scholarly journals Development of the Road Network in the City of Salt in 2004 and 2016 Using GIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Deaa Al-Deen Amjad Qtaishat ◽  
Abd Al Azez Hdoush ◽  
Eng. Loiy Qasim Alzu’Bi
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Standard Distance ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

The aim of this study is to analyze the structure of the road network in As-Salt City in the period between 2004 and 2016, in order to identify the road employability in terms of the degree of connectivity, rotation, accessibility, and density. The relationship between the social properties and road distribution are also examined through analysis of the network characteristics concerning population distribution. The data used in this study was based on the As-Salt City Municipality Database supported with fieldwork done in 2016. The network analysis approach using GIS was used to calculate the roads employability. The study compares between the results of the analysis using the cognitive model of the road network for the years 2004 and 2016, knowing that the number of nodes in 2004 and 2016 was constant indicating the number of neighborhoods is 20, while the number of links changed from 42 links in 2004 to 50 links in 2016 and the average center of roads was determined, and it was estimated that the average road center is located near the municipality of As-Salt The study indicates that the road network suffers from a low degree of communication and rotation and the standard distance of road sites in the study area. The standard distance for each group was 2338.49 m. There is a disparity in the distribution of road network within As-Salt City, and the proportion of roads lengths dose not suit the population distribution pattern. The neighborhood of Al- Salalem, includes 19.5% of the total number of roads in As-Salt, because the neighborhood of Al-Salalem contains the highest population census and this is accompanied by urban growth, which is necessarily accompanied by the presence of roads. Therefore, it is recommended to have a plan to redistribute the population in the city and to establish new roads to reduce the problems of traffic in the city.

scholarly journals Visualizing the road network topology differences of Istanbul city

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-830
Author(s):  
Umut Erdem ◽  
K. Mert Cubukcu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World City ◽  
The Road ◽  
The City ◽  
Equal Population

This study aims at visualizing the spatial distribution of road network per person in the city of Istanbul, Turkey. As a world city, Istanbul connects two continents and has almost 15 million population. Therefore, the city has a tremendous road network consists of 713,634 edges and 242,545 nodes. The road network is mapped on an equal population distribution cartogram for displaying where the least and the most amount of roads per person exist. These feature graphs might help planners, geographers, decision makers etc. for improving their understandings regarding the network topology of the road network.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF THE CITY TRANSPORT SYSTEM BY MEANS OF SIMULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina A. Buyvol ◽  
Gulnara A. Yakupova ◽  
Irina V. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The City

The transport system plays an important role in human activities and is an integral part of the successful functioning of the urbanized area. The increasing degree of provision of urban residents with transport services should at the same time keep the environment environmentally friendly and sustainable over time. The article is devoted to the issues of ensuring the rational functioning of the city transport system based on the development and implementation of an intelligent road infrastructure management system, the intellectual core of which are simulation models of problem areas of the road network. The objective of the study is the development of tools for organizing traffic in the conditions of the rapid growth of the fleet of vehicles. Research tasks were to analyze the research in the field of traffic management, to consider methods to reduce and prevent traffic jams on roads in general and in individual sections in particular. The following research methods were used: methods of system analysis, methods of modeling traffic flows, simulation, computer experiment. Achievements: the developed simulation model can be used to conduct a computer experiment in order to select the optimal parameters for the functioning of traffic lights on a specific section of the road network of the city of Naberezhnye Chelny

scholarly journals Towards a Rule-driven Approach for Updating Dynamic Road Segments

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Jelokhani-Niaraki ◽  
Ali Asghar Alesheikh ◽  
Abbas Alimohammadi ◽  
Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Dynamic Segmentation ◽  
Transportation Organization ◽  
Manual Tasks ◽  
The City ◽  
Transportation Applications ◽  
Road Segments

In recent years, the development of the GIS-T (Geographic Information System for Transportation) applications has gained much attention, providing the transportation planners and managers with in-depth knowledge to achieve better decisions. Needless to say, developing a successful GIS for transportation applications is highly dependent on the design of a well-structured data model. Dynamic segmentation (DS) data model is a popular one being used more and more for different GIS-T analyses, serving as a data model that splits linear features into new set of segments wherever its attributes change. In most cases, the sets of segments presenting a particular attribute change frequently. Transportation managers place great importance on having regular update and revision of segmented data to ensure correct and precise decisions are made. However, updating the segmented data manually is a difficult task and a time-consuming process to do, demanding an automatic approach. To alleviate this, the present study describes a rule-based method using topological concept to simply update road segments and replace the manual tasks that users are to carry out. The proposed approach was employed and implemented on real road network data of the City of Tehran provided by the Road Maintenance and Transportation Organization (RMTO) of Iran. The practical results demonstrated that the time, cost, human-type errors, and complexity involved in update tasks are all reduced. KEYWORDS: GIS-T, dynamic segmentation, segment, automatic update, change type, rule

Life and death in ancient Hermione. Excavations in the necropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Angeliki Kossyva
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Road ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
The Social ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The City ◽  
East West

