scholarly journals Chemical composition and energetic values of wheat and its sub-products for broiler chicken

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 3481
Author(s):  
Jomara Broch ◽  
Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Jeffersson Rafael Henz ◽  
Idiana Mara da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gross Energy

<p>The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), AME corrected by nitrogen retention (AMEn) and metabolization coefficients (MC and MCn) of different feeds for broilers from the western region of Paraná State. The experiment was conducted at the Physiology of Birds Laboratory at UNIOESTE. Two hundred and sixty male chicks of the Cobb 500 strain, at 21 days old, were distributed in a randomized design with 12 treatments and four replicates of five birds per experimental unit. The feed ingredients studied were ten different wheat middlings, one triticale, one wheat grain and a reference diet. Values for dry matter, nitrogen, gross energy, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, mineral matter, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and magnesium composition were determined as well as the geometric mean diameter of the feed particles. To determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and AME corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) the total excreta collection method was used with growing birds. The chemical composition of the feeds was variable. The values for AME and AMEn ranged from 1. 819-2. 958 and 1. 734-2. 882 kcal. kg-1, respectively. Based on these energetic values and the values for gross energy, the coefficients of metabolizability were calculated. The values ranged from 43. 26-75. 24% for MC and from 42. 28- 73. 31% for MCn.</p>

scholarly journals Energy values and chemical composition of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) evaluated with broilers

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 992-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Ribeiro Alvarenga ◽  
Paulo Borges Rodrigues ◽  
Vinícius de Souza Cantarelli ◽  
Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo ◽  
José Walter da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical and energy composition of spirulina (Spirulina platensis), the nutrient metabolizability coefficients, and the values of apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) in broilers. A digestibility trial was carried out by using total excreta collection method, with 90 Cobb 500 lineage chicks, with initial weight of 256 ± 5 g at 11 days of age. Birds were allotted in metabolic cages for 10 days, distributed in a completely randomized design, with three treatments and six repetitions with five birds each. Diets consisted on a reference-ration based on corn and soybean meal and two test diets, one containing spirulina (30%) and the other one with soybean meal (30%). Spiruline was superior to soybean meal for contents of dry matter (DM), gross energy (9.60%), crude protein (26.56%), ether extract (54.45%), mineral matter (42.77%), calcium (100%) and total phosphorus (130.77%) and also for most amino acids, except lysine, glutamate, histidine and proline. Nevertheless, spiruline presented lower values of gross fiber (83.95%), acid detergent fiber (85.12%) and neutral detergent fiber (6.15). The AME and AMEn values (kcal/kg of DM) were, respectively, 2,906 and 2,502 for the spirulina and 2,646 and 2,340 for the soybean meal and AMEn of spirulina was 6.92% higher than soybean meal.

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of passion fruit seed meal for meat quails

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelise Regina FACHINELLO ◽  
Paulo Cesar POZZA ◽  
Antônio Claudio FURLAN ◽  
Vinicius Ricardo Cambito de PAULA ◽  
Lucas Pimentel BONAGURIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gross Energy

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) and the metabolizability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of passion fruit seed meal (PFM) for quails. One hundred meat quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), with 21 days old, allotted in a completely randomized design, with four treatments, five replicates and four animals per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of different levels PFM (4.0, 8.0, 12.0 and 16.0%) that replaced the basal diet (w/w). Metabolizable values were determined by fitting linear equations the PFM can be characterized as an alternative feedstuff for meat quails and the main chemical compounds are gross energy (5,569 kcal kg-1), CP (11.34%), EE (18.84%) and NDF (50.22%), as fed basis. Linear equations were fitted as follow: AME = 2,976 x + 5.877 (r2 = 0.94) and AMEn = 2,939 x + 4.864 (r2 = 0.95), thus AME and AMEn were estimated at 2,976 and 2,939 kcal kg-1, respectively. Additionaly, equations were adjusted for CP, EE, NFD and DM, respectively resulting in a metabolization of 6.35, 17.9, 12.48 and 45.66%. It is concluded that main components of the passion fruit seed meal are gross energy, crude protein, ether extract and neutral detergent fiber and its AME and AMEn for meat quails are 2,976 and 2,939 kcal kg-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Prediction of metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal for broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Carlos Bôa-Viagem Rabello ◽  
Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino ◽  
Jorge Victor Ludke ◽  
Michele Bernardino de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Gross Energy

This research aimed at generating and evaluating prediction equations to estimate metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal. The used information refers to values of apparent and true metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn and TMEn) and for chemical composition of poultry offal meal. The literature review only included published papers on poultry offal meal developed in Brazil, and that had AMEn and TMEn values obtained by the total excreta collection method from growing broiler chickens and the chemical composition in crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The general equation obtained to estimate AMEn values of poultry offal meal was: AMEn = -2315.69 + 31.4439(CP) + 29.7697(MM) + 0.7689(GE) - 49.3611(Ca), R² = 72%. For meals with high fat contents (higher than 15%) and low mineral matter contents (lower than 10%), it is suggest the use of the equation AMEn = + 3245.07 + 46.8428(EE), R² = 76%, and for meals with high mineral matter content (higher than 10%), it is suggest the equations AMEn = 4059.15 - 440.397(P), R² = 82%. To estimate values of TMEn, it is suggested for meals with high mineral matter content the equation: TMEn = 5092.57 - 115.647(MM), R² = 78%, and for those with low contents of this component, the option is the equation: TMEn = 3617.83 - 15.7988(CP) - 18.2323(EE) - 96.3884(MM) + 0.4874(GE), R² = 76%.

