scholarly journals Effects of vitamins, temperature and pH on the biomass production by ectomycorrhizal fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Pokojska ◽  
Maria Kampert ◽  
Henryk Różycki ◽  
Edmund Strzelczyk
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Suillus Bovinus ◽  
Hebeloma Crustuliniforme ◽  
Pisolithus Arhizus ◽  
Three Factor

Studies were carried out to determine the effect of vitamins, temperature and pH on the biomass production by ectomycorrhizal fungi: <i>Laccuria bicolor, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Suillus bovinus</i> and <i>Pisolithus arhizus</i>. Responses of particular organisms were different Three-factor ANOVA which enables the comparison of the effect of experimental factors on biomass yield has shown that the pH of the medium had a stronger effect on <i>L. bicolor, H. crustuliniforme</i> and <i>S. bovinus</i> than vitamins. Temperature was the factor exerting the strongest effect on the growth of <i>P. tinctorius</i>.

scholarly journals Effects of Municipal Wastewater Irrigation on Yield and Fertilizer Requirement of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Mojid ◽  
G C L Wyseure ◽  
S K Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Requirement ◽  
Raw Wastewater

Due to increasing scarcity of fresh water, use of unconventional water source (e.g., wastewater) in irrigation has now become important. However, inclusive information on the effects of wastewater on crop production and soil health is necessary for such intervention. This study was designed to evaluate these effects by demonstrating the contribution of municipal wastewater (hereafter called wastewater) on yield and nutrient requirement of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) cv Shatabdi. Five irrigation treatments - I1, I2, I3, I4 and I5  were tested in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications during November-March of 2007-2008, 2008-2009, 2009-2010 at the experimental field of the Bangladesh Agricultural University,  Mymensingh. The treatments I2-I5 consisted of blended wastewater and I1 of fresh water (control). The ratio of wastewater to total irrigation water was 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 in I2, I3, I4 and I5, respectively. Wheat was cultivated with three irrigations and recommended doses of fertilizer in three consecutive years. Wastewater contained nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) @ 17.5, 3.7 and 10.3 mg/L, respectively, and irrigation by raw wastewater (I5) contributed 19.1, 15.1 and 21.7% of the recommended N, P and K, respectively. Biomass yield increased with increasing fraction of wastewater in irrigation. Grain yield increased for the wastewater fraction of 0.50 - 0.75 in irrigation but decreased when irrigation was applied by raw wastewater. Excess fertilizer (under I5) boosted up growth of wheat, but did not contribute to the grain yield. Number of grains per spike; and grain, straw and biological yields significantly (p = 0.05) increased due to the contribution of wastewater. Wastewater significantly improved grain and biomass production, with the largest value obtained in I4 (4.61 t/ha grain yield and 11.36 t/ha biomass yield).  Raw wastewater in combination with recommended fertilizer doses caused over-fertilization that contributed only in biomass production but not in grain production of wheat and irrigation by wastewater substantially reduced fertilizer requirement of wheat.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 01-14

scholarly journals Comparison on biomass production of three fodder germplasms

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Kanak ◽  
MJ Khan ◽  
MR Debi ◽  
ZH Khandakar ◽  
MK Pikar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

The experiment was conducted to study the comparison on biomass production of fodder germplasm. Para (Brachiaria mutica Stapf.), German (Echinochloa crusgalli L.) and Dhal (Hymenachne pseudointerrupta C. Muell) grasses were cultivated in a completely randomized design (CRD). The whole area was divided into nine plots. The area of each unit plot was 6 m x 6 m. Number of cuttings were 16,000 /hectare where Plant to Plant distance was 16 cm and row and raw distance was 16 cm. Equal amount of organic and chemical fertilizer were applied in all cutting. The fodders were first harvested after 60 days of planting, second and third after successive 60 days of re-growth. The findings of the study showed that fresh biomass (p<0.01) and dry biomass yield (p<0.05) of three fodder germplasm differed significantly. Crude protein and organic matter yield were significant (p<0.01) only in the second cutting. German grass was showed significantly higher in CP and OM yield (p<0.01) at second cutting than other grasses. However, no significant effect on plant height was observed among three grasses. From the above findings it may be concluded that among the three fodder germplasm, German fodder showed best result in respect of biomass production. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15772 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 35-39

scholarly journals Water demands and biomass production of sorghum and maize plants in areas with insufficient precipitation in Central Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Škeříková Michaela ◽  
Brant Václav ◽  
Kroulík Milan ◽  
Pivec Jan ◽  
Zábranský Petr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Bowen Ratio ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Crop Water Demand ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Maize Plants

