scholarly journals The Economic Impact of Immigration on Domestic Employment in a Dual Economy: A New Sustainable Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Luigi Aldieri ◽  
Bruna Bruno ◽  
Concetto Paolo Vinci
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Dual Economy ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Sectors ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers

This paper examines the impact of immigration within an economy based on two sectors, facing administered wages. It is characterized by skilled and unskilled workers. It will be shown that immigration has no effects on skilled employment and negative consequences on employment of unskilled labor.

scholarly journals Health Threats in the European Region and Their Economic Impact: Lessons for Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Nataliia Letunovska ◽  
Anna Rosokhata ◽  
Saher Liudmyla ◽  
Valeriia Lazorenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Welfare Economics ◽  
European Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Consumer Sentiment ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
The Impact

The article considers various aspects of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economic sphere of the countries of the European region. They write about some specific approaches to the government's influence on leveling the negative consequences of the spread of the pandemic within countries. The authors conclude that COVID-19 hurts the level of trust in society and the degree of confidence in consumer sentiment. Simultaneously, unforeseen events such as COVID-19 stimulate the emergence and accelerated introduction of new technologies. It is further generalized that Ukraine must take into account all global trends in the implementation of economic measures, as well as follow the mainstream of technologies that are increasingly widespread in society, in particular the concept of welfare economics.

scholarly journals Emigration and Wages in an Open Economy: Some Evidence from Pakistan

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Traded Goods ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Fixed Prices ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers

This paper examines the impact of labour emigration on the wages of both the skilled and unskilled workers. The paper is based on a 3 X 3 trade-theoretic model, where a subset of the goods produced are traded at internationally fIXed prices. The results of the model hinge cruci~y on the intensities of the factors used 'within' the traded goods sectors of the economy. Using the Pakistani data, it is found that unskilled labour is used extremely intensively in the agriculture sector (exportable), skilled labour is used extremely intensively in the manufacturing sector (importable), and capital is used as the middle factor in both the traded goods sectors. Moreover, capital is used significantly less intensively in the construction (non-traded) sector relative to both the traded sectors. Based on the estimated relative factor intensities, the model predicts that emigration of either skilled or unskilled workers from Pakistan, in the long run, would benefit (in nominal as well as real terms) both the skilled and unskilled workers and hurt the owners of capital. The results suggest that the higher wages to both the skilled and unskilled workers must be compensated by a reduction in the rate of returns to capital if export-orientcd and import-competing sectors in Pakistan are to remain internationally competitive.

Economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic on air traffic

Ekonomika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Nikola Radić ◽  
Vlado Radić ◽  
Biljana Grujić
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Business Results ◽  
The Impact

The coronavirus pandemic is an unprecedented event in modern history, not only of aviation, but also of humanity. The negative consequences of the pandemic are not only related to the suspension of flights and the inability to transport passengers, but also have a great impact on other industries, such as the production of aircraft, systems and engines, tourism, the food industry, etc. The suspension of flights has led to many times lower revenues than planned, the dismissal of a large number of employees in this industry, as well as the cancellation of new airplanes ordered. Also, the prescribed health care measures that airlines must apply will affect a smaller number of passengers on planes, which means that each flight will be less cost-effective. Faced with large losses, airlines must organize in order to achieve maximum efficiency and a partial return to the levels of flying and transportation of people and goods that were achieved during 2019. The paper analyses the state and importance of the global aviation industry, the impact of the pandemic on business results and solving the problems of airlines.

Is Policy Coordination a Good Idea? Public Inputs and Policy Harmonization with Skilled and Unskilled Workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-440
Author(s):  
Raymond G. Batina
Keyword(s):  
Tax Competition ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Input ◽  
Public Inputs ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Labor ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers ◽  
Total Welfare

We extend the classic Zodrow–Mieszkowski model of tax competition with a public input to the case where there is skilled and unskilled labor. The policy rule governing the optimal provision of the public input contains a new term capturing an equity effect that takes into account the disparity in wages between skilled and unskilled workers. The equity effect can work in the opposite direction of efficiency. Under a coordinated policy reform across countries, total welfare improves unambiguously if the public input is underprovided prior to the reform and a concern for equity enhances the effect of improved efficiency on welfare. However, total welfare may also improve even if the public input is initially overprovided if the improvement in the unskilled wage due to the reform is large enough.

Trade and jobs in South Africa: a case of skilled vs unskilled workers

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Tavonga Mazorodze
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pooled Mean Group ◽  
Market Disruption ◽  
Common Correlated Effects ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers

PurposeThe purpose is to establish the impact of trade on manufacturing employment in South Africa.Design/methodology/approachTwo techniques, the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) and the Dynamic Common Correlated Effects (DCCE), are applied on a panel dataset comprising 26 three-digit manufacturing industries with data observed between 1970 and 2016.FindingsThe impact of trade on employment is miniscule at best and insignificant at worst once the study controls for cross-sectional dependency. This is true for both skilled and unskilled workers. Employment of skilled workers is explained by remuneration while employment of unskilled workers is explained by output dynamics.Practical implicationsTrade is widely attacked for causing labour market disruption through job losses. This hypothesis is not supported by data for South Africa as no link is confirmed between trade and employment of skilled and unskilled workers.Originality/valueEstimating the trade and employment link for skilled and unskilled workers while controlling for both endogeneity and cross-sectional dependency.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Chinese Imports on Brazilian Manufacturing Workers