Metabolizable energy of fish when fed to captive Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1767-1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darin C. Bennett ◽  
Leslie E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Ardea Herodias ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Energy Coefficient

The efficiency with which the gross energy content of herring (Clupea harengus), mackerel (Scomber scombrus), and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is metabolized was determined for 11 captive Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias). There was a linear relationship between apparent metabolized energy and gross energy intake for the mackerel and trout. This relationship was lower and more variable for herring. Estimates of the apparent metabolizable energy coefficient for mackerel and trout were affected by the level of energy intake. Correcting for endogenous energy losses in the excreta yielded estimates of true metabolizable energy coefficients that were independent of gross energy intake. The true metabolizable energy coefficient of mackerel and trout did not differ and averaged 0.866 (SD = 0.014, n = 3 diets). Correcting for nitrogen retention did not improve the estimate of the metabolizable energy coefficient. The metabolizable energy coefficient of herring was highly variable and showed no consistent pattern in relation to energy intake.

scholarly journals Protein and Energy Utilization of Black Soldier Fly Maggot at Different age on Chicken

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Nicolas Gomgom Tua Marbun
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Protein And Energy Utilization

This study aims to determine the efficient use of protein and energy of Black Soldier fly larvae at different age levels on chicken. This research was conducted at Jl. RK, Desa Namo Bitang, Kecamatan Pancur Batu Kabupaten Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. Animal Husbandary Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatra Utara, Medan. The design of this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of P0, P1, P2, and P3 (larvae 14, 21, 28, and 35 days old). Observed variables were protein digestibility, nitrogen retention and apparent metabolizable energy.The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (P<0,01) on protein digestibility, nitrogen retention and apparent metabolizable energy. Based on research result it can be concluded that maggot of Black soldier fly more efficient at the age between 24-25 days.

scholarly journals Açaí meal on diet digestibility for commercial laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46926
Author(s):  
João Paulo Ferreira Rufino ◽  
Frank George Guimarães Cruz ◽  
Fábio Jacobs Dias ◽  
Ronner Joaquim Mendonça Brasil ◽  
Ana Rebeca Pires da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy

This study aimed to evaluate açaí meal in diets for commercial laying hens on apparent nutrient digestibility and apparent metabolizable energy. A total of 72 Hissex White laying hens (52-wks-old) were distributed in a completely randomized design, where treatments consisted of a control diet and an experimental diet (25% açaí meal) with six replicates of six birds each. Data collected were subjected to polynomial regression at 5%. Differences (p < 0.05) were detected in digestibility of all evaluated nutrients. Hens fed diets with 25% açaí meal presented worse (p < 0.05) metabolization and use of energy content. It can be concluded that hens fed diets containing açaí meal presented better use of crude protein, non-fiber carbohydrates and mineral matter. However, there was worse use of dry matter, fiber carbohydrates and ether extract. This result directly affected the energy metabolism of the birds. The inclusion of açaí meal reduced the energy use.

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of sorghums grown with different organic fertilizers for slow-growing broilers

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Fonseca Alves Campos ◽  
Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽  
Kênia Ferreira Rodrigues ◽  
Roberta Gomes Marçal Vieira Vaz ◽  
Susana Queiroz Santos Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Slow Growing

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sorghums grown with different organic fertilizers on the chemical composition, energy values, and nutrient metabolizability coefficients, as well as their use for feeding slow-growing broilers. Two trials were performed. In the first experiment, 200 21-day-old broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD), with five treatments and four replicates of 10 birds per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of a control diet and four test diets (sorghum fertilized with crotalaria, sorghum fertilized with millet, sorghum fertilized with humus, and sorghum without fertilization), including sorghum at 30% in the control diet. The apparent metabolizable energy (AME), apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn), metabolizability coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy were evaluated. In trial 2, 200 1-day-old chicks were used in a CRD with five treatments (T1 – control diet with commercial corn, T2 – sorghum fertilized with crotalaria, T3 – sorghum fertilized with millet, T4 – sorghum fertilized with humus, and T5 – sorghum without fertilization) and four replicates of 10 birds per experimental unit. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, and final weight at 28 days were evaluated. The values of AME and AMEn of sorghums fertilized with crotalaria, millet, humus, and sorghum without fertilization were 2894 Kcal kg-1 and 2881 Kcal kg-1; 2736 Kcal kg-1 and 2675 Kcal kg-1; 2727 Kcal kg-1 and 2694 Kcal kg-1; and 2994 Kcal kg-1 and 2959 Kcal kg-1, respectively. The metabolizable coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy were 76.04%, 42.01%, and 75.25% for sorghum fertilized with crotalaria; 77.50%, 50.77%, and 75.95% for sorghum fertilized with millet; 77.62%, 46.39%, and 75.54% for sorghum fertilized with humus; and 75.83%, 39.53%, and 74.71% for sorghum cultivated without fertilization, respectively. The dietary use of sorghum cultivated with different fertilizers did not affect (P > 0.05) weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, and final weight. Green manures with crotalaria, millet, and humus (bovine manure) are alternatives that can be used on sorghum crops because they resulted in grains with adequate nutritional composition, energy values, and metabolizable coefficients for slow-growing broilers from 1 to 28 days of age.

