scholarly journals Symbolic Portrayal of Social Classes in Pakistani Advertisement

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Saba Zaidi ◽  
Saman Salah ◽  
Anisa Tul Mehdi ◽  
Mehwish Sahibzada ◽  
Durdana Rafiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Social Actor ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insight Into

The current study aims to identify particular ways through which social actors are represented by Pakistani media such as MCB (Muslim Commercial Bank) Ladies Account (2017). This study is only limited to two Pakistani advertisements as a sample of study. The research design is qualitative content analysis. The study seeks to examine the propagation of class differences for the sake of gaining viewer’s empathy in order to achieve marketing purposes. The researchers have applied Leeuwen’s (2008) framework of Visual Representation of Social Actor for the analysis of data. The analysis of data has provided an insight into different ways class differences are showcased. It has further provided an insight that notion of lower/middle class is constructed and represented as “others” in the particular advertisements with the help of Visual Representation of Social Actors. The result of study validates that lower/middle class is particularly marginalized in the mentioned advertisements, whereas it has become a general practice of Pakistani media to project such kind of class dichotomy. The study has further incorporated the idea that through such kind of projections the capitalists propagate the purchase of unwanted items. Wherein, regardless of any use the viewers while empathizing with the social actors purchase the advertised items.

The Gendered Social Organization of Migration as Work

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 295-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet W. Salaff
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Family Resources ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender

Borrowing concepts from the study of work and occupations as well as gender studies, this paper considers the social organization of migration as gendered work. It explores women's and men's contribution to two aspects of family resources needed to migrate: (a) jobs and the non-market exchanges involved in obtaining work, and (b) the support of kin. The data come from a study of 30 emigrant and non-emigrant families representing three social classes in Hong Kong. We find their “migration work” varies by social class and gender. Since the working class families depend on kin to get resources to emigrate, their “migration work” involves maintaining these kin ties, mainly in the job area. The lower middle class proffer advice to kin, and they view kin as an information source on topics including migration. For the affluent, middle-class who negotiate independently to emigrate, their “migration work” involves linking colleagues to the family.

scholarly journals Lebanese Students’ Attitudes toward English: An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ghada M. Chehimi
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
School Students ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Selection Of

This is a study of high school students’ attitudes toward the English language in Lebanon. The purpose of this research is to assess the extent of use of English inside and outside the schools taking into consideration the attitude towards the language. Two schools were selected, one upper middle class and one lower middle class. This selection of different social classes aims at finding whether a student’s socio- economical background affects his/ her attitude toward the English language. The sample of respondents returned 52 questionnaires from the two schools. Although this sample was a modest one, it highlighted the differences in attitudes towards the English language, but these attitudes did not relate much to the socioeconomic class as much as personal preferences. However, what was salient in this research is how students from the lower middle class were more inclined to use English to raise their social status and both groups agreed that English is essential to their progress in life.

scholarly journals Brazilian new middle class stratagem: dialectics of consumption and renewal of the overexploitation of labor

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (88) ◽  
pp. 72-95
Author(s):  
Paulo Ricardo Zilio Abdala ◽  
Maria Ceci Misoczky
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Social Consensus ◽  
Class Theory ◽  
Stratification Theory ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
New Middle Class ◽  
The Social

Abstract The argument of this essay is that the ideia of emergence of a new Brazilian middle class was a stratagem adopted to create a positive agenda with transitory social consensus. In order to develop it, we return to the social class theory to discuss the stratification theory, which is the methodological and theoretical support of the so called new middle class. In addition to that, another possibility of analysis is presented, based on the theoretical propositions by Alvaro Vieira Pinto and Ruy Mauro Marini, two authors from the Brazilian social thought, articulating consumption, social classes, work and production as inseparable relationships, part of dependent capitalism contradictions. From these authors´ perspective, it was possible to understand that the expansion of consumption, basis for the new middle class stratagem, temporarily improved the living conditions of people at the expense of deepening the overexploitation of labor, reproducing the development of dependency.