Evapotranspiration and transpiration measurements represent a tool for the assessment of crop water demand. The aim of this study was to compare sorghum and maize with respect to its potential for forage production in areas with insufficient precipitation in Central Europe. The values of the actual evapotranspiration (ET<sub>a</sub>, Bowen ratio balance method), transpiration (sap flow method), leaf area index (LAI) and biomass production of sorghum and maize were measured continuously in years 2010–2012. Sorghum stand provided higher ET<sub>a</sub> in comparison with maize in dry year 2012. Maize produced consistently more above-ground biomass yield and lower LAI over all evaluated years than sorghum. The sorghum provided similar or higher water use efficiency (WUE) than maize during the period of intensive prolongation growth, however, the higher WUE did not result in higher biomass production.

Improved biomass production by humic analog anthraquinone-2-sulfonate from kitchen waste in a two-phase system

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 9554-9562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingzu Wang ◽  
Guihua Xu ◽  
Chunli Wan ◽  
Yiwei Ren ◽  
Enling Tian
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
System P ◽  
Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria

The volatile fatty acids from kitchen waste were used as substrates of anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (APB) in a dark-photo fermentation reactor, and anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) was firstly applied to boost the biomass yield.

Effect of three ectomycorrhizal fungi on growth and phosphorus uptake of Pinus silvestris seedlings at increasing phosphorus levels

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2753-2757 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tyminska ◽  
F. Le Tacon ◽  
J. Chadoeuf
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Laccaria Laccata ◽  
Pinus Silvestris ◽  
Thelephora Terrestris ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Hebeloma Crustuliniforme ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The objective of this study was to determine the different effects of three ectomycorrhizal fungi (Laccaria laccata, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, and Thelephora terrestris) on the growth and mineral nutrition of Pinus silvestris at different levels of soluble phosphorus. Even a low intensity of infection by Laccaria laccata stimulated Pinus silvestris growth greatly. The ability of this ectomycorrhizal fungus to increase Pinus silvestris growth seemed to be more related to its capacity to produce growth substances than to its capacity to stimulate phosphorus uptake. The poor efficiency of Hebeloma crustuliniforme compared with Laccaria laccata at any level of phosphorus could result from differences in diversion of carbohydrates from the host to fungal structures.

scholarly journals Enzymatic activity of myccorrhizal fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Pachlewski ◽  
Elżbieta Chruściak
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Amanita Muscaria ◽  
Suillus Bovinus ◽  
Rhizopogon Luteolus

The investigations included assays of enzymatic activity of ectomycorrhizal fungi from the genera: <i>Amanita, Cenococcum, Coltricia, Hebeloma, Lactarius, Rhizopogon, Russula, Suillus, Tricholoma</i> and the pine ectendomycorrhizal strain MrgX. Among the 22 investigated strains of fungi 18 could decompose starch, 14 urea, 11 asparagine, 7 protein, 6 pectin and 3 ce1lulose. The most varied enzyme activities were found in <i>Amanita muscaria, A. verna, Hebeloma, mesophaeum</i>, ectendomycorrhizal isolate MrgX, <i>Rhizopogon luteolus</i> and <i>Suillus bovinus</i>, the highest cellolotytic activity was shown by the ectendomycorrhizal strain.

scholarly journals Comparison Of Energy Sources Grown On Agricultural Land

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Jureková ◽  
Dušan Húska ◽  
Marián Kotrla ◽  
Martin Prčík ◽  
Martin Hauptvogl
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Statistical Dependence ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Growing Period

