scholarly journals Competitive Advantage of GCC Date Palm Sector in the International Market: Market Shares, Revealed Comparative Advantages, and Trade Balance Indexes

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aymen Frija ◽  
Boubaker Dhehibi ◽  
Mohamed Ben Salah ◽  
Aden Aw-Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
International Market ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Comparative Advantages

In the GCC countries, date-palm sector is strategically important for the economic, social and environmental development. Therefore, markets globalization has had a huge impact on the comparative advantages of date exports from the GCC countries, highlighting a new range of necessary determinants for competitiveness of these countries on the international date palm date market. The current study is conducted in the framework of the “Development of sustainable date palm production systems in the GCC countries of the Arabian Peninsula” project funded by the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and led by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), and aims to provide updated estimates of competitiveness indicators of the GCC countries on the international market of date palm.The study starts by a summary description of updated figures concerning date’s production, yields, and consumption trends of the different GCC countries. This first part of the research paper also includes a presentation of the date trade matrix (destinations of exports and imports) of the considered countries. In a second part of this section, a set of competitiveness indicators were calculated to better reflect on the date trade balances performances of each of the GCC countries. The measures of competitiveness indicators conducted in this paper include: i) the Market Share (MS); ii) the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA); and iii) the Trade Balance Index (TBI). The Market share indicator was used to identify size advantages and the degree of specialization of a given country on the international market of a given commodity. The RCA has been defined as a measure of performance of international trade competitiveness of a given country for a given commodity. The TBI is used to analyze whether a country has specialization in export (as net-exporter) or in import (as net-importer) for a specific group of products. Data from both FAOSTAT and UN COMTRADE sources was used for the calculation of these indicators. Empirical findings show that GCC and North African countries are holding more than 70% of the international market of dates. The sum of market shares of the 6 GCC countries was about 30% of the international date market during 2015. This is showing that these countries together have strong potential for dominating the international date market. In terms of growth, it was clear that all GCC countries, including the least present on the international market are progressing quite positively with increasing shares from one year to another. In terms of RCA, the highest RCA value was recorded for Saudi Arabia (KSA). It was for about 43.5 in 2013, indicating that the country date export share for 2013 is 43.5% higher than its share in total world export of agricultural goods. Finally, TBI results show the existence of structural differences between KSA and UAE in terms of dates export and import patterns. These two countries are both the main players in date export in the GCC area. However, even though UAE is a net exporter of date palm, which its TBI is much lower than the TBI of KSA, showing that UAE is also importing a higher proportion of its exported dates compared to KSA. The date trade patterns among the GCC countries shows that there is a wide scope of coordination between the different trade strategies of these countries, through specialization and division of tasks. This can generate important opportunities for gaining more weight on the world market of dates.

scholarly journals Abstracts of the 43rd Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Abstracts, Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums...
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
City Council ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Rabbit Meat ◽  
And Control

The 43<sup>rd</sup> Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in Calamocha (Teruel province, Aragon region, Spain) from 30th to 31st May 2018, hosted by the Cooperative Society “Esperanza del Jiloca” (CEJI) and the City Council of Calamocha. The three main talks focused on strategies against antibiotic resistance in rabbit farming: one explaining the relevance of this problem and the responsibility of each agent to improve it, another expounding the “Spanish National Plan against Antibiotic Resistance”, and the third showing the first milestones reached in reducing antibiotic use on rabbit farms. Specific sessions were devoted to explaining the outcomes of the three research projects supported by the partnership between the Spanish Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) and the Rabbit Meat Marketing Board (INTERCUN): one related to welfare and health of rabbit does under different housing systems, the second devoted to the prevention and control of rabbit viral diseases, and the third investigating the etiopathogeny and control of epizootic rabbit enteropathy. In addition, the role and operation of INTERCUN was highlighted. The Chair of ASESCU spoke about this association’s role in the IDCURA project, a working group focused on innovation and divulgation in reducing antibiotic use in rabbit farming. The closing speech explained the workings of LONCUN, the latest reference market for benchmark prices of rabbit meat activated in Spain. Moreover, a total of 20 communications were presented both in working sessions with oral messages and posters (nutrition, pathology, biosecurity and sustainability, housing and welfare, and reproduction and genetics). The meeting was attended by more than 210 participants from several European, American and African countries. Abstracts of the contributions presented are reported below.

