scholarly journals FORMATION AND MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL AGRI-FOOD CLUSTERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: CASE OF “AGROTRANSILVANIA” (ROMANIA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Izabella MANUKYAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Diamond Model ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Social Rewards ◽  
Model Technique

Business clusters are considered to be more applicable in countries classified as developed. However, in modern times developing countries take risks of establishing business clusters and get the expected economic and social rewards. The work observes peculiarities of regional agri-food cluster formation and management in developing countries in the frames of the Romanian “AgroTransilvania” cluster. Based on the empirical analysis and the “CIPM” (“Cluster Initiative Performance Model”) technique, author conducts an expert assessment and finds out how the cluster’s members combine cooperation and competition in order to achieve outstanding results. The research paper encompasses practice-oriented models, including a diamond model for the Romanian agri-food market, a target board of the observed cluster, as well as a map of its members.

scholarly journals Features of the food market in the Fergana valley

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Sotvoldiev Nodirbek Jurabaevich
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Ferghana Valley ◽  
Food Market

The article explores the peculiarities of the Ferghana Valley food market in a systematic manner. The objective features are analyzed. The potential of agricultural land and transport systems is revealed. Estimated the value of the nutritional value of the population. The analysis of cluster formation and investment attraction to ensure efficient functioning of the food market is analyzed.

scholarly journals Determinants of Private Investment Contracts in the Basic Sanitation Sector: Evidence for Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianifer Leal Borges ◽  
Rodrigo Nobre Fernandez ◽  
Cláudio Djissey Shikida ◽  
Luciana de Andrade Costa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

Abstract Investment in infrastructure is a key factor for improving the quality of life of the population and, consequently, for the economic development of nations. In this context, the universalization of water and sanitation services is of great importance due mainly to their impact on public health. Based on the work of Yehoue et al. (2006) and Sharma (2012), this article studies the determinants of the number of private investment contracts for the basic sanitation sector. In the empirical analysis, with a panel of developing countries during the years 2003-2016, we use the following counting estimators to study the number of contracts in the sector: Negative, Poisson, Negative Binomial, and Zero Inflated negative binomial with corrected Vuong (ZINBCV). The results show that the channels of the macroeconomic environment, foreign investment and the political environment are the main determinants in the formulation of new contracts in the basic sanitation sector.

Evaluation of the development of Russian fisheries complex

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
T.M. Yarkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Food Market ◽  
New Jobs

The fishery complex of the country is a significant segment of the economy, concentrating all kinds of resources for socio-economic development. The main goal of the country’s fishery complex is the production of fish and fish products for the population. Along with this, an expert assessment of the economic activity of the studied sector of the economy made it possible to identify some problems. The solution to these problems in 2013 was consolidated into a general concept, which served as the basis for the formation and implementation of the state program with total funding until 2020 in the amount of more than 92 billion rubles. In 2020, the program was prolonged, and some target areas were updated according to planned results, while financial support for the coming period amounted to about 52 billion rubles. Currently, the catch (extraction) of aquatic biological resources has increased, safety control has been strengthened, new water areas for fishing activities are being reclaimed, etc. However, there are some problems: marketing activities, updating the material and technical base, reconstructing coastal ports, increasing the share of proceeds through the sale of primary and deep processing products, and developing freshwater aquaculture. At the same time, there is an increase in the economic efficiency of the subjects of the fishery complex, as well as a noticeable social effect in terms of creating new jobs and increasing wages. An analysis of the consumption of fish and fish products by the population showed that a certain deficit has formed in the food market over the past three years, which is caused by numerous factors of internal and external influence. Despite the complexity of the emerging problems in the studied complex, Russia acts as an active partner in the supply of fish and other aquatic biological resources to the world market.

scholarly journals LA GLOBALIZZAZIONE DELLA DISEGUAGLIANZA. ASPETTI TEORICI, EMPIRICI E DI POLICY

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Targetti Lenti
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
International Integration ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Since the beginning of the 90’s inequality, once again, become one of the central issues of the economic debate from different perspectives: theoretical, applied and of policy. Not only increased the attention toward the inequality within countries, but also toward the global one, that is the inequality between countries and between citizens of the world as they belong to a single community. The effects of globalization on inequality are still very controversial. According to some authors international integration has produced not only instability and recurring crises, but also a growing inequality within and between countries. For other authors, instead, inequality and poverty decreased with the globalization. This paper will analyze the issue of global inequality mainly from an empirical standpoint. First of all, however, it will be discussed some issues related to the definition of the phenomenon with reference to the theoretical as well to the normative aspects. The empirical analysis will be undertaken by distinguishing the weight of the inequality between countries from that within countries on global inequality. Changes of synthetic indexes will be calculated, but also the differences in income’s distribution in each country will be analyzed. This kind of analysis, innovative with respect to the traditional ones, will allow to observe how the differences in the income’s distribution of industrialized and of developing countries can justify phenomena of the global economy such as, for example, migratory flows.

