scholarly journals Epidemiological Studies of Effect of Obesity, Blood Pressure, Total Cholesterol and Fasting Blood Glucose on Aortic Arch Calcification of the Eldely Living at Home in a Localized Community

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-589
Author(s):  
Kazushi OKAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Aortic Arch Calcification ◽  
At Home

scholarly journals Associations of Variability in Metabolic Parameters with Lung Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1982
Author(s):  
In Young Cho ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Dong Wook Shin ◽  
Mi Hee Cho ◽  
Jung Eun Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Metabolic Parameters

We investigated whether visit-to-visit variability in metabolic parameters is associated with lung cancer risk. We used nationally representative data from the Korean National Health Insurance System, and 8,011,209 lung-cancer-free subjects who underwent over three health examinations from 2005 to 2010 were followed until 2017. Variability of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and body weight were measured by the variability independent of the mean, assessed by quartiles. There were 44,982 lung cancer events. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for lung cancer risk was 1.07 (1.04, 1.10) for fasting blood glucose in the highest quartile, 1.08 (1.05, 1.10) for systolic blood pressure, 1.04 (1.01, 1.07) for weight, and 1.11 (1.08, 1.14) for total cholesterol. When comparing ≥3 vs. 0 high-variability metabolic parameters, the HR for lung cancer was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.14, 1.22). However, while ≥3 high-variability parameters showed an increased lung cancer risk in men (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.21, 1.31), women did not show increased risk (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.92, 1.06). High variability in each metabolic parameter, and a higher number of high-variability parameters, were associated with increased lung cancer risk.

scholarly journals The effect of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate on fasting capillary whole blood glucose, total cholesterol, blood pressure and glucocorticoids in healthy overweight and obese subjects

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Almoosawi ◽  
Lorna Fyfe ◽  
Clement Ho ◽  
Emad Al-Dujaili
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Dark Chocolate ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects

Numerous studies indicate that polyphenol-rich chocolate reduces fasting blood glucose, blood pressure (BP) and total cholesterol in healthy individuals and hypertensives with or without glucose intolerance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of two doses of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate (DC) on fasting capillary whole blood glucose, total cholesterol and BP and to examine whether improvements in these parameters are associated with changes in adrenocorticoid excretion in overweight and obese individuals. The study used a randomised, single-blind, cross-over design where fourteen overweight and obese subjects were randomised to either take 20 g DC with 500 mg polyphenols then 20 g DC with 1000 mg polyphenols or vice-versa. Participants followed each diet for 2 weeks separated by a 1-week washout period. It was observed that the 500 mg polyphenol dose was equally effective in reducing fasting blood glucose levels, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) as the 1000 mg polyphenol dose suggesting that a saturation effect might occur with increasing dose of polyphenols. There was also a trend towards a reduction in urinary free cortisone levels with both groups although it did not reach statistical significance. No changes in anthropometrical measurements were seen. We suggest that more research is required to investigate the mechanism(s) by which polyphenol-rich foods influence health.

Epicardial fat thickness as arterial hypertension predictor in normotensive patients with abdominal obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Kuznetsova ◽  
M Druzhilov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Epicardial Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness

