FEASIBILITY STUDY RESULT ON INTRODUCING MILK THISTLE (SILYBUMMARIANUM L.) IN MONGOLIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
L Batmunkh ◽  
S Ariunaa ◽  
B Batdelger

Milk thistle, Silybummarianum (L.)Gaertn.,is grown throughout the world for its hepatoprotectant flavonolignans, known collectively as silymarin. Silymarin is found primarily in the seeds. Milk thistle was grown outdoor field for determination of plant growth, seed yield under various variants of row spacing (30x20, 40x20 and 50x20) and different sowing dates (May 20, May 30 and June 10). Plant height measured (ranging from 43.5-82.6cm)and yield (ranging from 5.24-70.31cg/ha) that there was a significant difference among different sowing dates and row spacing.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 73-75

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Karimzedah ◽  
R. Omidbaigi ◽  
Bakhshai D.

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) has been used in medicine since ancient times, but it has been cultivated as a medicinal plant only in recent decades. The ripe fruit of milk thistle contains flavonoids, which are used to prepare anti-hepatotoxic drugs. The main purpose of this study was to substantiate the effects of irrigation and row spacing on growth, seed yield and the content of active substances (silybin and silymarin) in milk thistle. The results showed that the suitable amount of irrigation was 20 mm and the appropriate row spacing was 25 cm.  


Author(s):  
Shivangi Negi ◽  
Narender K. Bharat ◽  
Manish Kumar

The effect of seed biopriming with different bioagents including plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR-1), rhizobial biofertilizer (Rhizobium strain B1) and biological control agent (Trichoderma viride) was observed on plant growth, seed yield and incidence of diseases in French bean cv. Contender conducting a field experiment during kharif season in the year 2017 and 2018. Under field conditions in both the years, field emergence (95.18 %), plant height at 30 days after sowing (34.09 cm), plant height at final harvest (56.99 cm), days to pod harvest (52.33), harvest duration (18.67), pod length at final harvest (16.83 cm), number of pods per plant (20.17), dry pod weight (2.72 g), pod yield per plant (38.64 g), number of seeds per pod (7.17), seed yield per plant (20.76 g), seed yield per plot (875.33 g), seed yield per hectare (23.34 q), 100 seed weight (34.19 g), quality of harvested seeds were recorded significantly higher after seed biopriming with PGPR-1+ Rhizobium strain B1 (T4) as compared to carbendazim seed treatment and untreated control. This treatment combination also reduced the incidence of major diseases like, Rhizoctonia root rot and Angular leaf spot significantly as compared to carbendazim seed treatments and untreated control. It can be concluded from the present investigation that seed biopriming of French bean cv. Contender with PGPR-1+Rhizobium strain B1 @ 109cfu/ml for 8 hours was an effective treatment which significantly improved plant growth, pod yield, seed yield, seed quality and seed vigour and reduced disease incidence as compared to seed treatment with carbendazim @ 0.2% as well as untreated control under field conditions.


1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Khalifa

SUMMARYAn experiment was carried out over a 3-year period at two locations in the central rainlands of Sudan under rainfed conditions at one site and under supplementary irrigation at the other to study the effects of cultivars and cultural practices on growth and grain yield of sunflower. Four cultivars, namely, Manohurian, Peredovik, Hungarian-A and Hungarian-B and four intra-row spacings of 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm (in rows 60 cm apart) were tested with three sowing dates starting on 15 July and following at 15-day intervals. Manchurian outyielded the other three varieties under supplementary irrigation whereas under rainfed conditions the reverse was true. This was attributed to the relative earliness in flowering of the varieties and their moisture requirements. Manchurian was the tallest with the thickest stem and a larger head at both locations compared with the other three varieties. Under rainfed conditions, the early sowing date of 15 July gave a significantly higher grain yield than the other two sowing dates, with the last sowing date of 15 August giving significantly least. This is attributed to decreasing moisture availability with delayed sowings. But under supplementary irrigation the effect of sowing date was less marked. Contrasting effects of sowing dates on plant height and stem circumference were obtained under the two systems of production. Under rainfed conditions there was a decrease in plant height and stem circumference with delayed sowing, whereas under supplementary irrigation the reverse was true. A contrasting response of plant height to spacing was also obtained; wider intra-row spacing was associated with taller plants under rainfed conditions and shorter plants under supplementary irrigation. Wider spacing was associated with thicker stems and larger heads at both locations. On the evidence obtained, 45 cm intra-row spacing is recommended for rainfed planting and 30 cm intra-row spacing for irrigated production of sunflower.


Author(s):  
Abhishek Panwar ◽  
Ashok K. Thakur ◽  
Pramod Sharma ◽  
Shivangi Negi ◽  
Cherry Nalwa ◽  
...  