VAT withholding tax and its impact on vat compliance: evidence from the Zimbabwe revenue authority

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-243
Author(s):  
Blessings Majoni
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Withholding Tax ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Value-added tax (VAT) withholding tax is a key instrument used in various tax administrations to curb revenue leakages that emanate from clients that charge VAT on their services and supplies and then fail to remit it to revenue authorities. The Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) implemented VAT withholding in 2017 with the expectation that it would positively affect VAT compliance. The motivation of this study therefore arises from the knowledge that a number of developing countries are considering implementing a withholding tax mechanism on VAT. In addition, a number of developing countries such as the Philippines, Ethiopia and Ghana, have implemented VAT withholding tax with varying outcomes. Public finance literature on the empirical analysis of VAT withholding tax is, however, limited as it requires administrative data that most tax researchers are not privy to. This paper sought to undertake a more comprehensive empirical investigation of the direct effect of the introduction of VAT withholding tax on VAT compliance. To estimate the empirical effect of VAT withholding tax on VAT compliance, this paper exploited data of VAT registered clients in ZIMRA over a 24-month period. The study used an ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple regression analysis to investigate the effects of VAT withholding tax on VAT revenue. The study further used a difference-in-differences estimator by classifying VAT taxpayers into two groups. Empirical evidence indicates that there is a positive significant relationship between implementing VAT withholding tax and VAT revenue in the ZIMRA scenario.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Pro-Poor Growth on Poverty in Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Ilhem Zorgui ◽  
Houda Ayed ◽  
Said Jaouadi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
National Wealth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
New Framework

The paper aims at determining the impact of pro-poor growth on poverty in developing countries. The abundant literature regarding the issue of beneficial effects of the raise of national wealth on poor classes provided conflicted findings. In the addition of the theoretical review regarding the surveys attempting to find out the role of growth on poverty, the present paper relies on providing a new framework of analysis to find out the real impact of economic growth on the living conditions of the poor. The empirical analysis stands for the conduct of an empirical research made up of an econometric model applied on a panel of some developing countries.The empirical research revealed that growth could have a harmful impact on poverty in developing countries. The last finding remains limited because the coefficient is not statistically significant. The illustration of the outcome focuses on the lack of data about ineffective income redistribution, or regarding the contribution of some specific economic field as agriculture.

Export Upgrading and the Extent of Structural Change in Tax Revenue in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sèna Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Export Diversification ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This article examines the relevance of export-upgrading strategy (export quality improvement and export diversification) in developing countries for the structural change in tax revenue (trade tax revenue versus domestic tax revenue). The empirical analysis suggests that the lower the degree of export upgrading (higher export concentration or low quality of export products) the higher the extent of structural change in tax revenue, that is, a tax transition reform. In the meantime, the effect of export upgrading on the extent of structural change in tax revenue appears to be conditioned on the degree of countries’ openness to international trade. JEL Classification: H1, F14, O1

Inter-regional cluster formation based on the concept of spatial development

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-708
Author(s):  
L.I. Pronyaeva ◽  
A.V. Pavlova ◽  
O.A. Fedotenkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Regional Clusters ◽  
Regional Cluster ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Forming Methods

Subject. This article discusses the organizational and economic processes, and conditions for the formation and development of inter-regional clusters. Objectives. The article aims to clarify ideas and develop recommendations to assess the conditions and possibilities of inter-regional cluster forming. Methods. For the study, we used statistical analysis, graphical, and expert assessment methods, and a literature review. Results. The article proposes certain phases and an algorithm to form inter-regional clusters as potential economic growth zones of the regions. Conclusions and Relevance. The inter-regional cluster formation and development should be based on the economic-growth-zone theory and models based on the principles of inclusive development and smart specialization. The results of the study may be a basis to develop a strategy for inter-regional clusters operating at the level of the country's macro-regions.

The International Conference on Islam and Development in Southeast Asia

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-572
Author(s):  
Omar Altalib
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Political Process ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Resource Center

The International Conference on Islam and Development in SoutheastAsia was held during September 25-26, 1991, at the Equatorial Hotel, KualaLumpur, Malaysia. The conference was jointly organized by the Academyof Malay Studies (University of Malaya), the Islamic Academy (Universityof Malaya), and the Information and Resource Center (Singapore) and wassponsored by the Hanns-Seidel Foundation. The conference's stated aim wasto demonstrate the differences in programs for cooperation between Islamiccountries, the integration attempts of developing countries, and the actualeconomic and political situations of Southeast Asian countries.There were four main panels in the program: a) Islam and Developmentin Southeast Asia: A Historical Perspective; b) Islam and the Political Process;c) Islam and Economic Development; and 4) Islam and the Future of theRegion.In the first panel, Khoo Kay Kim (professor of Malaysian history,University of Malaya) pointed out that Muslims have historically emphasizededucation, while in modern times they have tended to allow education tobe shaped by outside rather than inside influences. In addition, Muslimeducation in Southeast Asia has lagged behind national development. Atpresent, the education system in Malaysia continues to produce students who ...

An Economic Framework for the Assessment of E-Commerce in Developing Countries

2009 ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Ayoub Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Diamond Model

This study presents a theoretically-based model for economic analysis of electronic commerce in developing countries. The Porter diamond model is adopted for proper economic examination of the factors that affect e-commerce. The model not only captures the factors as the driving forces of e-commerce, but also facilitates the assessment of e-commerce and identification of the global competitive advantages of the firms. The new model can be used as a framework for better policymaking by the public and private sectors and to predict changes in the rapidly expanding e-commerce in the global environment, especially in developing countries.

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