scholarly journals Dry Mass Yield and Bromatological Composition of the Forage of Cynodon dactylon cv. Vaquero Submitted to Crescent Doses of Nitrogen, Applied as Swine Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
João Paulo Fonesi de Carvalho ◽  
Magno Daniel Porfirio ◽  
Tauane Santos Brito ◽  
Bruna Broti Rissato ◽  
Nelson Massaru Fukumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Swine Waste

The present had as its objective to evaluate the response of dry mass total yield, and bromatological composition of the forage, submitted to different nitrogen doses, applied as swine waste in the pasture of Cynodon dactylon cv. ‘Vaquero’. The study was developed during the period of November 2017 until March 2018, in the experimental area of the ‘Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná’, campus Toledo, located in the western region of Paraná, under latitude 24º43′13″ S and longitude 53º47′01″ W. The experimental design adopted was of randomized blocks with six treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1) constituted by crescent doses of nitrogen as swine waste, with five replicates, totalizing 30 experimental plots. It was studied the dry mass yield (kg ha-1), crude protein (CP), dry mass (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), insoluble nitrogen in neutral detergent (NDIN), insoluble nitrogen in acid detergent (ADIN), lignin, ether extract (EE) and mineral matter (MM). It was verified that the N doses influenced in the dry mass yield of the forage, because it reached a productivity of 4520.57 kg ha-1 in the dry mass. The highest crude protein content of ‘Vaquero’ was obtained with the dose of 250 kg ha-1 of nitrogen, in which was observed a content of 13.72 g kg-1 of CP in the dry mass. The different nitrogen doses, applied as swine waste in the pasture of grass ‘Vaquero’, have an influence in the bromatological composition and in the dry mass yield, causing an increase in the forage contents of crude protein (CP), dry mass (DM), ether extract (EE), in forage produced under four cutting periods. The increase in the nitrogen doses improves the nutritional quality of grass ‘Vaquero’, once it causes decreases in the NDF and ADF content and increases in the CP and DM content.

scholarly journals Production and quality of tropical grasses at different regrowth intervals in the Brazilian semiarid

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e52842
Author(s):  
Genildo Fonseca Pereira ◽  
João Virgínio Emerenciano Neto ◽  
Gelson dos Santos Difante ◽  
Liz Carolina da Silva Lagos Cortes Assis ◽  
Patrícia de Oliveira Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Crude Protein Level

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and chemical composition of three forage species at different regrowth intervals. A 3 x 4 randomized-block factorial design with three forage species (Andropogon, Buffel, and Massai) and four regrowth intervals (21, 35, 49, and 63 days) was used. There was no interaction (p > 0.05) between forage species and regrowth interval on any of the chemical components evaluated. The crude protein content decreased but the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose increased with increasing regrowth interval (p > 0.05). Only the contents of crude protein and ether extract were similar (p > 0.05) among grasses. A significant interaction was observed (p < 0.05) between forage species and regrowth interval on forage mass. Andropogon grass had the highest forage mass at 63 days (3,270.1 kg ha-1 DM cut-1) and the highest productivity regardless of the regrowth interval (19.1 t ha-1 DM year-1). Therefore, Andropogon grass was the most productive forage among the tested species. Pastures should be managed with shorter growth intervals due to the highest crude protein level and the lowest contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.

scholarly journals Production and quality of sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e48304
Author(s):  
Charles Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
Katia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽  
Wender Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Itamar Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Augusto Alves Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Fermentative Process

The objective of this study was to evaluate dry mass production, fermentative parameters and chemical and bromatological composition of sunflower silage and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of silage forage systems: sunflower monocropped; Paiaguas palisadegrass monocropped; sunflower row-intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; sunflower inter-row intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; and sunflower oversown and intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass, totalizing 20 experimental silos. Sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass were harvested at 110 days after planting at 20 cm from the soil for silage, using brush cutter. The silos were opened after 53 days of fermentation. The rows and inter-row intercropped systems contributed to increase the mass production of the ensiled material. The monocropped sunflower silage had higher values of pH, ethereal extract and acid detergent fiber and lower values of titratable acidity and dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and in vitro dry matter digestibility values. The silages of the sunflower intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in forage systems of crop-livestock integration presented better fermentative and bromatological characteristics, guaranteeing an adequate fermentative process and nutritional quality. In this way, the intercropping of these two forages potentiates the production of silage for feeding of ruminants during the period of forage shortage.