Economies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Lourenço S. Paz ◽  
Kul Prasad Kapri
Keyword(s):  
Household Survey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Import Penetration ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Penetration Effect ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers

This study examines the impacts of imports from China and from the Rest of the World (ROW) on the wages of Brazilian manufacturing workers during 2000–2012. In this period, import penetration in Brazil grew by 25 percent, and the Chinese share of it increased from 3 to 20 percent. Using household survey data that encompass both formal and informal workers, we find that imports from China and from the ROW had different effects on manufacturing skilled and unskilled workers’ wages. Both the skilled and unskilled workers were negatively affected by an increase in the Chinese import penetration of intermediate inputs. For skilled workers, the ROW import penetration effect was negative for labor-intensive industries and positive for the other industries, while the Chinese import penetration had a positive effect on skilled workers’ wages. For the unskilled workers, we find that those in unskilled-labor intensive industries experienced positive impacts from both China and ROW import penetrations, whereas larger import penetrations reduced the wages for unskilled workers in the other industries.

The Impact of a Potential Public/Private Initiative on a Defined Region of the South Suburban Chicago Metropolitan Area

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Market Area ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The university is considered one of the engines of growth in a local economy or its market area, since its direct contributions consist of 1) employment of faculty and staff, 2) services to students, and supply chain links vendors, all of which define the University’s Market area. Indirect contributions consist of those agents associated with the university in terms of community and civic events. Each of these activities represent economic benefits to their host communities and can be classified as the economic impact a university has on its local economy and whose spatial market area includes each of the above agents. In addition are the critical links to the University, which can be considered part of its Demand and Supply chain. This paper contributes to the field of Public/Private Impact Analysis, which is used to substantiate the social and economic benefits of cooperating for economic resources. We use Census data on Output of Goods and Services, Labor Income on Salaries, Wages and Benefits, Indirect State and Local Taxes, Property Tax Revenue, Population, and Inter-Industry to measure economic impact (Implan, 2016).

Impact of Tourist Arrivals on Revenue Generation In Jammu and Kashmir

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Rayees Ahmad Wani ◽  
Dr. Ishrat Khan ◽  
Maqsoodah Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Revenue Generation ◽  
Policy Perspective ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
State Present ◽  
The Impact

The present study examined the impact of tourist arrivals on revenue generation. The results revealed that tourist arrivals accounts 51 per cent variation in revenue generation. Jammu and Kashmir State has a tremendous potential to become a major global tourist destination. Importance of tourism in J&K economy is known for decades now and its role in economic development has been an area of great interest from policy perspective. The tourism is being the key contributor in the economic development of J&K state. To understand the economic impact of tourism in the J&K state, present paper uses secondary sources of data and tries to examine the economic development such as tourist inflow, revenue generation.

Conflicts in Biafra, Katanga and Cabinda as a result of the geopolitical legacy of colonialism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 238-246
Author(s):  
Olga Dzhenchakova
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the impact of the colonial past of some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and its effect on their development during the post-colonial period. The negative consequences of the geopolitical legacy of colonialism are shown on the example of three countries: Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Angola, expressed in the emergence of conflicts in these countries based on ethno-cultural, religious and socio-economic contradictions. At the same time, the focus is made on the economic factor and the consequences of the consumer policy of the former metropolises pursuing their mercantile interests were mixed.

HOW CLIMATE CHANGE CAN INFLUENCE THE AGRICULTURE IN UKRAINE: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Maidanovych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this work is to review and analyze the main results of modern research on the impact of climate change on the agro-sphere of Ukraine. Results. Analysis of research has shown that the effects of climate change on the agro-sphere are already being felt today and will continue in the future. The observed climate changes in recent decades have already significantly affected the shift in the northern direction of all agro-climatic zones of Europe, including Ukraine. From the point of view of productivity of the agro-sphere of Ukraine, climate change will have both positive and negative consequences. The positives include: improving the conditions of formation and reducing the harvesting time of crop yields; the possibility of effective introduction of late varieties (hybrids), which require more thermal resources; improving the conditions for overwintering crops; increase the efficiency of fertilizer application. Model estimates of the impact of climate change on wheat yields in Ukraine mainly indicate the positive effects of global warming on yields in the medium term, but with an increase in the average annual temperature by 2 ° C above normal, grain yields are expected to decrease. The negative consequences of the impact of climate change on the agrosphere include: increased drought during the growing season; acceleration of humus decomposition in soils; deterioration of soil moisture in the southern regions; deterioration of grain quality and failure to ensure full vernalization of grain; increase in the number of pests, the spread of pathogens of plants and weeds due to favorable conditions for their overwintering; increase in wind and water erosion of the soil caused by an increase in droughts and extreme rainfall; increasing risks of freezing of winter crops due to lack of stable snow cover. Conclusions. Resource-saving agricultural technologies are of particular importance in the context of climate change. They include technologies such as no-till, strip-till, ridge-till, which make it possible to partially store and accumulate mulch on the soil surface, reduce the speed of the surface layer of air and contribute to better preservation of moisture accumulated during the autumn-winter period. And in determining the most effective ways and mechanisms to reduce weather risks for Ukrainian farmers, it is necessary to take into account the world practice of climate-smart technologies.

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