scholarly journals Towards making willows pilot species for coppicing production

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urban Gullberg
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Key Words Genetics ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Selection Of

Long and short term breeding of willows for energy production in Sweden and basic research related to these activities is presented. The strategy is to concentrate on one species, S. viminalis, to functionally separate long and short-term breeding and to emphasize general biological research on Salix. In the long term breeding we have a sub-divided breeding population where we aim for inbreeding in the sublines. The selection of cultivars is based on both family and individual selection and cloning is used in this process. The basic research is concerned with the components of growth, the genetics of small populations and host-parasite interaction. Key words: genetics, long term breeding, S. viminalis, subdivided breeding population, components of growth, small populations, host-parasite interaction.

scholarly journals Investigating Investment, Inflation, Trade-Openness and Economic Progress Nexus for Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol V (IV) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Aftab Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Masood Anwar ◽  
Ghulam Yahya Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Critical Measure ◽  
Selection Of Variables ◽  
Guide Lines ◽  
Selection Of

Since inflation and trade openness rate are considered as critical measure of an economy's health. This article analyze the relation of Economic growth with Investment, Inflation and Trade Openness of Pakistan for 1970- 2019. The policy guide lines from analysis include promotion of policies to increase Investment and Trade-openness in short and long-terms. The study used ARDL bound-testing for long-term and Un-Restricted-Error Correction techniques to discover short-term interrelation amongst a selection of variables. Results of study revealed inflation negatively related to economic performance and positively linked to Investment and Trade-Openness. Findings of enquiry suggested government should focus more on investment friendly policies in the country.

scholarly journals Production of Synseed for Hybrid Cymbidium Using Protocorm-Like Bodies

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Synthetic Seed ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Short Term ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Dark Culture ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Synthetic seed were produced from protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’ after culture on a new medium, Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium. This new medium contained, in addition to a unique selection of macro- and micronutrients, 0.1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.1 mg/l kinetin, 2 g/l tryptone and 20 g/l sucrose, and was solidified with 8 g/l Bacto agar. Several explant types and sizes (intact PLBs, half-PLBs, PLB longitudinal thin cell layers) were tested. In addition, pretreatment of PLB-synseeds with 200 mM KNO3 solution, the addition of activated charcoal or coconut water to synseeds, light vs dark culture, short-term (1 month) and long-term (6 and 12 months) low-temperature (4°C) storage, as well as cryostorage were also tested. All treatments resulted in less PLBs than the control treatment. Among all these treatments, only the use of TC medium or incorporation of coconut water into synseeds resulted in “germination” while lowtemperature storage (1-6 months) was only possible under liquid TC. These results would allow for the short-term preservation of Cymbidium germplasm but not for effective cryopreservation.

scholarly journals Physics of Relativistic Jets on Sub-Milliarcsecond Scales

1984 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Martin J. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
Short Term ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Extended Sources ◽  
Vlbi Data

The observed superluminal components have (deprojected) lengths of ~ 1020 cm, and imply relativistic bulk motions on these scales. There are, however, persuasive reasons for attributing the primary energy production to scales 1014–1015 cm. Moreover, the initial bifurcation and collimation must also be imposed on these small scales if the long-term stability of the jet axis in extended sources is due to the gyroscopic effect of a spinning black hole (Rees 1978). The issues I shall address in this talk are: how the jet gets from ~ 1015cm to ~ 1019 cm; and what VLBI data can tell us about the properties of galactic nuclei on scales below ~ 1019 cm — scales where optical and X-ray studies provide some evidence, but where there is no short-term hope of achieving spatial resolution.

scholarly journals Identification of a New Variety of Avocados (Persea americana Mill. CV. Bacon) with High Vitamin E and Impact of Cold Storage on Tocochromanols Composition

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Vincent ◽  
Tania Mesa ◽  
Sergi Munne-Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Short Term ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Nutritional Vitamin ◽  
Selection Of

(1) Background: Tocochromanols are a group of fat-soluble compounds including vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) and plastochromanol-8, and just one avocado can contain up to 20% of the required vitamin E daily intake. (2) Methods: HPLC and LC-MS/MS analyses were performed in avocados of various varieties and origin for the identification and quantification of tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8. After selection of the variety with the highest vitamin E content, we evaluated to what extent short- (4 h) and long-term (10 d) cold storage influences the accumulation of tocochromanols. (3) Results: Analyses revealed that “Bacon” avocados (Persea americana Mill. cv. Bacon) were the richest in vitamin E compared to other avocado varieties (including the highly commercialized Hass variety), and they not only accumulated tocopherols (with 110 µg of α-tocopherol per g dry matter), but also tocotrienols (mostly in the form of γ-tocotrienol, with 3 µg per g dry matter) and plastochromanol-8 (4.5 µg per g dry matter). While short-term cold shock did not negatively influence α-tocopherol contents, it increased those of γ-tocopherol, γ-tocotrienol, and plastochromanol-8 and decreased those of δ-tocotrienol. Furthermore, storage of Bacon avocados for 10 d led to a 20% decrease in the contents of α-tocopherol, whereas the contents of other tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8 were not affected. (4) Conclusions: It is concluded that Bacon avocados (i) are very rich in α-tocopherol, (ii) not only contain tocopherols, but also tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8, and (iii) their nutritional vitamin E value is negatively influenced by long-term cold storage.