Abstract Objective Arterial hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common diseases associated with obesity. Visceral obesity (VO) with dysfunctional visceral adipose tissue plays the main role in obesity induced HTN. Direct criteria of VO including echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness (EFT) may become an additional predictor of HTN. Purpose The aim was to assess the role of echocardiographic EFT (EEFT) as a predictor of HTN in normotensive patients with abdominal obesity (AO). Methods 526 normotensive men (according to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) without therapy) with AO (waist circumference (WC) >94 cm) and SCORE <5%, without cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus were examined (age 45.1±5.0 years). The lipid and glucose profiles, creatinine, uric acid and C-reactive protein blood levels, albuminuria evaluation, echocardiography, carotid ultrasound, bifunctional ABPM were performed. The values of EEFT ≥75 percentile for persons 35–45 years and 46–55 years were 4.8 mm and 5.8 mm respectively. These values used as epicardial VO criteria. Patients with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis due to the lipid-lowering therapy administration (n=98) were excluded from the follow-up. Re-examination with ABPM was conducted on average through 46.3±5.1 months. Data were summarized as mean ± standard error, statistical analysis conducted with paired two-tailed t-tests, Pearson χ2 criterion and multivariate regression analysis. Results Data of 406 persons were available for analysis. HTN as average daily blood pressure ≥130/80 mm Hg was detected in 157 (38.7%) patients. These patients were characterized by initially higher values of age (45.9±4.6 years vs 44.3±4.9 years, p<0.001), waist circumference (106.9±7.3 cm vs 104.2±7.3 cm, p<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (32.0±3.3 kg/m2 vs 30.9±3.2 kg/m2, p<0.001), average daily systolic and diastolic blood pressure (120.7/74.5±4.6/3.4 mm Hg vs 118.2/73.2±5.5/3.9 mm Hg, p<0.001), EEFT (5.2±0.7 mm vs 4.4±1.0 mm, p<0.001). The epicardial VO was initially detected in 95 (23.3%) patients. In patients with HTN the initial prevalence of epicardial VO was greater (58.0% vs 23.3%, p<0.001). As predictors for the multivariate regression analysis the clinical and laboratory examinations data and EEFT were evaluated. According to the results a mathematical model for estimating the probability HTN was obtained: 0.696*fasting blood glucose + 0.198*systolic BP + 2.844*EFT – 40.166 (constant). Among these predictors EEFT was characterized by the highest standardized regression coefficient (0.302, p<0.001) (0.295, p<0.01 for fasting blood glucose, 0.035, p<0.001 for systolic BP). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test value was 0.863, the total percentage of correct classifications was 86%, the area under the ROC-curve was 0.913. Conclusions EEFT (4.8 mm for persons 35–45 years and 5.8 mm for persons 46–55 years) may be an additional predictor of HTN in normotensive patients with AO. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Diet-Induced Obesity Promotes the Upregulation of Fas Expression on T-cells

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Tawanda Maurice Nyambuya ◽  
Phiwayinkosi Vusi Dludla ◽  
Bongani Brian Nkambule
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Body Weights

This study was conducted to assess the expression of Fas (CD95) and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) on circulating T-cells in obesity using a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Furthermore, we aimed to determine if there are any associations between metabolic disorders and the expression of T-cell regulatory markers. A total of 12 male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into either a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) group for 8 weeks (n = 6/group). Changes in body weights were monitored on a weekly basis. The lipid, glucose, and hematological profiles, as well as Fas and PD1 expression on the T-cell immunophenotype, were measured after 8 weeks of feeding. The HFD-fed group had a higher percentage weight gain (29.17%) in comparison with the LFD-fed group (21.74%) after the 8-week period. In addition, the HFD group had increased fasting glucose and glucose excursion following a 2-h postprandial period. The levels of total cholesterol were elevated in the HFD group when compared with the LFD group (p < 0.05). Notably, the absolute white cell count (p = 0.0096), neutrophil count (p = 0.0022, lymphocytes (p = 0.0155), and monocyte count (p = 0.0015) were elevated in the HFD group when compared with the LFD-fed group. However, the platelets (0.0680), red cell counts (0.3575), and their indices (p > 0.05) were comparable between the two groups. Interestingly, HFD feeding was associated with elevated expression of Fas on T-cells (p < 0.0001), which positively correlated with body weights (r = 0.93, p = 0.0333). No associations were found between Fas expression and dyslipidemia or fasting blood glucose levels (p > 0.05). The multivariant regression analysis showed that the association between the levels of Fas on T-cells and body weights (coefficient: −1.00, t-value: 19.27, p = 0.0330) was independent of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and lymphocyte count. Lastly, the expression of PD-1 on T-cells was comparable between the two diet groups (p = 0.1822). In all, immune activation, dyslipidemia, and poor glucose control in the early stages of obesity may drive the pathogenesis of metabolic T-cell disorders. Importantly, T-cell dysfunction in obesity is partially mediated by an upregulation of Fas which is independent of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF MOXONIDINE VERSUS AMLODIPINE ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN OBESE HYPERTENSIVES

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Maninder Kansal ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Kirti Kirti ◽  
Suraj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Amlodipine Group