scholarly journals Cultivation of ruziziensis grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) using swine liquid manure fertilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
Marinho Rocho da Silva ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves Abreu ◽  
Oscarlina Lucia dos Santos Weber ◽  
Livia Vieira de Barros ◽  
Edna Maria Bonfim- Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Liquid Swine Manure

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of liquid swine manure (LSM) as fertilization in the implantation of Urochloa ruziziensis. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replications, with the treatments being four doses of LSM (0; 100; 200 and 300 m3 ha-1) and one dose of mineral fertilization. Seven cuts were carried out uniformly, after which plant height (PH), total dry mass yield (TDMY), crude protein content (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), macromineral extraction (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and microminerals (Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) of plants were evaluated every 30 days. Mineral fertilization provided higher PH, CP content and extraction of N and S, but lower NDF content. For ADF variable, there was no difference between treatments. The results of dry mass yield (DMY) and extractions of P, K, Ca and Mn showed that the effect of 300 m3 ha-1 LSM was statistically equal to mineral fertilization. For extractions of Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu doses of 200 and 300 m3 ha-1 did not differ statistically from mineral fertilization. Among the doses of LSM, there was increasing linear effect, with increases in the variables DMY (30.89%), PH (14.94%), CP (17%), N (53.01%), P (40.79%), K (27.84%), Ca (35.17%), Mg (29.6%), S (47.13%), Fe (31.2%), Zn (31.6%) and Mn (23.04%). For Cu extraction, there was a quadratic effect with the highest extraction in the dose of 26.36 m3, obtaining an increase of 19.94% in relation to treatment without application. It is important to study different LSM dosages to avoid risk of heavy metal toxicity. The LSM is an alternative in place of mineral fertilization for Urochloa ruziziensis grass.

scholarly journals Nutritional values of swamp grasses as feed for Pampangan Buffaloes in South Sumatra, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhakka Muhakka Muhakka ◽  
RUJITO AGUS SUWIGNYO ◽  
DEDIK BUDIANTA ◽  
YAKUP
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Leersia Hexandra

Abstract. Muhakka, Suwignyo RA, Budianta D, Yakup. 2020. Nutritional values of swamp grasses as feed for Pampangan Buffaloes in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 953-961. This study was aimed at determining the types and quality of vegetation in the swamp area, which could be used as sources of roughage for Pampangan buffaloes in South Sumatra. In this descriptive study, Results showed that the highest crude protein and ether extract contents, 20.56 and 2.92%, respectively, were found in (Neptunia oleracea). The highest ash content of 25.19% was found in Cyperus digitatus. The lowest fiber content (11.01%) was found in Ludwigia hyssopifolia, which also had the lowest content of Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) (40.64%). Hemicellulose content was found to be highest (37.14%) in Leersia hexandra. The lowest ADF (23.66%) and lignin (14,84%) contents were found in Nymphaea lotus. N. oleracea was found to have the lowest content (27.08%) of cellulose. It was concluded that the swamp vegetation found in this study consisted of 17 species of grasses and herbs (89.47%) and two species of legumes (10.53%). C. digitatus and L. hyssopifolia were found to have the best nutritional values. Dominant and palatable vegetation with good nutritional values, which were potential to be used as sources of roughage for Pampangan buffaloes, were Hymenachne acutigluma, Oryza rufipogon, Hymenachne amplexicaulis, Polygonum barbatum, and Eleocharis dulcis.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ADDITIVES ON THE SILAGE QUALITY OF SWEET POTATO BRANCHES