Home truths: fieldwork, writing and anthropology’s ‘home encounter’

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Rachel Humphris
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Social Actor ◽  
Social Worlds ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Home Space

This chapter presents the methodology of the research including theoretical discussions of ‘anthropological truth’, the researchers’ shifting situated positions throughout the fieldwork and the writing process. This chapter draws on Munn’s conception of the social actor as a mobile spatial field. The home emerged as the most salient site of interaction through this methodology. This has two implications. First, it provides a different entry point to social worlds (resonating with feminist analytics) rather than choosing a space and exploring the social actors that create it. Second, this approach revealed the home as the site where ‘culture’ was located and contested. This opens the home space to studies on diversity and conviviality. It also demonstrates the different terms that encounters in the home took on through the social roles of host and hosting, the materiality of the space, and gendered dynamics.

scholarly journals Insight and Treatment Attitude In Schizophrenic Patients–A Study on Indoor Cases from Three Tertiary Level Hospitals of Dhaka City

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
AHMKM Kamal ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
AU Choudhury ◽  
L Laila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
World Health ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction: It is frequently reported that schizophrenic patients have poor insight into their course of illness. Poor insight has considerable value in predicting the long-term course of chronic mental disorders and it has impact on patients' compliance with treatment plans. Lack of insight is a common symptom of the acute phase of schizophrenia, being described in 97% of acute cases in the World Health Organization International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia. It will enhance awareness among all level of medical professionals for prompt diagnosis or at least early referral to psychiatrist and that will be helpful to reduce the sufferings and treatment cost of the schizophrenic patients. Objectives: It was a descriptive cross sectional study and was carried out to find out the relationship of levels of compliance and drug attitudes with insight of people with schizophrenia as lack of insight often results in non-adherence and so treatment failure. Materials & Methods: This study was carried out on 100 admitted schizophrenic patients from nominated hospitals. Among them 50 patients were acute (first episode) and 50 patients were relapsed (subsequent episode) schizophrenic patients. Purposive sampling technique was used. Purpose of the study & procedure were explained to all diagnosed schizophrenic patients (diagnosed by psychiatrist) & only those who gave consent were finally selected for the study. Insight and attitude to treatment was assessed by using the Insight and Treatment Attitude Questionnaire (ITAQ) Results: It is frequently reported that schizophrenic patients have poor insight into their illness. In this study total number of cases was 100; among them 50 were having first episode schizophrenia and 50 subsequent episodes of schizophrenia. Regarding age, 33% were below 20 years of age, 33% between 20 to 30 years of age, 19% between 30 to 40 years, 13% between 40 to 50 years and 2% above 60 years; 61% of the subjects were male and 39% were female. Most of the cases were students (31%), house-wives (25%) and unemployed personnel (23%). Rest were service personnel, day labourers, retired persons, business men and farmers. In collected sample, 65% were educated below SSC level and 35% above SSC and 53% were from urban area and 47% were from rural area. 51% were from lower middle class family, 37% of cases had positive family history of psychiatric illness. In graduates & beyond patients mean awareness of illness was 3.00 ± 3.32 and mean attitude to treatment was 4.29 ± 3.73. In lower income group mean awareness of illness was 1.50 ± 2.10 and attitude to treatment was 2.69 ± 2.48. Conclusion: Insight has been associated with greater expressed willingness to take medications, better adherence to prescribed medications. It is observed here that awareness of illness was more in middle class and attitude to treatment is more in lower middle class group so service provider will give more emphasis on this two groups for better outcome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i1.18722 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.9(1) 2013: 25-34

scholarly journals The Pronunciation of Egyptian Arabic and Its Aspect of Sociolinguistic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-356
Author(s):  
Fitra Nanda ◽  
Rika Astari ◽  
Haji Mohammad Bin Seman
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Egyptian Arabic ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Video Objects ◽  
Basic Language ◽  
The Social ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Insight Into

The purpose of this research is to provide insight into the characteristics of the Amiyah Egyptian language from a sociolinguistic point of view. This research was conducted by examining a variety of literature relating to the object of study and also the deepening of the material regarding sociolinguistics itself. The research method used is note taking, which takes data from YouTube consisting of 10 video objects whose results are presented in descriptive form. The procedures of the research are as 1) listening to every phrase which is spoken by the speaker, 2) writing the vocabulary that has phonological differences with Arabic Fusha, 3) classifying data according to sound change prepositions, 4) analyzing data related to phonological and morphological aspects, 5) doing further analysis related to the sociolinguistic point of view, 6) presents the results of the study. The results of this study, Amiyah Arabic is not included as a language but as a dialect that emerges from a basic language, namely Fusha Arabic. However, amiyah language has different phonological and morphological aspects that have become characteristic of being another language. This was explained by the social conditions of the Egyptian community who held that the language variations formed were higher social classes than the existing basic language namely fusha language.

