scholarly journals Soil Quality Indicators After Sequential Applications of Poultry Litter

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Jackeline Vieira do Santos Laroca ◽  
Tatiane Andrea de Camargo ◽  
Camila Menezes Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Juliana Mendes Andrade de Souza ◽  
Andressa Selestina Dalla Côrt São Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Particulate Nitrogen ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Physicochemical Properties Of Soils

Application of poultry litter may lead to major changes in the structural and functional properties of soil. Understanding these alterations is crucial for assessing the effect of organic wastes on the soil quality and attributes. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of use of poultry litter on increased organic matter, microbiological activity and physicochemical properties of soils in the Brazilian Cerrado and identify a group of expressive indicators of changes for the assessed attributes. The research was conducted in Fazenda Alvorada, a farm located in Portelândia/GO (Brazil), consisting of the following accumulated doses of turkey litter: T0 (without application); T1 (26.32 Mg ha-1); T2 (43.15 Mg ha-1); T3 (57.6 Mg ha-1). The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks and four replications. Sequential applications of poultry litter provide increases in the variables related to organic matter, mainly in particulate nitrogen and total nitrogen stocks. Applications of lower doses resulted in increases of microbial biomass carbon and microbial quotient. Concerning soil physicochemical properties, available phosphorus, the sum of bases and base saturation were the variables that exhibited the most significant changes with increased doses of poultry litter. The metabolic quotient was the most expressive indicator to represent soil alterations resulting from application of poultry litter.

scholarly journals The Effect of Land Use Systems on Soil Properties; A case study from Rwanda

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theobald Bizuhoraho ◽  
Alexis Kayiranga ◽  
Noel Manirakiza ◽  
Khaldoon A. Mourad
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Available Nitrogen

Land use change has a significant impact on the ecosystem. In this paper the effects of land use change on the physicochemical properties of the soil in Rulindo District, Rwanda have been studied. Three different land use types were selected; forestland, cattle farmland and cultivated land. A randomised complete block research design was used to carry out this research. Nine soil samples were collected and then analysed. The distributed samples were analysed in the Soil Laboratory of University of Rwanda-Busogo campus, while the undisturbed samples were analysed in-situ. Eight physicochemical properties were measured: pH, Organic Matter (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, soil bulk density, moisture content and porosity. The results showed that changing land use from forest or farm to cultivated land reduced the organic matter, available nitrogen, soil moisture and porosity while bulk density and pH were significantly increasing. On the other hand, the exchangeable potassium and exchangeable phosphorus did not change significantly for the both land use changes. Hence, the reduction of forestland and farmland are highly sensible to erosion and will decline soil fertility. The paper proposed few steps and recommendations to be the base for a new sustainable land use management in Rwanda.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Tillage Intensities on Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of a Eutric Fluvisol Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Gajda ◽  
Ewa Antonina Czyż ◽  
Agnieszka Klimkowicz-Pawlas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Microbial Properties

The physicochemical and microbial properties of soil under long-term monoculture of winter wheat were studied to assess the effects of two tillage systems of different intensities: reduced (RT) and conventional (CT). The research was carried out on an 18-year-old experimental field at Grabów (eastern Poland) between 2018 and 2020. The RT (ploughless) and the CT (mouldboard ploughing) systems with machine operating depths of up to 10 and 25 cm, respectively, were used. The analysed parameters were as follows: soil texture, pH, readily dispersible clay content (RDC), soil organic matter (SOM), carbon from particulate organic matter (POM-C), hot- and cold-water-extractable organic carbon (HWEC, CWEC) and nitrogen (HWEN, CWEN), soil basal respiration (SBR), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), nitrification potential (NP), dehydrogenases (DEH), and acid (ACP) and alkaline (ALP) phosphatases activities. Several single soil quality indices, including: metabolic (qCO2) and microbial (MicQ) quotients, enzymatic pH level indicator (EpHI), stratification ratio (SR), and metabolic potential index (MP) were calculated. The use of RT resulted in increased SOM and, therefore, in decreased RDC and increased values of soil stability, POM-C, HWEC, CWEC, HWEN, CWEN, MBC, and MBN in relation to CT. The MicQ, EpHI, SR, and MP well reflected the effects of RT and CT systems on soil and appeared to be useful in soil quality assessment. The results showed the beneficial effects on soil of the less intensive RT system in comparison with CT. Statistical analysis showed the significance of differences between tillage systems and interrelationships between the studied soil quality parameters.