scholarly journals Technical Change and Agricultural Productivity

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
Christopher Cramer ◽  
John Sender ◽  
Arkebe Oqubay
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
High Yield ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Public Agricultural Research

The evidence does not support gloomy generalizations about an irreversible African environmental crisis or pessimistic arguments that barriers to adopting Green Revolution technologies are insuperable. Although evidence on agricultural technology in Africa is often unreliable, food output and grain yields do appear to have risen strongly in some African economies.. Huge variations in crop yields, including within similar agro-ecological zones, suggest massive potential for policies to promote a rapid increase in yields. Agricultural research and development (R&D) within African countries—and production on many large-scale farms—has shown that dramatically higher yields are possible. Crop yield improvements—with the aid of suitable high-yield varieties (HYVs), public agricultural research spending, and especially investment in irrigation—are possible without draconian resettlement schemes, without wasteful extension service spending, and without recourse to micro-finance schemes. The methods underpinning commonly produced estimates of yields are unreliable, calling into question conventional wisdom that small farms are more efficient than larger farms.

Identification of Comparative Advantages of Agricultural Products and Products of Processed Food Sector of Serbia

2017 ◽  
pp. 59-80
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
International Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Comparative Advantages

In the third chapter, the authors were studying the competitiveness and comparative advantage of agricultural products and products of processed food sector of Serbia on international market. Readers will be familiar with the foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector in the period 2005-2015. They will find out for which products the indices of comparative advantage of export have a positive value and will understand the connection with a surplus in foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector. Readers will be informed on products that prevail in export, i.e. will perceive the export potential of Serbian food industry. They will see which sectors aren't sufficiently propulsive and need to provide an adequate support in the future. Readers will be familiar with developmental problems of agri-food sector of other countries and will understand the significance of transfer of knowledge and experience in the development of processed food sector of Serbia.

The Role of B2B E-Commerce in Market Share

2018 ◽  
pp. 1281-1294
Author(s):  
Juliette Milgram-Baleix ◽  
Melanie Parravano ◽  
Luis Enrique Pedauga
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Linear Manner ◽  
Panel Threshold Regression ◽  
Positive Effect

This chapter explores the impact of the Internet and Business to Business (B2B) e-commerce on Spanish manufacturing firms' market share while most studies focus on innovation and productivity. Using standard panel estimations, the authors find that firms with their own Web domain and that also carry out B2B e-commerce increase their market share, though this effect is not homogeneous among industries. B2B e-purchases have a more significant (and positive effect) on firms' market share than B2B e-sales have. Unlike other studies, the authors also use a panel threshold regression specification that shows that e-commerce affects market share in a non-linear manner depending on firm's characteristics. Larger firms and firms with higher share of skilled workers are better at increasing their market shares through Internet-based commerce strategies than other firms.

Part II Vertical Agreements Under Regulation 330/2010, 5 Article 3: Market Share Threshold

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wijckmans Frank ◽  
Tuytschaever Filip
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Relevant Market ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time

This chapter discusses the market share limits that determine the applicability of Regulation 330/2010. Each of the supplier and the buyer must in principle remain below an individual limit of 30 per cent. In order to assess the market share limits, the chapter addresses the following steps of the analysis: (i) ninth step: definition of the relevant market; and (ii) tenth step: calculation of the market shares. It concludes by addressing the concrete and practical application of the market share limits in accordance with Regulation 330/2010 and offers easy-to-read overview tables illustrating the effect of changes in the market share levels over time.

1. Competition policy and economics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
Richard Whish ◽  
David Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Market Definition ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Competition Laws ◽  
Competition Process

This chapter provides an overview of competition law and its economic context. Section 2 describes the practices that competition laws attempt to control in order to protect the competition process. Section 3 examines the theory of competition and gives an introductory account of why the effective enforcement of competition law is thought to be beneficial. Section 4 considers the goals of competition law. Section 5 introduces two key economic concepts, market definition and market power, that are important to a better understanding of competition policy. The chapter concludes with a table of market share figures that are significant in the application of EU and UK competition law, while reminding the reader that market shares are only ever a proxy for market power and can never be determinative of market power in themselves.