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-513
Author(s):  
NERMY RIBEIRO VALADARES ◽  
VALTER CARVALHO DE ANDRADE JUNIOR ◽  
ROSANA CRISTINA PEREIRA ◽  
CÍNTIA MARIA TEIXEIRA FIALHO ◽  
MARCOS AURÉLIO MIRANDA FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Silage Quality

ABSTRACT Sweet potato branches have potential use in animal feeding, even fresh or ensiled, and some additives may enhance their quality. This study aimed at assessing silage quality of sweet potato branches using different additives. We ensiled sweet potato branches without additive (control) and with the addition of 10% disintegrated corn with straw and corncob (DCSC), 10% sugarcane bagasse from alembic, 10% citrus pulp, and 10% coffee husk. Three samples of each plot were obtained after drying for measurements of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, mineral matter, starch, soluble sugars, pH, lactic acid bacteria population, gas, and effluent losses. Silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and coffee rusk reached the highest dry matter contents. Moreover, citrus pulp silage had a high content of NDF. In contrast, DCSC silage showed the lowest content of ADF. Lignin was low in silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and control (without additive). Suitable amounts of starch, crude protein, and lactic acid bacteria population were found in all treatments. Silage with DCSC achieved the best results for the assessed variables. Therefore, DCSC is the most suitable additive to improve silage quality of sweet potato branches.

scholarly journals Producción y calidad de la biomasa de morera (Morus alba) cosechada en diferentes modalidades de poda.

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Carlos Boschini
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Leaf Material ◽  
Pruning Techniques ◽  
Stem Production

A plantation established in 1993 with 60 cm, 90 cm and 120 cm between rows, was harvested 60 cm above the ground, 26 times at different pruning intervals between 56 and 112 days. Three pruning techniques were used: control, semi-clean and completely clean. Every 84th day of growth, the shoots were harvested and the total content of dry material, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and ash were analyzed. The semiclean pruning caused a 10% loss in the production of dry leaf material per hectare and a 13% in the stem yield, compared to the control. The joint harvest of leaves and stems decreased 11%. The completely clean pruning caused a 32% decline in the yield of dry material in the leaves per hectare and 36% in stem production, compared to the control. The total yield decreased 33%. The nutritional quality of the shoots, leaves and stems was similar among the different pruning techniques.

scholarly journals Prediction of metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal for broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Carlos Bôa-Viagem Rabello ◽  
Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino ◽  
Jorge Victor Ludke ◽  
Michele Bernardino de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Gross Energy

This research aimed at generating and evaluating prediction equations to estimate metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal. The used information refers to values of apparent and true metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn and TMEn) and for chemical composition of poultry offal meal. The literature review only included published papers on poultry offal meal developed in Brazil, and that had AMEn and TMEn values obtained by the total excreta collection method from growing broiler chickens and the chemical composition in crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The general equation obtained to estimate AMEn values of poultry offal meal was: AMEn = -2315.69 + 31.4439(CP) + 29.7697(MM) + 0.7689(GE) - 49.3611(Ca), R² = 72%. For meals with high fat contents (higher than 15%) and low mineral matter contents (lower than 10%), it is suggest the use of the equation AMEn = + 3245.07 + 46.8428(EE), R² = 76%, and for meals with high mineral matter content (higher than 10%), it is suggest the equations AMEn = 4059.15 - 440.397(P), R² = 82%. To estimate values of TMEn, it is suggested for meals with high mineral matter content the equation: TMEn = 5092.57 - 115.647(MM), R² = 78%, and for those with low contents of this component, the option is the equation: TMEn = 3617.83 - 15.7988(CP) - 18.2323(EE) - 96.3884(MM) + 0.4874(GE), R² = 76%.

scholarly journals Forage yield and nutritive value of hay from sorghum-sudangrass hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e95991110508
Author(s):  
Hosnerson Renan de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Mauro Pereira de Figueiredo ◽  
Ingrid Thalia Prado de Castro ◽  
Mário Henrique Melo e Lima ◽  
Luiza Maria Gigante Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass ◽  
High Forage

