scholarly journals The impact of different saturation headway values on intersection capacity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dražen Cvitanić ◽  
Biljana Maljković
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Elements of the city road network that determine its capacity are signalized intersections. Their capacity depends of many factors: traffic volume and distribution, traffic flow structure, signal timing, and number of bicyclists and pedestrians. However, the starting parameter for calculation of intersection capacity is saturation headway. This research explores the influence of weather conditions and purpose of trip on saturation headway. Saturation headways were determined on few intersections in the morning peak hour of working and weekend day, in good and bad weather conditions. The impact of different trip purposes and different weather conditions on intersection capacity is analysed, as well as the influence of using mean and median values of saturation headway when calculating the intersection capacity.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Pandemic on Vehicle Traffic and Roadside Environmental Pollution: Rzeszow City as a Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4299
Author(s):  
Miroslaw Smieszek ◽  
Vasyl Mateichyk ◽  
Magdalena Dobrzanska ◽  
Pawel Dobrzanski ◽  
Ganna Weigang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Roadside Environment

The development of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related lockdown had a major impact on vehicle traffic in cities. Based on available data from the selected city of Rzeszow, Poland, it was decided to assess changes in vehicle traffic and the impact of these changes on roadside environmental pollution. As part of the research, data from the first half of 2020 regarding vehicle traffic on selected streets of the city and on the city’s inlet routes were analyzed. For the selected road sections, changes in hourly traffic volume in 2020, compared with 2019, were also determined. With data on traffic volume, an attempt was made to estimate the impact of changes in traffic volume on air pollution in the city. Research on air pollution from motor vehicles was focused on a selected section of a city road that was equipped with an automatic air pollution measurement station located very close to the road. Additionally, at the road intersection and in the vicinity of the measuring station, a sensor was installed in the roadway to count passing vehicles. A preliminary analysis of air pollution data revealed that factors such as wind speed and direction and outside temperature had a large impact on measurement results. To eliminate the influence of these factors and to obtain data concerning only contamination originating from motor vehicles traveling along the road, an appropriate mathematical model of the traffic flow–roadside environment system was built. This model was designed to determine the air pollution in the vicinity of the road generated by traffic flow. The constructed model was verified, and the conditions for its use were determined in order to study the impact of traffic and roadside environment on the level of air pollution from harmful exhaust substances. It was shown that at certain times of the day, especially at low temperatures, other sources of harmful emissions related to home heating play a major role in air pollution in the city.

scholarly journals The Impact of Automated Vehicles on Traffic Flow and Road Capacity on Urban Road Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ji Eun Park ◽  
Wanhee Byun ◽  
Youngchan Kim ◽  
Hyeonjun Ahn ◽  
Doh Kyoum Shin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Automated Vehicles ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
The Road ◽  
Capacity Increase ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
The Impact

Automated vehicles (AVs) are believed to have great potential to improve the traffic capacity and efficiency of the current transport systems. Despite positive findings of the impact of AVs on traffic flow and potential road capacity increase for highways, few studies have been performed regarding the impact of AVs on urban roads. Moreover, studies considering traffic volume increase with a mixture of AVs and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) have rarely been conducted. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of gradual increments of AV penetration and traffic volume on urban roads. The study adopted a microsimulation approach using VISSIM with a Wiedmann 74 model for car-following behavior. Parameters for AVs were set at the SAE level 4 of automation. A real road network was chosen for the simulation having 13 intersections in a total distance of 4.5 km. The road network had various numbers of lanes from a single lane to five lanes in one direction. The network consists of a main arterial road and a parallel road serving nearby commercial and residential blocks. In total, 36 scenarios were investigated by a combination of AV penetrations and an increase in traffic volumes. The study found that, as AV penetration increased, traffic flow also improved, with a reduction of the average delay time of up to 31%. Also, as expected, links with three or four lanes had a more significant impact on the delay. In terms of road capacity increase, when the penetration of AVs was saturated at 100%, the road network could accommodate 40% more traffic.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Climatic Characteristics and Their Impact on the Traffic Accidents in the City of Ramadi

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5088-5095
Author(s):  
Dr. Mohanad abed Hammad, Dr. Ammeer Mohammed Khalaf, Abd Ul RAzzaq Mohammed Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Traffic Stream ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Climatic Characteristics