Effects of Ecological Projects on Grassland Soil Physicochemical Properties in Three-River Headwater

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 843-847
Author(s):  
Xu Dong Zhao ◽  
De Gang Zhang ◽  
Li Na Shi ◽  
Yong Shun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Artificial Grassland

The depth variations of soil physicochemical properties in the degraded native grasslands and the artificially restored grasslands were studied in the Three-river headwater areas of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, China. The results showed: (1) With the increase of the gradient of restoration years, soil water content, total chemical properties, total potassium, phosphorus, available phosphorus and potassium were increased thereafter in the artificial grasslands. (2) With the increase of grassland degradation gradient, soil water content was gradually reduced, and the total N, K, the organic matter didnt gradually reduced also. (3) Both restoration years and degradation degree didnt influence the nutrient distribution in soil. (4) The organic matter, total N and K of degraded grassland were increased by artificial grassland construction. Therefore, artificial grassland construction canbe used as an effective measure of ecological projects in the Three-river headwater area.

scholarly journals Effect of feather compost on soil chemical indicators in CCN-51 cocoa plantation (Theobroma cacao L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Nelino Florida-Rofner ◽  
José Dolores Levano-Crisóstomo ◽  
Santos Jacobo-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Town ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

Introduction. Organic management of cocoa accounts for 60% of production in Peru and large amounts of compost prepared with different inputs are used, in order to improve the quality of the soil and cocoa yields. Objective. Evaluated the effect of the application of chicken feather compost on the main soil chemical indicators in a cocoa plantation CCN-51 un the Town of Nuevo Progreso, province of Padre Abad in the Ucayali-Peru region was evaluated. Materials and methods. A randomized complete block design was used, with four treatments and four repetitions where: FC1 was an absolute witness, FC2 feather compost at a rate of 2,000 kg. ha-1, FC3 feather compost at a rate of 4,000 kg. ha-1 and FC4 feather compost at a rate of 6 000 kg. ha-1. The main chemical indicators of soil quality were evaluated: hydrogen potential (pH), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+) , aluminum (Al3+), available cadmium (Cd2+), changeable acids (AC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Results. The results showed a decrease in exchangeable aluminum and changeable acidity and increases in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, depending on the proportion of compost applied, these indicators presented significant differences (p <0.05); The pH, calcium and cadmium available did not show significant differences (p <0.05). Conclusion. Feather compost (FC) significantly improved the levels of OM, N, P and K+, indicators that define soil quality and reduce aluminum levels, the latter of utmost importance in acidic soils.

scholarly journals Impact of Small-Scale Mining Activities on Physicochemical Properties of Soils in Dunkwa East Municipality of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Paul K. Essandoh ◽  
Mohammed Takase ◽  
Isaac Mbir Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Fallow Period ◽  
Physicochemical Properties Of Soils

The quality of soils in rehabilitated small-scale mined sites needs thorough investigation since a lot of changes do occur. The study assessed the impacts of small-scale mining activities on concentration and distribution of soil physicochemical properties and heavy metals. The soil samples were collected from 120 (50 m × 50 m) plots. The concentrations of soil physicochemical properties (Ca, Mg, Na, N, P, K, and OC and EC) varied significantly ( p  < 0.05) between unmined and mined soils. However, there were no statistically, significant differences ( p  < 0.05) observed in the concentrations of Cd, Hg, Pb, As, and Cu between the unmined and mined soils. Despite the generally poor (33.8%) soil quality in the study area, mining activities further reduced it by 24.2%. Soils from mined sites with unfilled/partially filled pits had higher levels of K, Mg, and Na. As mined sites fallow period increased, concentrations of OC and Cd increased, while Ca, Mg, pH, Cu, Pb, and As and value of EC decreased. The number of years that mined land remained fallow, and whether the pits were filled or unfilled during this period should be factored into the mined land rehabilitation processes.

scholarly journals Sugarcane/peanut intercropping system improves physicochemical properties by changing N and P cycling and organic matter turnover in root zone soil

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10880
Author(s):  
Xiumei Tang ◽  
Yixin Zhang ◽  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Xiuzhen Meng ◽  
Zhipeng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
P Cycling ◽  
Organic Matter Turnover ◽  
N And P Cycling