Background: High blood pressure is frequently associated with metabolic alterations such as insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidaemia and obesity. Moxonidine, a selective imidazoline receptor agonist, reduces activity of sympathetic nervous system and lowers blood pressure, and has been shown to have benecial effects on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The present study has been conducted to evaluate antihypertensive efcacy of moxonidine and compare it with amlodipine in mild to moderate hypertension in obese patients. Methods: This was an open-label randomized study. Patients were divided into two groups of 50 patients each, rst group was given amlodipine 5 mg daily and the second group was given moxonidine 0.2 mg once daily. At the end of 8 weeks, the therapeutic effects of both regimes on blood pressure in obese patients with stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension were compared and also with lipid prole, fasting sugars and microalbuminuria. Results: The study involved 100 participants with a mean age of 51.12±6.25 years and 48.88±5.15 years in moxonidine group and amlodipine group, respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction was signicant in both groups at 8-weeks (p<0.001). The reduction in FBS (p=0.008), total cholesterol (p=0.04), serum triglycerides (p<0.001) and increase in HDL (p=0.02) were all signicant in moxonidine group, but LDL reduction was not signicant. In amlodipine group, change in FBS, total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, HDL and LDL levels were all insignicant. There was also signicant reduction in microalbuminuria in moxonidine group. Conclusion: Moxonidine and amlodipine are equally effective antihypertensives and safe in obese hypertensives. Moxondine has additional favourable effects on lipid prole (serum cholesterol, TGs and LDL), fasting blood glucose and microalbuminuria.

scholarly journals The Role of Bioactive Compounds from Dietary Spices in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome: An Overview

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Dana Hasan Alkhatib ◽  
Abdul Jaleel ◽  
Maryam Naveed Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Jack Feehan ◽  
Vasso Apostolopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lifestyle Changes

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of physiologically dysregulated parameters that can include elevated fasting blood glucose, high blood pressure, central obesity, increased triglyceride levels, insulin resistance, diabetes, elevated low density lipoprotein levels, and reduced high density lipoprotein levels in the blood. Effective clinical management of MetS is critical as it is strongly associated with long lasting and fatal complications in patients. Alongside standard care of lifestyle changes and medication, dietary supplements derived from herbal resources could be an alternative therapeutic strategy that is safe, efficient, culturally acceptable, and has few side effects. Of the dietary supplements, spicy foods have always been considered a great source of functional bioactive compounds. Herbal therapy is broadly used in many countries as a treatment or as a preventive measure in the management of MetS risk factors, including blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid levels. Herein, an attempt is made to evaluate the recent studies in the management of MetS with herbal alternatives, and to explore the possibility of their use as therapeutic treatments or supplements.

scholarly journals METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio in Chinese adults: A cross-sectional REACTION study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanlu Su ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Songyan Yu ◽  
Kang Chen ◽  
Wenhua Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio

Abstract BackgroundThe metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a novel noninsulin-based metabolic index used as a substitution marker of insulin resistance. However, whether METS-IR is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) is not well known. Therefore, we explored the associations between METS-IR and UACR and compared the discriminative ability of METS-IR and its components for elevated UACR. MethodsThis study included 37,290 subjects. METS-IR was calculated as follows: (Ln [2 × fasting blood glucose (FBG) + fasting triglyceride level (TG 0 )] × body mass index (BMI))/[Ln (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C))]. Participants were divided into four groups on the basis of METS-IR: <25%, 25%–49%, 50%–74%, and ≥75%. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between METS-IR vs. its components (FBG, TG 0 , BMI, and HDL-C) with UACR. ResultsParticipants with the highest quartile METS-IR presented a more significant trend towards elevated UACR than towards its components (odds ratio [OR]: 1.260, 95% CI: 1.152–1.378, P < 0.001 in all subjects; OR: 1.321, 95% CI: 1.104–1.579, P = 0.002 in men; OR: 1.201, 95% CI: 1.083–1.330, P < 0.001 in women). There were significant associations between METS-IR and UACR in younger participants (<65 years for women and 55–64 years for men). Increased METS-IR was significantly associated with UACR in men with FBG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or postprandial blood glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/L and systolic blood pressure ≥ 120 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg. The relationships were significant in women with diabetes and hypertension.ConclusionsIncreased METS-IR was significantly associated with elevated UACR, and its discriminative power for elevated UACR was superior to that of its components. This findings support the clinical significance of METS-IR for evaluating renal function damage.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CONCURRENT TRAINING ON MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE WOMEN