scholarly journals THE REPRESENTATION OF BASUKI TJAHAJA PURNAMA AND ANIES BASWEDAN IN THE GUARDIAN AND THE TIMES’ ARTICLES OF UNOFFICIAL QUICK COUNT RESULTS OF JAKARTA GOVERNOR ELECTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dian Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Visual Representation ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Content Evaluation ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Guardian

The aim of this paper is to present a critical discourse approach to compare two articles about unofficial quick count results of Jakarta Governor Election in The Guardian and The Times. Firstly, I will begin with the background analysis of why this issue is investigated and then I will explain how The Guardian and The Times represent social actors, social actions and visual representation of the social actors in their articles. Finally, I will discuss the content evaluation of these articles and end it with a conclusion. It can be concluded that both The Guardian and The Times use similar representational strategy to represent the main social actors. In their articles, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama is more activated and more prioritised despite being overtly described as a minority.

scholarly journals A New Player for Tackling Inequalities? Framing the Social Value and Impact of the Maker Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Unterfrauner ◽  
Margit Hofer ◽  
Bastian Pelka ◽  
Marthe Zirngiebl
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Digital Fabrication ◽  
Maker Movement ◽  
Great Expectations ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Maker Movement

The Maker Movement has raised great expectations towards its potential for tackling social inequalities by mediating technology-related skills to everybody. Are maker spaces new players for social inclusion in digital societies? How can this potential impact be framed? While scientific discourse has so far identified broad value and impact dimensions of the Maker Movement, this article adds empirical insight into the potential for tackling social inequalities. The study is based on 39 interviews with makers and managers of maker initiatives and ten self-reporting surveys filled in by maker initiative managers throughout Europe, which have been analyzed qualitatively. We found four main domains in which makers address social inclusion: First, by mediating skills and competences not only in the field of digital technologies but in the broader sense of empowering people to “make” solutions for encountered problems. Second, we found that makers actively strive to provide democratized access to digital fabrication and the knowledge on how to use them. Third and fourth, we found different ambitions articulated by makers to change society and social practices towards a society providing better opportunities for individuals. As an entry point for further research and actions, we derived a maker typology that reflects the diverse and various types of relationships to be found in the maker community. This typology could be used for exploring further collaborations between social actors and the Maker Movement. We conclude with an outlook on potential trajectories of the Maker Movement and specify which could influence the inclusion of marginalized persons.

Age/Grade and Social-Class Differences in Descriptions and Inquiries about Games

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Denise M. Worth
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Grade 8

This study explored cognitive performance differences between disadvantaged and middle-class boys on descriptive and inquiry tasks relating to everyday games. Fourth and eighth grade boys from both social classes were asked to describe the game they played most, then to learn a new game using yes-or-no questioning. The interviews were content-analyzed by category of game information and rated for effectiveness of description and inquiry. Grade 8 boys covered a wider array of categories for a description or inquiry of a given length. They were also more likely to explore the object of the game on all tasks. Grade 4 boys more frequently seemed at a loss in generating questions on the inquiry task. Socioeconomic differences were present, favoring middle-class boys, but they were smaller and less consistent than age/grade differences, and somewhat greater at Grade 4. While most Grade 8 boys were able to pursue an inquiry, more middle-class boys seemed involved in the task in a positive and motivated way. Complexity of grade and social-class differences in cognitive performance and the need for further research were discussed.

Social Factors and Neurosis in a Working-Class Population

1963 ◽  
Vol 109 (462) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Pond ◽  
A. Ryle ◽  
Madge Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
School Age ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Index ◽  
Medical Histories ◽  
Primary School Age

In the course of a study of families containing children of primary school age, we have collected detailed social and medical histories of the parents. In earlier papers (Ryle and Hamilton, 1962; Hamilton et al., 1962) based upon part of the population studied here, we have confirmed the reliability of the Cornell Medical Index (C.M.I.) as an indicator of neurosis. The aim of the present paper is to investigate whether social factors within a relatively homogeneous, largely working-class population, are related to neuroticism. While differences in the rate of neurosis between the social classes have often been described, interpretations of these differences are difficult because they may be due not only to variations in the rate of illness but also to differences in the mode of presentation, in symptomatology or in attitudes to medical treatment or to research enquiry. On the other hand, in studying a population such as ours, with small social class differences, the range of social factors available for measurement is reduced.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document