Control Strategy of Soluble Boron-Free Operation for a Small PWR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangwen Bi ◽  
Chuntao Tang ◽  
Bo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Control Rod ◽  
Burnable Poison ◽  
Power Operation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Power Distribution Control ◽  
Selection Of

Elimination of soluble boron will be a challenge to reactor operation for PWR. This paper is to promote a control strategy of soluble boron-free operation for a small PWR, through selection of burnable poison (BP), BP loading and control rod loading, based on the reactivity balance and manage requirement. The analysis for on-power operation and shutdown condition indicated that this strategy could be suitable for long-term and short-term reactivity and power distribution control for soluble boron-free operation.

scholarly journals Management of Labor Motivation of Research Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-237
Author(s):  
Vadim Lazutkin
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Research Personnel ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Scientific Personnel ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Selection Of

The specifics of research and academic profession presuppose special approaches to personnel management and motivation. The selection of adequate motivational tools is often done by trial and error. The paper attempts to substantiate short-term and long-term methods of motivating scientific personnel. The experiment featured the case of a Russian biotechnological company, whose personnel underwent S. Ritchie and P. Martin’s Motivational Profile Test. The dominant factors of job satisfaction included self-development opportunities, recognition, ambitious goals, creative tasks, etc. The authors developed some ways for the further development of methods for motivating research personnel.

The Use of the Sonicguide in Infancy

1982 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Aitken ◽  
T. G. R. Bower
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Long Term Studies

This study investigates the use of an ultrasonic sonar device—the Sonicguide™—by blind infants. Both short-term studies, lasting up to three days, and long-term studies, lasting up to two years, are reported. The importance of the selection of strict criteria for evaluating “use” of the device is emphasized. Using such criteria, age differences in ability to make effective use of the information provided by the device were found. These findings have important implications for any future intervention programs with blind infants.

A perspective on billfish biological research and recommendations for the future

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim N. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Pelagic Ecosystem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pelagic Fishes ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Electronic Tags ◽  
Made In

A review of papers published on billfish biological research since the 1988 Billfish Symposium highlights the important role these symposia play in disseminating billfish research results and also shows that progress since 1988 has been slow, especially when compared with tuna and other pelagic fishes. One reason for the disparity is that marlin have not yet been successfully held in captivity. Progress has been made in elucidating the trophic biology of billfish and these data are helping to build models of pelagic ecosystem dynamics. The deployment of several types of electronic tags has expedited advances in understanding the short-term movements and depth distribution of billfish, but long-term tracks remain elusive. In part, this may be because insufficient effort has been directed at developing methods for restraining marlin for tag attachment or implantation. Light-based geolocation techniques show great promise for elucidating billfish movements, but appropriate scientific rigour must be applied to the publication of these data. Several suggestions for advancing billfish research are presented.

scholarly journals Diet selection and animal state: an integrative framework

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Kyriazakis ◽  
Bert J. Tolkamp ◽  
Gerry Emmans
Keyword(s):  
Internal State ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
State Affect ◽  
Selection Of

In the present paper we deal with the problems of explaining and predicting diet selection of animals under controlled conditions, i.e. conditions that can be described and in which any influences of the environment can be either controlled or at least monitored. Diet selection is considered within an integrative framework of feeding behaviour that views both food intake and diet selection as an outcome of the animal's internal state and knowledge of the feeding environment. Three questions that arise from the framework are considered: (1) how do animals learn about foods available to them as a choice? (2) what changes in internal state affect diet selection? (3) how much time is needed for a change in the animal's internal state to be detected and for it to react to this change through a modification of its diet selection? It is proposed that animals have developed behavioural mechanisms that allow them to recognize foods on the basis of their nutritional as well as other properties. The rate at which animals learn about foods depends largely on the extent of the animal's deficiency and on the extent of the post-ingestive consequences induced by the foods. There is little evidence that animals modify their diet selection in response to short-term systemic fluctuation of their internal environment. On the other hand, long-term changes in the internal state of the animal lead to consequent long-term changes in diet selection. The time needed for a change in diet selection to be observed depends on the deviation created in the animal's internal state, either as a result of a physiological change or as a consequence of feeding. Thus, a more appropriate question to consider is not 'what time period matters to the animal?' but 'how much change or deviation in the internal state is the animal prepared to accept?'

scholarly journals A multiobjective short-term optimal operation model for a cascade system of reservoirs considering the impact on long-term energy production

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 3353-3369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Xu ◽  
Ping-An Zhong ◽  
Zachary Stanko ◽  
Yunfa Zhao ◽  
William W.-G. Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Operation Model ◽  
Cascade System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
The Impact
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