Background The sugarcane/peanut intercropping system is a specific and efficient cropping pattern in South China. Intercropping systems change the bacterial diversity of soils and decrease disease rates. It can not only utilized light, heat, water and land resources efficiently, but also increased yield and economic benefits of farmers. Methods We determined soil nutrients, enzymes and microbes in sugarcane/peanut intercropping system, and analyzed relevance of the soil physicochemical properties and the genes involved in N and P cycling and organic matter turnover by metagenome sequencing. Results The results showed that sugarcane/peanut intercropping significantly boosted the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, total potassium, organic matter, pH value and bacteria and enhanced the activity of acid phosphatase compared to monocropping. Especially the content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matter increased significantly by 20.1%, 65.3% and 56.0% in root zone soil of IP2 treatment than monocropping treatment. The content of available potassium and microbial biomass carbon, as well as the activity of catalase, sucrase and protease, significantly decreased in intercropping root zone soil. Intercropping resulted in a significant increase by 7.8%, 16.2% and 23.0% in IS, IP1 and IP2, respectively, of the acid phosphatase content relative to MS. Metagenomic analysis showed that the pathways involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism were dominant and more abundant in intercropping than in monocropping. Moreover, the relative abundances of genes related to N cycling (glnA, GLUD1_2, nirK), P cycling (phoR, phoB) and organic matter turnover (PRDX2_4) were higher in the intercropping soil than in the monocropping soil. The relative abundance of GLUD1_2 and phoR were 25.5% and 13.8% higher in the IP2 treatment respectively,and bgIX was higher in IS treatment compared to the monocropping treatment. Genes that were significantly related to phosphorus metabolism and nitrogen metabolism (TREH, katE, gudB) were more abundant in intercropping than in monocropping. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the intercropping system changed the numbers of microbes as well as enzymes activities, and subsequently regulate genes involved in N cycling, P cycling and organic matter turnover. Finally, it leads to the increase of nutrients in root zone soil and improved the soil environment.

scholarly journals Qualidade do Solo sob Cultivo de Banana em Sistemas de Produção Orgânico e Convencional em Gonçalves (MG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1206
Author(s):  
Vanêssa Lopes de Faria ◽  
Rogério Melloni ◽  
Eliane Guimarães Pereira Melloni
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Conventional Production

O objetivo foi avaliar a qualidade do solo em função dos diferentes sistemas de produção orgânico e convencional de banana mediante análise integrada dos atributos físicos, químicos e microbiológicos, tendo como referência uma área de mata nativa. As amostras deformadas e indeformadas foram coletadas na profundidade de 0 a 20 cm, no município de Gonçalves (MG) e submetidas às análises físicas (textura, densidade do solo, densidade de partículas, porosidade total, diâmetro médio geométrico e ponderado), químicas (fertilidade básica e matéria orgânica), microbiológicas (carbono da biomassa microbiana, atividade microbiana e qCO2). Os resultados indicam que as práticas culturais e o manejo do solo adotado no sistema de produção orgânico e convencional contribuíram para um aporte expressivo de matéria orgânica atribuído à constante deposição da biomassa da bananeira, sem diferença com a área de referência de mata nativa, havendo, dessa forma, manutenção da qualidade física e microbiológica do solo. Os indicadores químicos apresentaram condições químicas favoráveis ao desenvolvimento do plantel nos sistemas orgânicos, e em especial nos sistemas convencionais, onde, além do material orgânico depositado, houve adição de insumos químicos. Ressalta-se as limitações da seleção dos indicadores químicos, os quais não avaliaram os efeitos dos insumos químicos utilizados nos sistemas convencionais, sendo este, o principal fator que diferencia o manejo realizado nos sistemas orgânicos e convencionais. Soil Quality under Banana Cultivation in Organic and Conventional Production Systems in Gonçalves (MG) ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was to evaluate the soil quality depending on different banana cultivation conventional and organic systems, through integrated analysis of physical, chemical and microbiological attributes, using an area of a native forest as reference. The deformed and not deformed samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 20 cm in the city of Gonçalves (Minas Gerais’ state), then undergo to physic analysis (texture, soil density, particle density, total porosity, weighted geometric mean diameter); chemical (soil fertility and organic matter); and microbiological (microbial biomass carbon, microbial activity and qCO2). The results indicated that the cultural practices and the soil management adopted in the organic and conventional productions system contributed to an expressive input of organic matter, improving soil quality in terms of physical, chemical and microbiological aspects. Thus, due to the similarity of soil quality, it is recommended that the practices of adding agricultural inputs to conventional production systems be reviewed.Keywords: use of the soil, banana cultivation, indicators of the soil quality.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of soil at Habla union of Basail upazila in Tangail