Forecasting the Imminent Market Shares Pertinent to HTC Corporation Domestically

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yi-Fen Chen ◽  
Chang-Lung Hsieh ◽  
Chia-Wen Tsai ◽  
Wen-Yu Chen ◽  
Wei-Hung Lin
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Residual Error ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Envelope Analysis ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Average Residual

The development of the smartphone will intensify in the future. Recently, many Taiwan’s manufacturers are investing in the smartphone market. The present research used the grey envelope analysis to forecast the smartphone industry market share of High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC) in Taiwan. The average residual error of up and down envelope is 6.1825% from 2003 to 2007, and the predicted market share in 2012 is 3.334%. The forecasting results showed that the market share of HTC will decrease in the future. The founding of research offers meaningful information for HTC to decide the new strategy. For government, the result could also help to implement adequate policies to support the development of smartphone industry in the future.

scholarly journals The competitiveness and comparative advantage of the Slovak and the EU agri-food trade with Russia and Ukraine

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Qineti ◽  
M. Rajcaniova ◽  
E. Matejkova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Trade Specialization ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Balassa Index ◽  
The Eu

The paper investigates comparative advantages and competitiveness of Slovak and the EU 27 agri-food trade in markets of two countries: Russia and Ukraine. Our aim is to see the dynamics of the agri-food trade for the analyzed countries especially in the post-accession period. Applying a trade dataset from the EUROSTAT and based on the approach applied by Bojnec and Fertő (2006), we describe the pattern of agri-food trade in Slovakia and the EU using the Balassa index. The extent of trade specialization exhibits a declining trend in the country. It has lost comparative advantage for a number of product groups over time. The indices of specialization have tended to converge. For the particular product groups, the indices display a greater variation. They are stable for the product groups with comparative disadvantage, but the product groups with strong comparative advantage show a significant variation. There are also shown different tendencies for different markets i.e. the trade patterns between the Slovak Republic and the EU 27 with Russia and Ukraine.

The economic and pricing impact of authorized generic medicines in South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley-Ann Marion McGee
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Generic Competition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Generic Entry ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose – This paper aims to examine whether authorized generics (AGs) have influenced prices and market shares in markets for molecules facing generic competition in South Africa. AGs (clones), which are identical to the originator brands, offer a solution for originator companies to protect their markets from independent generic (IG) competition. IG competitors have claimed that AGs have a negative impact on pricing and competition. Design/methodology/approach – In a retrospective analysis, pricing and quantity data for 24 months post generic entry were extracted for oral solid dosage form products which experienced generic entry into their markets between 2005 and 2011, divided into “Authorized generic affected” and “no authorized generic” markets. A series of indices was calculated, as well as market shares of competing originator and generic products, and the number of generic competitors determined. Indices and market share data for clone affected and unaffected groups were tested at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months using unmatched t-tests, at a 95 per cent significance level. Findings – None of the evaluated pricing indices showed a consistently significant difference existing between AG-affected and no-AG samples. The only variable for which the two samples consistently differed was market shares, with originator brands experiencing significantly more market share erosion in AG-affected markets. Pricing levels of generics and originator products as well as growth of numbers of generic competitors were similar in both AG-affected and no-AG groups. Originality/value – A study of this nature on the impacts of AGs in the South African generics has not been previously published and reflects the situation particular to the country.

scholarly journals Global threat to agriculture from invasive species

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (27) ◽  
pp. 7575-7579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean R. Paini ◽  
Andy W. Sheppard ◽  
David C. Cook ◽  
Paul J. De Barro ◽  
Susan P. Worner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Species Invasions ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Sources

Invasive species present significant threats to global agriculture, although how the magnitude and distribution of the threats vary between countries and regions remains unclear. Here, we present an analysis of almost 1,300 known invasive insect pests and pathogens, calculating the total potential cost of these species invading each of 124 countries of the world, as well as determining which countries present the greatest threat to the rest of the world given their trading partners and incumbent pool of invasive species. We find that countries vary in terms of potential threat from invasive species and also their role as potential sources, with apparently similar countries sometimes varying markedly depending on specifics of agricultural commodities and trade patterns. Overall, the biggest agricultural producers (China and the United States) could experience the greatest absolute cost from further species invasions. However, developing countries, in particular, Sub-Saharan African countries, appear most vulnerable in relative terms. Furthermore, China and the United States represent the greatest potential sources of invasive species for the rest of the world. The analysis reveals considerable scope for ongoing redistribution of known invasive pests and highlights the need for international cooperation to slow their spread.

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