The objective was to evaluate agronomically nine sorghum-sudangrass hybrids (Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum sudanense) and the nutritive value of their respective hays. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 3 × 9 factorial scheme, with three replications. Three cuts were made: 42 days after germination, 29 days after regrowth, and 28 days after the second regrowth. All hybrids showed a higher number of plants ha–1 (P < 0.05) in the second cut. For the green matter and dry matter production of the hays, the values ranged from 49.16 to 62.07 t ha–1 and 9.07 to 11.43 t ha–1, respectively. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in dry matter, mineral matter, or ether extract. The hybrids 1013020, BRS 810, 1013016, and 1624F016 showed higher values of crude protein (CP) of 16.49, 16.17, 16.08, and 15.88%, respectively. Differences were observed (P < 0.05) in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. The hybrids 1013020, BRS 802, 1013021, 1013016, BRS 810, and 1624F006 presented lower levels of NDF (60.57, 60.74, 62.15, 62.37, 62.58, and 64.70%, respectively). The hybrids BRS 802, 1013016, BRS 810, and 1624F006, stood out above the others, presenting high forage yield and adequate nutritive value (CP content >13% and NDF content <65%).

Comparison of Fall-Applied Pronamide with Spring-Applied Sethoxydim for Quackgrass (Agropyron repens) Control in Established Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles D. Leroux ◽  
Robert G. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Agropyron Repens

Established stands of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) at two field locations were treated at one date in the fall with pronamide [3,5-dichloro (N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynil) benzamide] at 0.8 and 1.6 kg ai/ha and at two dates in the spring with sethoxydim {2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} at 0.3 and 0.6 kg ai/ha for the control of quackgrass [Agropyron repens(L.) Beauv. # AGRRE]. Herbicide efficacy was compared by measuring botanical and chemical composition and yield of forage. Both chemicals suppressed quackgrass in first-cutting herbage. While sethoxydim at the higher rate was equivalent to pronamide for increasing the proportion of alfalfa in forage, pronamide was superior for increasing seasonal total yield. Late postemergence applications of sethoxydim were more effective for quackgrass regrowth control than earlier spring applications. Controlling quackgrass in late spring resulted in lower crude protein (CP) content in first-cutting forage than did controlling it in fall. Alfalfa competing with untreated quackgrass had a lower CP content than where quackgrass was controlled with herbicides. All herbicide treatments reduced the neutral-detergent fiber (NDF) of the herbage. As measured by the acid-detergent fiber (ADF) concentration of alfalfa, sethoxydim slightly retarded spring growth of the legume.

scholarly journals The Productivity and Quality of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in Romanian Forest Steppe

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai STAVARACHE ◽  
Costel SAMUIL ◽  
Constantin I. POPOVICI ◽  
Doina TARCĂU ◽  
Vasile VÂNTU
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Parameter Values

Alternative use of alfalfa, for various purposes, including the production of biofuels or food supplement for human alimentation, is a study topic still in its early stages of research. Studying and understanding the biology of alfalfa and the factors with a major influence on it are very important activities. The productivity and quality of alfalfa are two indicators that help determine, in addition to economic value, the way in which alfalfa can be used. Evolution of alfalfa yield and quality depends on many factors, such as the growth stage of alfalfa plants at harvesting. It was observed over three years of vegetation the influence of alfalfa plant growth stage at harvest on plant height, leaves/stems ratio, production of leaves, stems and whole plant (DM - dry matter) per hectare and on quality indicators (CP - crude protein, NDF - neutral detergent fiber and ADF - acid detergent fiber). The results showed that, with the advancement of phenological phases, from early bud stage to complete flowering, the total biomass output raised from 2.79 Mg·ha-1 to 4.60 Mg·ha-1, the neutral detergent fiber raised from 48.4-50.6% to 62.0-67.7%, while crude protein content decreased from 21.2-24.0% to 13.3-16.5%. The parameter values were correlated with alfalfa growth stage during the harvesting (significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels).

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