East

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
N. S. Vakhrusheva ◽  
T. I. Saltykova ◽  
A. P. Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Region 10

Elite varieties of black currant selected at the Federal Agrarian Scientific Centre of the North-East were studied with the purpose of identifying samples with an optimal combination of high productivity, large fruit, good taste, resistance to big bud mite and powdery mildew. The studies were carried out in 2015–2019 on a site located in the central agro-climatic zone of the Kirov region. 10 elite black currant varieties of 2013 planting were investigated. The varieties of Arkadiya and Vologda were used as control. The counts and observations were carried out using conventional methods. The combination of high productivity, its sustainability and high self-fertility was noted in varieties 71-2-07, 65-1-07 and 64-4-07. In terms of resistance to the pest, two highly resistant samples 71-2-07 and 65-1-07 were identified, which showed no signs of damage during the study period. The damage by big bud mite remained low across the entire experimental site. The average negative effect of big bud mite on the yield was found (r = -0.48). In the following 7 elite forms — 71-2-07, 65-1-07, 70-5-07, 46-1-07, 12-1-07, 15-1-07, 20-1-07 (70.0 % of the studied material), the maximum degree of damage by powdery mildew did not exceed 1.0 points, which indicates their high resistance. The combination of high resistance to big bud mites and resistance to powdery mildew was found in varieties 71-2-07 and 65-1-07. During the study period, 9 elite black currant varieties produced large-fruited berries. Out of these 9 forms, 3 (71-2-07, 64-4-07, 12-1-07) showed significantly higher values of this indicator compared to the Vologda control. Sample 27-1-07 was distinguished by a combination of large fruit, good taste and low acidity, as well as by high contents of ascorbic acid and dry matter. Sources of economically valuable traits were identified in 2 samples: 65-1-07 having a combination of high productivity, large fruit, high self-fertility, good taste, resistance to big bud mites and powdery mildew; 64-4-07 having a combination of high productivity, large fruit and high self-fertility. These genotypes can be recommended as a starting material for further breeding. On the basis of the results obtained, the Ariel variety (71-2-07) was forwarded to the State Variety Testing in 2020.

scholarly journals The results of breeding work on naked spring barley

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
E. S. Doroshenko ◽  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
A. A. Dontsova ◽  
D. P. Dontsov ◽  
О. Yu. Petrenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Naked Barley ◽  
The North

In recent decades, the demand for naked barley grain on the market has increased, that is why the breeders of the leading institutions of the Russian Federation resumed breeding research to develop new naked barley varieties. In this regard, the purpose of the current study was to develop a breeding material for naked spring barley, adapted to the conditions of the Rostov region and, on its basis, new varieties. There have been developed the new naked barley variety with high productivity and grain quality, adapted to the conditions of the North Caucasus. The study was carried out in the scientific crop rotation of the department of barley breeding and seed production of the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” (Zernograd) in 2014–2020. Based on the best local spring barley varieties (‘Leon’ and ‘Shchedry’) and naked varieties of the VIR collection (‘Mancuria’ (Sweden), ‘NB-OWA’ (Nepal), ‘CDC-Dawn’ (Canada), ‘K-3780’ (Tajikistan) and ‘Golozerny’ (RF)) there have been developed and studied the new naked barley lines. There was found that according to the trait ‘plant height’ the lines ‘Leon x Golozerny’ and ‘Leon x Mancuria’ belonged to the middle-height group (90.2 cm and 83.4 cm, respectively). The rest of the lines belonged to the tall group, their height varied from 96.5 cm to 100.3 cm. According to the trait ‘earing date’ there has been identified the line ‘Leon x Golozerny’ (24V), which is more early-ripening (5 days less than that of the standard). The same line turned out to be the only one that significantly exceeded the standard (the standard variety ‘Ratnik’ on 4.5 t/ha) according to productivity +0.3 t / ha, and taking into account the absence of hulls, this difference significantly increased to +0.7 t/ha. There was established that according to the trait ‘1000-grain weight’, the lines ‘Leon x Mancuria’, ‘Leon x CDC-Dawn’, ‘Leon x K-3780’ and ‘Leon x Golozerny’ significantly exceeded the standard variety. The best indicators of grain quality were identified for the lines ‘Leon x K-3780’ and ‘Leon x Golozerny’. The lines ‘Leon x Mancuria’ and ‘Leon x Golozerny’ were the most resistant to powdery mildew. The current paper has presented the characteristics of the new naked spring barley variety ‘Zernogradsky 1717’, which has a great productivity and a set of positive economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals The assessment of hybrid material of black currant of Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the North-East breeding according to the complex of economically valuable features