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Renata Emilia Marques Aguiar ◽  
Cauê Vazquez La Scala Teixeira ◽  
Heverton Paulino ◽  
José Rodrigo Pauli ◽  
Alessandra Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Functional Fitness

Aerobic and resistance exercise have been prescript to prevention and non pharmacological treatment of hypertension. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of concurrent training in hypertensive women. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of concurrent training program on rest blood pressure, biochemical variables (blood glucose and total cholesterol) , anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference) and functional fitness in hypertensive women. Eighteen hypertensive postmenopausal and untrained women (59±12 years old) started in the intervention, but only ten subjects finished. The voluntaries were enrolled in concurrent training, 60 min/day, 3 times a week, during 6 months. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, body mass index, waist circumference and functional fitness (AAPHERD) were measured pre and post experimental period. Data were analyzed using the Student’s t test with significance level set at 5% (P?0.05) and Cohen's Effect Size (ES). The results showed significant improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest. The other variables did not show significantly changes, but the ES was medium and large for several variables (body mass index, blood glucose, total cholesterol, agility, coordination, aerobic fitness, strength endurance and general functional fitness index). In conclusion, this study confirms that 6 month of concurrent training program improved systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive women. In addition, the protocol suggests an improvement in anthropometric, biochemical and functional variables related to health.

Abstract P105: Greater 24 Hour Blood Pressure Variability is Associated With Higher 24 Hour Systolic Blood Pressure and Glucose Independent of Age and Large Elastic Artery Stiffness in Normotensive Adults

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsey E DuBose ◽  
Seth W Holwerda ◽  
Amy K Stroud ◽  
Nealy A Wooldridge ◽  
Janie E Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Elastic Artery

Older age is associated with elevated large elastic artery stiffness, a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CVD) risk in middle-age/older (MA/O) adults independent of blood pressure (BP). Greater 24-hour systolic BP variability (BPV) is also an independent risk factor for CVD and is linked to large artery stiffness in MA/O adults with hypertension and diabetes. However, its relation to age-related arterial stiffness in adults with low risk factor burden is unclear. We hypothesized that higher systolic BPV would be: 1) associated with advancing age, and 2) related to elevated aortic and carotid artery stiffness among healthy MA/O adults. To determine this, 98 healthy adults (ages 19-70 yrs) with measurements of systolic BPV (standard deviation of 24 hr systolic BP) via ambulatory BP monitoring, aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, cfPWV), carotid artery stiffness (β-stiffness via carotid tonometry/B mode ultrasound) and circulating metabolic factors were included. In the entire cohort, greater systolic BPV was not associated with age, cfPWV, carotid β stiffness or circulating lipids/glucose (all P>0.05), but was correlated (age-adjusted) with 24 hr systolic BP (r= 0.41, P<0.001) and BMI (r= 0.21, P<0.05). In stepwise linear regression analyses that included age, sex, BMI, only 24 hr systolic BP was associated with systolic BPV (β= 0.14 ± 0.03, Model R 2 = 0.20, P< 0.001). Interestingly, there was no difference in 24 hr systolic BPV (11.4 ± 0.4 vs 11.4 ± 0.5 SD mmHg, P=0.99) in young (n=55; 29.0 ± 0.7 yrs) vs. MA/O (n= 43; 53.0 ± 1.2 yrs) adults despite higher cfPWV (594 ± 12 vs 913 ± 39 cm/sec, P<0.001), carotid β-stiffness (6.8 ± 0.6 vs 9.3 ±0.9 U, P=0.001) and 24 hr systolic BP (121 ± 1 vs 125 ± 2 mmHg, P<0.05). Systolic BPV was associated with BMI (r= 0.42, p< 0.01) and fasting blood glucose (r= 0.54, P= 0.001) in MA/O but not young adults. In a stepwise linear regression model among MA/O, 24 hr systolic BP (β= 0.18 ± 0.04, R 2 = 0.36, P<0.001) and fasting glucose (β= 0.10 ± 0.05, R 2 change= 0.07, P<0.001) were the only significant correlates of systolic BPV (Model R 2 = 0.43, P<0.001). In conclusion, 24 hr systolic BP and fasting blood glucose, but not age or large elastic artery stiffness, were the strongest determinants of higher systolic BPV in normotensive MA/O adults.

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