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-671
Author(s):  
Md Abdullah Miah ◽  
Nazia Uddin ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Md Erfanul Haq ◽  
Ajay Kumar Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Properties Of Soil

An experiment was conducted to examine the physicochemical properties of soil at Habla union under Basail upazila in Tangail based on the BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture) laboratory analysis of physical and chemical parameters during January to March, 2014. Total 30 soil samples from 10 points of Habla union were collected from 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, and 30-40 cm depth of the soil respectively. To determine the soil texture the results were compared with the standard value of SRDI and BARC. Among the 30 soil samples, 25 soils texture classes were found sandy clay loam, 4 were sandy clay and rest one was clay loam. The comparative analysis showed that the average texture class is sandy clay loam. The bulk density ranged from1.23 to 1.91 g/cm3 for the total samples which leads to decide that bulk density is gradually increasing with soil depth. The moisture percentage at different depth of soil were 39.23 to 57.23 % (for 0-15 cm), 43.02 to 58.35 % (for 15-30 cm) and 42.08 to 58.24% (for 30-45 cm).The pH obtained from soil samples of the study area were 4.66 to 5.55 (for 0-15cm), 5.37 to 6.18(for 15-30cm), 6.33to 6.60 (for 30-45 cm). The percentage of organic matter of the soil samples were 0.55 to 3.97 % (for 0-15cm), 0.55 to 3.24 % (for 15-30cm), 0.69 to 2.28 % (for 30-45cm).The organic matter content in the surface soil is relatively low compared to standard level that decreases steadily with depth. The percentage of nitrogen (N %) was observed in different depth of the soil were 0.078 to 0.126 % (for 0-15 cm), 0.049 to 0.126 % (for 15-30 cm), to 0.074 % (for 30-45 cm) which revealed that the percentages of total nitrogen were fall with the depth compared to standard level. In different depth of soil, it was observed that the level of phosphorus (P) was very low compared to standard level where the phosphorus (P) concentration of the soil samples were 1.18 to 2.90 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 1.30 to 9.95 mg/kg (for 15-30 cm), 1.58 to 10.92 mg/kg (for 30-45 cm). On the other hand, it was observed that the sulfur (S) concentration was increased with the depth of soil compared to standard level. The sulfur (S) concentration of the soil samples were 5.21 to 11.98 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 5.37 to 14.16 mg/kg (15-30 cm), 9.03 to 15.09 mg/kg (30-45 cm). The potassium (K) concentration of the soil samples were 0.038 to 0.102 mg/kg (for 0-15 cm), 0.031 to 0.90 mg/kg (for 15-30 cm) 0.055 to 0.171 mg/kg (for 30-45 cm), which indicated that the low K content compared to the standard level. The overall physicochemical parameter of soil samples were not optimum for good agricultural production. As we know all the parameters either directly or indirectly influence the soil fertility and productivity. This was probably the reason for low productivity of soil in the study area.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 664-671

scholarly journals Effects of pumice mining on soil quality

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cruz-Ruíz ◽  
E. Cruz-Ruíz ◽  
R. Vaca ◽  
P. Del Aguila ◽  
J. Lugo
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract. Mexico is the world's fourth most important maize producer; hence, there is a need to maintain soil quality for sustainable production in the upcoming years. Pumice mining is a superficial operation that modifies large areas in central Mexico. The main aim was to assess the present state of agricultural soils differing in elapsed time since pumice mining (0–15 years) in a representative area of the Calimaya region in the State of Mexico. The study sites in 0, 1, 4, 10, and 15 year old reclaimed soils were compared with an adjacent undisturbed site. Our results indicate that gravimetric moisture content, water hold capacity, bulk density, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and phosphatase and urease activity were greatly impacted by disturbance. A general trend of recovery towards the undisturbed condition with reclamation age was found after disturbance, the recovery of soil total N being faster than soil organic C. The soil quality indicators were selected using principal component analysis (PCA), correlations and multiple linear regressions. The first three components gathered explain 76.4 % of the total variability. The obtained results revealed that the most appropriate indicators to diagnose the quality of the soils were urease, available phosphorus and bulk density and minor total nitrogen. According to linear score analysis and the additive index, the soils showed a recuperation starting from 4 years of pumice extraction.

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