scholarly journals Prediction equations for digestible and metabolizable energy concentrations in feed ingredients and diets for pigs based on chemical composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-311
Author(s):  
Jung Yeol Sung ◽  
Beob Gyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Gross Energy

Objective: The objectives were to develop prediction equations for digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of feed ingredients and diets for pigs based on chemical composition and to evaluate the accuracy of the equations using <i>in vivo</i> data.Methods: A total of 734 data points from 81 experiments were employed to develop prediction equations for DE and ME in feed ingredients and diets. The CORR procedure of SAS was used to determine correlation coefficients between chemical components and energy concentrations and the REG procedure was used to generate prediction equations. Developed equations were tested for the accuracy according to the regression analysis using <i>in vivo</i> data.Results: The DE and ME in feed ingredients and diets were most negatively correlated with acid detergent fiber or neutral detergent fiber (NDF; r = –0.46 to r = –0.67; p<0.05). Three prediction equations for feed ingredients reflected <i>in vivo</i> data well as follows: DE = 728+0.76×gross energy (GE)–25.18×NDF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.64); ME = 965+0.66×GE–24.62×NDF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.60); ME = 1,133+0.65×GE–29.05×ash–23.17×NDF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.67).Conclusion: In conclusion, the equations suggested in the current study would predict energy concentration in feed ingredients and diets.

scholarly journals Nutritional Quality of Opuntia ssp. at Different Phenological Stages: Implications for Forage Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Danilo Dantas Da Silva ◽  
Albericio Pereira De Andrade ◽  
Divan Soares Da Silva ◽  
Francisco Abel Lemos Alves ◽  
Roberta De Lima Valença ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Three Stages

The study aimed to evaluat the chemical composition of forage cactus cladodes of the genus Opuntia spp. at different stages of phenological development. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with a 4×3 factorial scheme, with four species of cactus (Opuntia stricta Haw, Opuntia undulata Griffiths, Opuntia atropes Rose and Opuntia larreri FAC Weber) and three stages of cladode development (young, intermediate, and mature). The chemical composition of Opuntia cladodes varied according to species and phenological stage. Dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations increased, and crude protein (CP) decreased with cladode maturation. The species O. atropes had the lowest levels of organic matter (OM), CP, total carbohydrates, and non-fibrous carbohydrates, as well as the highest values of mineral matter, NDF and ADF. Calcium and phosphorus contents increased with cladodium maturation. The concentrations of boron, copper and manganese were higher in the young and intermediate stages. The cladodes of O. stricta, O. undulata and O. larreri showed better nutritional quality for feeding domestic ruminants. Young and intermediate cladodes are more proteinaceous and less fibrous. These results can be useful in selecting the forage cactus species and in optimizing the use of cladodes for feeding different categories of ruminants in semiarid regions.

scholarly journals Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Messias José dos Santos SILVA ◽  
Dulciene Karla de Andrade SILVA ◽  
André Luiz Rodrigues MAGALHÃES ◽  
Kedes Paulo PEREIRA ◽  
Érica Carla Lopes da SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

SUMMARY This study aimed to verify the influence of months on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of pasture and forage selected by goats in the semiarid region of Brazil’s Pernambuco state. Six male goats fistulated in the rumen were used in a completely randomized design. Forage collection was conducted in herbaceous and shrub/tree layers, in order to simulate goat grazing, and materials were separated into leaves and branches. Extrusa and pasture collections were held in November, January and February/March. There was collection month (P <0.05) effect for pasture on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), with average values of 458.27g/kg NM and 155.46, 521.30 and 390.13g/kg DM, respectively. For the stem (P <0.05) for DM, Organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), ethereal stratum (EE), ADF, acid detergent unavailable protein (AIP), total carbohydrates (TCHO) and dry matter in vitro digestibility (DMIVD), with average values of 487.47g/kg NM and 930.80, 69.07, 20.67, 440.30 and 63.78g/kg DM, respectively. About the extrusa, there was collection time effect (P <0.05) on the DM, OM, MM, CP, EE, AIP, TCHO, Non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and DMIVD, with average values of 84.53g/kg DM, 863.03, 136.97, 152.90, 33.60, 14.07, 676.37 and 55.35g/kg DM, respectively. Rainfall changes in the rainy season in the caatinga altered pasture quality, causing changes in the diet selected by goats, mainly in DM, CP, CNF and DMIVD.

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