The wealth of ancient Hermione is no longer visible: continuous habitation from c. 3000 BC down to the present day has obliterated most traces. Important information on the social organization and economy of Hermione can however be drawn from the tombs that have been unearthed. A large cemetery was discovered in the early 20th century just outside the city gate, stretching along the road leading to ancient Mases and in continuous use for a period of 1,500 years. It covers an area of 1.5 km east–west along the modern Hermione–Kranidi rural road, taking in the terrain to either side to a width of 160 m and extending south to Pron Hill and north to a patch of level ground some 60 m wide. In this article we focus on cemetery finds unearthed in the area south of the present-day Gymnasium-Lykeion school of Hermione, as they typically reflect the urban organization and economic development of the ancient city. These two themes comprise some of the goals pursued in the collaborative research programme between the Ephorate of Antiquities of the Argolid and the Swedish Institute at Athens.

Recopolis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro Olmo Enciso
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
The Road ◽  
Early Medieval Period ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
The City

The foundation of the city of Recopolis on the initiative of King Liuvigild in ad 578 is the clearest material expression of the participation of the Visigothic state in urban development and in the creation of power landscapes. The ex novo construction of the city – city walls, palatial complex, elite houses, commercial and industrial buildings, hierarchical organization of space – and its impact on the wider territory, with the reorganization and renovation of the road network and creation of new rural settlements, was a clear demonstration of political prowess and an expression of the tax-collecting power of the state. Contextualizing these features within the broader landscape helps in understanding the spatial and social inequality that characterized the beginning of the early medieval period.

scholarly journals Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram based Road Network Characteristics Identification and Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 04051
Author(s):  
Yi Yu ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Xianglun Mo ◽  
Yao Yu ◽  
Mei liu
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Link Length ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Road Density ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Flow Equilibrium ◽  
The Relationship

As an inherent property of the road network, macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) method can effectively describe the traffic status of the urban roads and identify the relationship among key factors, such as traffic flow and occupancy. Currently, using MFD is easily affected by various network inner factors including topology and road density, so in this paper we propose a method to identify inner characteristic of road network and do a series of comparisons under different scenarios with fixed traffic input circumstance. The differential impact of data collector setting locations are discussed with a aim to reveal the respective location setting suitable for various networks conditions in initial; then road topology and density are designed in road network and simulated MFD performances with flow equilibrium affections. It is shown as the dispersion decreasing of link length or road density of network, the network exhibits better operation efficiency so as to increase the output of link flow and the dissipative ability of the road network. Meanwhile, the equivalent of entrances and exits is proved as another important factor has same impact on MFD.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Bicycle Network Analysis Based on Traditional Counting Methods and GPS Traces from Smartphone

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Rupi ◽  
Cristian Poliziani ◽  
Joerg Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
The Road ◽  
Total Deviation ◽  
Deviation Index ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Gps Traces ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The City ◽  
Entire Network

This research describes numerical methods to analyze the absolute transport demand of cyclists and then to quantify the road network weaknesses of a city with the aim to identify infrastructure improvements in favor of cyclists. The methods are based on a combination of bicycle counts and map-matched GPS traces and are demonstrated with the city of Bologna, Italy: the dataset is based on approximately 27,500 GPS traces from cyclists, recorded over a period of one month on a volunteer basis using a smartphone application. A first method estimates absolute, city-wide bicycle flows, by scaling map-matched bicycle flows of the entire network to manual and instrumental bicycle counts of the main bikeways of the city. As there is a good correlation between the two sources of flow data, the absolute bike-flows on the entire network have been correctly estimated. A second method describes a novel link-deviation index, which quantifies for each network edge the total deviation generated for cyclists in terms of extra distances traveled with respect to the shortest possible route. The deviations are accepted by cyclists either to avoid unpleasant road attributes along the shortest route or to experience more favorable road attributes along the chosen route. The link deviation index indicates the planner which road links are contributing most to the total deviation of all cyclists – in this way, repelling and attracting road attributes for cyclists can be identified. This is why the deviation index is of practical help to prioritize bike infrastructure construction on individual road network links.

scholarly journals THE USE OF STATISTICAL MODELING TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ROAD NETWORK INTERSECTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Roman V. Andronov ◽  
◽  
Evgeny E. Leverents ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Adaptive Regulation ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The City

The article discusses the issues and results of the use of statistical modeling (one of the types of simulation modeling, the so-called "Monte Carlo" method), to assess the effectiveness of traffic management on the example of the Timofey Charkov st. and Verkhnetarmanskaya st. intersection, located in the city of Tyumen. The results are based on the length of the vehicle queue and traffic delay time for one car in the scenario of widening the intersection’s carriageway and/or the implementation of the adaptive regulation for traffic flows. The calculations were carried out in the "SmartAdaptive+" program developed by the authors, and designed for a technical and economic assessment of the effectiveness of traffic management measures and the use of adaptive regulation and measures to change the road network nodes configuration.

scholarly journals LA MODERNIZACIÓN DE LA CASA BURGUESA EN CUENCA: ESTRATEGIAS DE PROYECTO EN LA CASA PEÑA (1954) Y LA CASA VÁZQUEZ (1962)