The facets of the climate have a great impact on the traffic of different means of transportation as long as  bad weather conditions usually reduce the density of the transportation, especially on the land roads, while good conditions help to increase the use of the land roads. The climatic characteristics have a direct impact on the occurrence of the traffic accidents for the increase in the amount of rain, the fog and the intensity of fog  are all responsible factors for impeding traffic stream. This study aims at identifying the effect of the climatic characteristics on the traffic accidents in the Ramadi city through the climatic data and trying to find out the impact of each element on climatic ones on the  traffic stream in the study area. This study also aims at reducing the impact of the climate in the traffic accidents in Ramadi city via finding some treatments to reduce the impact of the climatic characteristics in the occurrence of traffic accidents. The study comes up with that all the climate elements: rain, dust storms and fog have a direct effect on the occurrence of a number of accidents in the study area.

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

scholarly journals Two-Stream Multi-Channel Convolutional Neural Network for Multi-Lane Traffic Speed Prediction Considering Traffic Volume Impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruimin Ke ◽  
Wan Li ◽  
Zhiyong Cui ◽  
Yinhai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Speed Prediction ◽  
Traffic Speed ◽  
The Impact

Traffic speed prediction is a critically important component of intelligent transportation systems. Recently, with the rapid development of deep learning and transportation data science, a growing body of new traffic speed prediction models have been designed that achieved high accuracy and large-scale prediction. However, existing studies have two major limitations. First, they predict aggregated traffic speed rather than lane-level traffic speed; second, most studies ignore the impact of other traffic flow parameters in speed prediction. To address these issues, the authors propose a two-stream multi-channel convolutional neural network (TM-CNN) model for multi-lane traffic speed prediction considering traffic volume impact. In this model, the authors first introduce a new data conversion method that converts raw traffic speed data and volume data into spatial–temporal multi-channel matrices. Then the authors carefully design a two-stream deep neural network to effectively learn the features and correlations between individual lanes, in the spatial–temporal dimensions, and between speed and volume. Accordingly, a new loss function that considers the volume impact in speed prediction is developed. A case study using 1-year data validates the TM-CNN model and demonstrates its superiority. This paper contributes to two research areas: (1) traffic speed prediction, and (2) multi-lane traffic flow study.

scholarly journals Dampak Kabut Asap terhadap Kinerja Usaha Pedagang Pasar di Kota Rengat Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu Provinsi Riau

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Ivalaina Astarina ◽  
Syahmardi Yacob ◽  
Febblina Daryanes ◽  
Khusnul Fikri ◽  
Ahmad Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Sample Count ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The purpose of the research in IIS to know and analyze the impact of the haze on the performance of business traders market. This research belongs to the type of descriptive research. Descriptive research that aims to describe, describe and analyse existing events and aims to obtain information about the impact of haze in accordance with existing theories. Data collection method through dissemination of questionnaires and questions answered. The population in this study is the market merchant of Rengat City. Determination of sample count of 100 respondents/market trader. The data analysis technique used to analyze this research data is to be descriptively used statistical analysis in the form of a percentage formula because its purpose is to see the trend of the indicators of each variable and the research is only aimed to describe the reality in the field is not to be seen relations or comparisons. In this study, researchers used Likert measurement scales. The Likert scale relates to a statement about a person's attitude toward something.  The results of this study can be concluded that: (1) The health of the market traders of the city of Rengat is interrupted because of the thick haze that affects the trading activity itself. (2) The income of market traders in the city of Rengat is decreasing due to declining people's desire to shop in the market due to the worry of being exposed to haze which can cause ISPA disease and other health disorders. (3) The market environment of the Rengat is affected by the smoke of the daily Trader's life. Usually traders have already held their trades starting from the beginning of the morning, because the haze of most traders often come late to the market (overdo). (3) The education of students from the family of market traders in the city of Rengat is also affected by the haze so that it must be dissolved until normal weather conditions are back. Because of this, students have a lot of missed material and have to force themselves to pursue the lag by adding hours and learning tasks that are much beyond the student's thinking capacity.