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
T. I. Saltykova ◽  
N. S. Vakhrusheva ◽  
A. P. Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Parental Form ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Good Productivity

The aim of research was to evaluate hybrid black currant families on productivity, large-fruitiness, flavor, resistance to currant gall mite and American mildew and to reveal the best ones in conditions of Kirov region. The studies were held in the experimental orchard of Federal Agricultural Research Center (FARC) of the North-East (Kirov) in 2010-2017. The object of the research was the hybrid of black currant breeding of FARC of the North-East on a plantation established in 2013. The scheme of planting was 3×1 m. 26 hybrid families (453 seedlings) obtained as a result of hybridization in 2010 were evaluated. Observations and recordings were held according to the general methods. For creating hybrid material of black currant the varieties Sapphire, Shagane, Arcadia, Mulatka and forms – as sources of economically valuable features obtained in conditions of Kirov region were used. According to the results of the research, the combinations of hybridization with the maximum yield of hybrid seedlings with valuable features which show an interest for the further breeding were revealed: 41-3-07×Sapphire – early maturity and good productivity (75.6-91.1 %); 10-1-07×Arcadia – large-fruitiness (50.0-66.7 %) and nice flavor (61.5 %); 57-5-07×44-8-96 – with resistance to currant gall mind (100.0 %) and mildew (42.9 %); 69-5-07×Shagane – good productivity (50.0-92.8 %); 102-1-07×Alexandrina, 25-4-07×Mulatka, 99-3-07×34-4-96 – with resistance to currant gall mind (100.0 %). For the further research 12 selected forms of black currant with economically valuable features have been identified, replicated and planted at the site of primary studying. The Sapphire variety became the best parent form in evaluating breeding material. In crossing combinations with its involvement the maximal amount of selected seedlings with economically valuable features (8 from 12 forms) were revealed. In crossing combinations, where the Shagane variety was used as a male parental form, a high yield of productive seedlings was noted.

scholarly journals The assessment of selection numbers of potato according to the combination of traits in the conditions of Kirov region

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-584
Author(s):  
O. N. Bashlakova ◽  
N. F. Sintsova
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
North East ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Selection Number

The assessment of hybrid combinations of potato according to significant traits such as resistance to basic diseases, high productivity and market condition of tubers was carried out in Kirov region in 2016-2018. As an object for the research the following new potato hybrids bred by Falenki breeding station, branch of FARC North-East, were taken: 27-07(165-00 ´ 282-97), 170-08 (Sierra ´ 93.14-99), 21-07 (165-00 ´ 282-97), 62-08 (9326-2 ´ Zhukovsky Early), 90-09 (194-00 ´ 45-7-17), 179-10 (Dina ´ 45-7-17), 455-08 (591m-62 ´ Dubrava). Early-ripe variety Udacha, middle-early Nevsky, mid-season Chaika recognized in Kirov region were used as standard. Phenological observations, assessment according to productivity (on the 65th day), total and commercial yield and disease resistance were carried out and chemical content of tubers was determined in the breeding nursery in accordance with the methodology instructions of potato breeding. As the result, according to economically valuable traits a promising selection number 170-08 has been chosen. In total yield its significant increase over the standard variety Udacha is 2.6 t/ha. The hybrid 170-08 tubers are round-oval shaped, the jacket is light-beige, the eyes are shallow, in number 5-6 on a tuber, the pulp is cream-colored. This variety combines high yield productivity (19.3 t/ha), and high top blight resistance (7-9 points). Also, 170-08 number is valuable when using for early yield (the productivity on the 65th day after planting is 14.6 t/ha).Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.

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