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-195
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Carvallo-Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
The Road ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Relations ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The City

Históricamente, la casa se ha constituido como el espacio fundamental que permite la realización de las actividades domésticas, la interrelación familiar y el desarrollo y afianzamiento del yo personal. Diversos autores concuerdan que durante el siglo XX suceden las mayores alteraciones en las estructuras sociales, entornos de ciudades y en la vivienda y sus espacios (Cañar & Torres, 2018); convirtiéndose esta, en el laboratorio de experimentación teórico y de aplicación práctica de los modernos estilos de vida (Añón, 2013). En el Ecuador, las transformaciones sociales, económicas y políticas de inicios de siglo, se dieron paralelamente a las transformaciones tecnológicas y energéticas, las cuales con mayor o menor demora llegaban a Cuenca. La presente investigación plantea estudiar la modernización de la casa burguesa en Cuenca, a partir de la identificación y análisis de las estrategias proyectuales aplicadas, en la casa Peña (1954) y la casa Vázquez (1962), por el Arq. Cesar Burbano Moscoso. Estas viviendas se caracterizaron por la innovación y búsqueda de una nueva manera de habitar, asumiendo los cambios que la ciudad exigió a mediados del siglo XX. En los dos casos se evidencia como la tipología tradicional de casa con patio interior, organizada centralmente y alineada y conectada a la calzada, se invierte y muta en una tipología radicalmente contraria, compuesta por construcciones aisladas y retiradas de la calle, modificando así las relaciones, internas de la casa y con la ciudad. El estudio explora procesos arquitectónicos, enfocando el interés en reconocer criterios y valores que provienen de las obras, así como elementos arquitectónicos y urbanos de un momento particular de la arquitectura cuencana. Palabras clave: Arquitectura moderna, vivienda moderna, transformaciones del espacio doméstico, Cesar Burbano Moscoso, Cuenca-Ecuador. AbstractHistorically, the house has been constituted as the fundamental space that allows the realization of domestic activities, family interrelationship and the development and strengthening of the personal self. Several authors agree that during the twentieth century the greatest alterations in social structures, city environments and housing and its spaces took place (Cañar & Torres, 2018); becoming the laboratory of theoretical experimentation and practical application of modern lifestyles (Añón, 2013). In Ecuador, the social, economic and political transformations at the beginning of the century were parallel to the technological and energy transformations, which with greater or lesser delay reached Cuenca. This research proposes to study the modernization of the bourgeois house in Cuenca, based on the identification and analysis of the applied project strategies, in the Peña House (1954) and the Vázquez House (1962), by the architect Cesar Burbano Moscoso. These houses have been characterized by innovation and the search for a new way of living, assuming the changes  that the city demanded in the mid-twentieth century. In both cases it is evident how the traditional typology of a house with an interior patio, centrally organized, aligned and connected to the road, is inverted and transformed into a radically opposite typology, composedof isolated structures and withdrawn from the street, thus modifying the internal relations to the house and with the city. The study explored architectural processes, approaching the interest in recognizing criteria and values that come from the works, as well as architectural and urban elements of a particular moment of Cuenca architecture. Keywords: Modern architecture, modern housing, transformations of domestic space, Cesar Burbano Moscoso, Cuenca-Ecuador

IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATION OF PASSENGER SERVICE ON THE ROUTE BY USING BUSES OF DIFFERENT CAPACITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Ryabovbov ◽  
R. Ya. Kashmanov
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Volga River ◽  
The Road ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Rational Distribution ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The City

Introduction. The authors propose to use a rational distribution of buses, taking into account their passenger capacity and the hours of the day, in order to optimize the operation of the rolling stock (RS) on the route. The usage of RS low-capacity on routes with significant passenger traffic increases the RS need, the load on the transport network and emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Operation of high-capacity buses on routes with low power passenger traffic leads to the large intervals of movement and to the increase of waiting time for passengers. The authors highlight that on the number and type of buses’ determining it is necessary to take into account the city specifics (on the example of Volgograd), such as the presence of only two main streets with three lanes in each direction, adjacent roads through which the routes pass, one lane direction.The length of the city along the Volga river in total is about 90 km, due to the peculiarities of the road network (RN) of the city, any irrational use of the RS leads to a significant load on the road network, and, as a result, to the congestion on the roads. Nowadays the PS is not operated effectively.On most routes of the city the capacity of RS does not correspond to passenger traffic on the route. Possible way to optimize the use of RS is taking into account the daily load on the road network.Materials and methods. The authors studied the technology of the movement organization of the rolling stock on the № 59 route. In order to optimize the transportation process, the authors used the method of determining the buses’ number by hour of the day on the base of the graph-analytical method. Buses of different capacity were used on this route.Results. The resulting distribution of buses made it possible to combine the interests of carriers and passengers, to increase the efficiency of rolling stock and to reduce the load on the road network.Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the authors present the measures for improving the efficiency of the rolling stock. These measures are the main for improving transport services for population.

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