Background: Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a major bulbous vegetable as well as condiment of family Alliaceae grown in India, originated in Iran and Pakistan. Seed pelleting is a mechanism of applying various materials to the seed that can enhance the seed quality with respect to physiological, physical and health attributes. Seed pelleting make it easy to handle small and irregular shaped seeds.Methods: The present investigation was conducted in the field of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan during seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Result: This experiment comprised of pelleted seeds with different botanicals carried out to determine the effect of sowing dates and seed pelleting and their interactions on plant growth, yield and quality of bulb crop. All the factors in the experiment as well as their interactions showed significant influence on plant growth, yield and yield contributing characters in onion. The seeds pelleted with Azadirechta indica leaf powder + clay and Melia azedarach leaf powder + clay sown directly showed maximum values w.r.t. emergence (91.50 %), plant height at 60 days after sowing (35.35 cm), average leaf length (38.43cm), number of leaves per plant (8.67), number of days to harvesting (233.49), polar diameter (46.72 mm), equatorial diameter (57.77 mm), bulb size index (2699.74 ), neck thickness (12.12 mm), number of bulb per plot (89.00) average bulb weight (75.24 g), bulb yield (6.67 kg per plot or 400.01 q per ha), plant height before neck fall stage (58.55 cm). From the present studies, it can be concluded that onion seeds pelleted with Azadirechta indica leaf powder + clay and Melia azedarach leaf powder + clay showed significant effects for enhancing bulb quality, growth, quality and yield of bulb crop raised through direct seeding.


2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
E.K. Eifediyi ◽  
F.O. Ogedegbe ◽  
N.B. Izuogu ◽  
C.A. Adedokun ◽  
A. Katibi ◽  
...  

Abstract The Guinea savannah zone of Nigeria is beset by increasing population and infrastructural development, thereby putting pressure on available land with rapidly declining fertility due to low organic matter content, soil erosion, high temperature and seasonal bush burning. Sesame is cultivated in this zone and the yield has remained very low, compared to yield in other parts of the world. This could be attributed to poor nutrient status and poor cultural practices used by peasant farmers. A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, in a southern Guinea savannah zone in 2015 and repeated in 2016 cropping season to determine the effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a plant growth regulator and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of sesame. The experiment was laid out as a factorial arrangement, fitted into a randomized complete block design replicated thrice. The factors imposed were 2,4-D (0, 5 and 10 ppm ha−1) and NPK 15:15:15 (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha−1). Data were collected on vegetative traits (plant height, number of leaves, leaf area) and yield components (number of capsules per plant; yield per plant and per hectare). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the Genstat statistical package 17th edition and significant means were separated by using the least significant difference at 5% level of probability. The result revealed that using plant growth regulator and NPK fertilizer had significant effects (p<0.05) on plant height (151 cm) and yield per hectare (530 kg/ha). The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the seeds further reaffirmed the presence of bioactive compounds, such as saponins, tannins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which are important health promoting food in the seeds.


Author(s):  
Magdalena Borowska ◽  
Janusz Prusiński

The article presents the effect of three sowing dates on the growth, development and yielding of four soybean cultivars of different earliness and under different temperature and precipitation conditions across the years. The seed yield from early sowing significantly correlated with the total precipitation in June and July, and at later dates, also with the total precipitation in August. The significantly highest soybean yields were collected from the sowing at a turn of April and May, and the highest seed and protein yield, as well as protein content in seed, were recorded for the mid-early Merlin cultivar. Neither the number and the seed weight per pod nor the 1 000-seed weight significantly depended on the sowing date. Over years, a significant, almost linear decrease in the plant height and the first pod setting height, the weight of nodules, the protein yield and the LAI (leaf area index) value was observed. High significant correlations were found between the seed yield and the plant height and the first pod setting height, as well as between the seed number and the seed weight per pod and the 1 000-seed weight as well as between the plant height and the first pod setting height.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Arie Hapsani Hasan Basri ◽  
Mahmudah Mahmudah

The main roles of plant growth was nutrition. This research aims to determine the concentration of nutrients that can provide the best growth and yield on various mustard. The research method  used is a factorial Complete Randomized Design (RBD) with three replications and then analyzed using the Least Significant Difference test (LSD) at a level of 5%. The treatment of vegetable types is as follows: S1 = mustard pakchoy, S2 = mustard samhong, S3 = mustard pagoda, S4 = mustard pakchoy mini. Treatment with nutrition is the AB mix fertilizerzs number of leaves solution as follows: N1 = 1000 ppm, N2 = 1200 ppm, N3 = 1400 ppm, N4 = 1600 ppm, N5 = 1800 ppm. The results showed that plant height, number of leaves, leaf width and wet weight of the pagoda and mini pakchoy plants were not significantly different at 1000 ppm, 1200 ppm, 1400 ppm, 1600 ppm and 1800 ppm. Number of leaves of pakchoy significantly different at 1400 ppm. While the number of leaves and leaf width of samhong plants were not significantly different at each treatment, but were significantly different from plant height at 1600 ppm and significantly different from the wet weight at 1400 ppm


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Vu Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thuy Trang Nguyen ◽  
Thi My Chi Vo ◽  
Thanh Son Dao