Abstract The aim of the paper is to compare biomass production of energy plants and selected crops grown on arable land in the south-western Slovakia in 2007–2014, its energy value and the influence of decisive climatic factors on the size of the production. The data on yields of dominant crops grown in the agricultural farm were obtained from the statistical data of the farm. Aboveground biomass of willows and poplars was harvested at the end of the harvest cycle. Aboveground biomass of Miscanthus sinensis was harvested in 2010–2014, always in early spring period of the following year. Winter wheat, spring barley and maize grown for silage during the period 2007–2014 provided the lowest yields in 2010 and the highest in 2011 and 2014. The highest energy value was obtained from maize in 2014 (400.66 GJ ha−1). The short rotation coppice poplars of Italian provenance yielded biomass with energy value of 951.68 GJ ha−1 year−1 at the end of the first three-year harvest cycle in 2012. The analysis of variance confirmed that there are highly significant statistical differences in the poplar biomass yield among the varieties and individual experimental years. The fast growing willows of Swedish provenance provided aboveground biomass energy value of 868.88 GJ ha−1 year−1 at the end of the first four-year harvest cycle in 2011. The biomass production of the perennial grass Miscanthus sinensis, depending on the growing period, can be expressed by a polynomial trend function. The highest biomass production was obtained in the third growing period (2012). At the end of the fifth growing period (2014), the yield amounted to 28.60 t ha−1 of the dry aboveground biomass. The energy value of the aboveground biomass of Miscanthus reached 486.20 GJ ha−1 in 2014. Differences in the biomass yield of the Miscanthus genotypes are statistically highly significant in each of the monitored growing periods. The growth and production process of the selected energy species reflect the specificities of soil and climatic conditions of the individual growing periods, as well as the ability of individual species and varieties to provide biomass production in the given conditions. Regression analysis of the produced aboveground biomass of the crops grown in the Kolíňany cadastre has not confirmed a statistical dependence in selected climatic parameterss.

scholarly journals Influence of Medium Frequency Light/Dark Cycles on the Cultivation of Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5093
Author(s):  
Zhijie Chen ◽  
Bosheng Su
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cycle Time ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Chlorella Pyrenoidosa ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Medium Frequency ◽  
Intermittent Light

Light (wavelength, intensity, and light/dark cycle) have been considered as one of the most important parameters for microalgae cultivation. In this paper, the effect of medium frequency intermittent light on Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa (formerly Chlorella pyrenoidosa) cultivation was investigated. Three parameters of intermittent light, light intensity, light/dark ratio, and light/dark cycle were employed and the influence of these parameters on the productivity of Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa was studied. The biomass yield and growth rates were mainly affected by the light fraction and cycle time. Light with 220 μE m−2 s−1 light intensity was determined as the optimal light intensity for biomass production. At the light intensity of 420 μE m−2 s−1, the results indicated that the intermittent light improved the biomass production with larger light/dark ratio compared with the continuous light. At a lower mean light intensity over time, the intermittent light should be more suitable for biomass growth and the decrease in the light/dark ratio (L/D) will lead to a higher biomass productivity. The light/dark cycle time has little influence on the biomass yield.

Inoculation with the ectomycorrhizal fungi Pisolithus arhizus and Scleroderma sp. improves early growth of Shorea pinanga nursery seedlings

New Forests ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maman Turjaman ◽  
Yutaka Tamai ◽  
Hendrik Segah ◽  
Suwido Hester Limin ◽  
Joo Young Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Pisolithus Arhizus

Nitrogen uptake and growth in vitro by Hebeloma crustuliniforme and other Pacific Northwest mycorrhizal fungi

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willis R. Littke ◽  
Caroline S. Bledsoe ◽  
Robert L. Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Ammonium Uptake ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
N Source ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Hebeloma Crustuliniforme

Since little is known about the nitrogen (N) physiology of ectomycorrhizal fungi, this study was initiated to study both radial and biomass growth and N uptake of Hebeloma crustuliniforme and other Pacific Northwest ectomycorrhizal fungi. Hebeloma crustuliniforme utilized either nitrate or ammonium as the N source in buffered liquid media, but biomass growth was greatest with ammonium. Without buffers, biomass growth on ammonium-based media was reduced, apparently owing to low pH. These results emphasize the strong interrelationship between N source and pH of the media. A pronounced pH optimum for biomass growth of H. crustuliniforme occurred at pH 5.0. Ammonium uptake rates were five to nine times greater than nitrate uptake rates over a range of N concentrations (40–600 μM). Radial growth rates of a range of mycorrhizal fungi were greater on high-N than on low-N media. For those few species that grew faster on low-N medium, their growth habit was more diffuse and dry weight production was decreased, indicating that radial growth had occurred at the expense of biomass production.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document