Recently, the agricultural, industrial and mining activities have led to increase in contaminant emission. Trace metals or herbicides are among the pollutants to be concerned in the world. In this study we evaluated the effects of the herbicide atrazine (at the concentrations of 5, 50 and500 µg L-1) and its combination with copper (Cu, 50 µg L-1) and chromium (Cr, 50 µg L-1) on duckweed over the period of 10 days in the laboratory conditions. We found that 50 and 500 µg atrazine L-1 severely impacted on the growth or even caused the death of the plants, whereas there was no statistically significant difference in the duckweed growth rate between the 5 µg atrazine L-1 exposure and control. In the combined treatments (50 µg atrazine L-1 with Cu; with Cr or with both Cu and Cr), the plant growth rate of atrazine with either Cu or Cr was strongly reduced. However, the mixture of atrazine with Cu and Cr did not significantly decrease the development and growth rate of duckweed. Besides, atrazine and investigated heavy metals resulted in turning whiteof duckweek leaves that evidence ofthe chlorophyll degradation. Our results showed the negative influences of the herbicide atrazine and metals on development and morphology of duckweed. Gần đây, những hoạt động nông nghiệp, công nghiệp và khai khoáng đã và đang dẫn đến sự gia tăng phát thải các chất gây ô nhiễm. Kim loại nặng hoặc thuốc diệt cỏ là những chất gây ô nhiễm đang được quan tâm trên thế giới. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đánh giá ảnh hưởng của thuốc diệt cỏ atrazine (nồng độ 5, 50 và 500 µg/L) và sự kết hợp của chất này với đồng (Cu, 50 µg/L) và crom (Cr, 50 µg/L) lên bèo tấm trong thời gian 10 ngày trongđiều kiện phòng thí nghiệm. Chúng tôi nhận thấy atrazine tại nồng độ 50 và 500 µg/L đã gây nên những ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng lên sự phát triển hay thậm chí làm cho bèo tấm bị chết, trong khi đó, không ghi nhận được bất kì sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê về tốc độ tăng trưởng của bèo tấm giữa lô thí nghiệm phơi nhiễm 5 µg atrazine / L và lô đối chứng. Trong những lô phơi nhiễm kết hợp (50 µg atrazine / L với Cu, với Cr hoặc với đồng thời Cu và Cr), tốc độ tăng trưởng của bèo tấm khi phơi nhiễm với atrazine và Cu hoặc Cr bị giảm mạnh, tuy nhiên, việc phơi nhiễm đồng thời atrazine với Cu và Cr đã không làm giảm đáng kể sự phát triển và tốc độ tăng trưởng của bèo tấm. Bên cạnh đó, atrazine và kim loại nặng đã làm cho màu của lá bèo tấm chuyển sang màu trắng, điều này chứng tỏ có sự suy giảm chlorophyll. Kết quả nghiên cứu này đã cho thấy những ảnh hưởng tiêu cựccủa thuốc diệt cỏ atrazine và kim loại lên sự phát triển và hình thái của bèo tấm.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Haddadi ◽  
Masoud Mohseni

To study effect of sowing pattern and nitrogen on maize silage yield and its dependents components a trial was done at split-split plot design in compeletly randomized block at four replications in Qrakheil(Qaemshahr) agricultural research station in 2015 in Iran. Row spacing was chosen as main plots including: 65cm, 75cm and 85cm.Two cultivars (Sc704 and Sc770) in sub plots and three levels of N (250, 350 and 450 kg ha1) in sub-sub plots were laid out. Silage forage yield, ear and dry ear yield, leaf and dry leaf yield, plant dry weight and stem and dry stem weight,plant height , ear height,kernel number in ear row and row number in ear were measured.The results indicated that row spacing, were not affected on investigated traits. While nitrogen effected on silage yield, ear and dry ear yield, leaf and dry leaf yield, plant dry weight and stem and dry stem weight, plant height and ear height and showed significant difference. Sc704 had significant difference on plant silage weight, dry and wet stem weight with Sc770. Amount of 350kg/ha nitrogen was caused the most silage yield (36.74t/ha) and plant dry weight (16.64 t/ha) that had not significant difference with usage of 450kg/ha nitrogen(16.46 t/ha). Amount of 450kg/ha nitrogen was caused the most silage yield (37.30t/ha) that had not significant difference with usage of 350kg/ha nitrogen (36.74 t/ha). The most silage yield (38.21t/ha) obtained from Sc704 that was better than Sc770 (34.22 t/ha). The most plant dry weight (16.54) obtained from Sc704 that had not significant difference with Sc770 (15.92 t/ha).


1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
BC Imrie ◽  
KL Butler

Thirty mung bean (Vigna radiata) accessions were grown in replicated hill plots at two sites in each of 2 years. Plant height, days to flower and to harvest, and seed yield were recorded for each plot. In an analysis of variance most main effects and interactions were statistically significant. Estimated variance due to environment exceeded that due to genotypes for all characters. Broad sense heritability of seed yield was 0.07. The linear regression of seed yield on plant height was statistically significant, and there was a significant quadratic effect of yield on days to flower. It was concluded that environmental effects on the duration of growth phases were likely to be mainly due to the effect of different sowing dates on photoperiod-sensitive accessions, while rainfall variability most likely contributed to yield variance. Emphasis in an evaluation program should be on sampling years rather than locations.


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