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Traffic Performance Due To The Establishment Of The New Shopping Center

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochammad Dwiki ◽  
Diah Ayu Restuti
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
Building Area ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The more rapid development of a region will also be followed by the increasing volume of traffic that occurs. With the operation of Sunrise Mall in the city of Mojokerto will bring a change in the increase in traffic volume. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of the generation that occurred due to the opening of Sunrise Mall in the city of Mojokerto. Knowing the traffic performance around Sunrise Mall in the city of Mojokerto in the existing condition which only reviews Degrees of Saturation. Knowing the impact of traffic caused by the operation of Sunrise Mall in the city of Mojokerto. Know the alternatives that can be used to improve intersection, braid and road performance around Sunrise Mall in Mojokerto city and to find out the parking capacity and Parking Space Unit needed at Sunrise Mall in Mojokerto city. Secondary data collection in research includes geometric data on roads, data on traffic volume and intersections, data in and out of the Sunrise Mall building, data on Sunrise Mall characteristics and building area. Results showed that there was an influence of the construction of a new shopping center on traffic performance in the case study of Sunrise Mall Benteng Pancasila Mojokerto Street.

scholarly journals Estimation Impact of Capital Development Projects on Adjacent Street and Road Network in Organization of Traffic by Means of Signal Controlled Intersections

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-513
Author(s):  
A. V. Zedgenizov ◽  
D. V. Kapskiy ◽  
R. Yu. Lagerev
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Saturation Flow Rate ◽  
Centers Of Mass ◽  
Saturation Flow ◽  
Demand And Capacity

The paper discusses problems of assessing the impact of mass attraction centers on the adjacent street and road network in the process of their functioning, expansion or conversion. The choice of criteria for assessing the organization of traffic flow, given in the Russian and foreign literature, has been substantiated, in particular, it is proposed to use v/c ratio for adjacent junction and corresponding level of traffic service (LOS). The main models for estimating capacity of signalized intersections are presented. The procedures of forming a mathematical model for estimating the load factor of signalized intersections is shown. The concepts of lane group capacity, total lost time per cycle, phase coefficients, saturation flow rate, and coefficients taking into account the decrease in the ideal saturation flow rate are explained. A mathematical model for estimating transport demand is presented, which allows to calculate the intensity of traffic flow to and from the center of mass attraction on the basis of the total traffic flow of correspondence, share of visitors in individual transport, average filling of individual transport, and coefficient of daily irregularity upon arrival and departure of visitors on an individual transport. An integrated mathematical model of loaf factor is proposed which includes parameters for estimating transport demand for centers of mass embarrassment and parameters that determine the signalized intersections capacity. The uniqueness of the integrated model is that it simultaneously involves parameters reflecting the demand and capacity of loading intersection. Recommendations are made on assessing the level of traffic service flows and the v/s ratio, based on the data of transport demand and capacity, adjacent to the centers of mass attraction of the road network. The presented method of estimating the LOS based on the capacity of the signalized intersections allows us to estimate the influence degree of mass attraction centers on the adjacent urban road network.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk assessment of the population under adverse weather conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-492
Author(s):  
R. B. Tsallagova ◽  
O. I. Kopytenkova ◽  
Fatima K. Makoeva ◽  
A. R. Nanieva
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Introduction. Climate change around the world determines the relevance of the study of its effects on the human health. Nowadays, due to the development of modern medical science, the methods of evidence-based analysis of negative impact of the environmental factors on the public health are being widely implemented into preventive medicine. Their use should make it possible to quantify the various risks with high confidence and to manage them effectively. Material and methods. The weather conditions of the territory of Vladikavkaz for a 15-years period (2001-2015) have been studied. On the basis of the data from the primary medical documentation of emergency medical care (EMC) for the same period, the health status of the adult population in the city has been studied. The impact of the meteorological elements under the study on the frequency of seeking EMC was estimated using the relative (RR) and population risks (Rpop) values. Results. For the city of Vladikavkaz (according to the medical classification of weather conditions), high air humidity is typical for 65% of the days in a year, low air velocity (less than 3 m/s) - 77% of the days in a year. Inter-day fluctuations in temperature and atmospheric air pressure, exceeding the optimal levels for the human body, are recorded more than in 30% of the days in a year. Discussion. The city of Vladikavkaz is characterized by windless, wet weather, with frequent inter-day fluctuations in temperature and atmospheric air pressure, which corresponds to the clinically irritating and acute types of weather. Conclusion. The calculations of the relative and the population risks of impact of meteorological changes on the developing of urgent cardiovascular conditions in the population of Vladikavkaz showed RR of combining two unfavourable weather factors to be of 1.081 (p <0.0001), and the Rpop increases by more than 3600 additional EMC calls due to cardiovascular pathology.

scholarly journals Data-driven profiling of traffic flow with varying road conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
O K Golovnin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
The Road ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics ◽  
The City

The article describes the road, institutional and weather conditions that affect the traffic flow. I proposed a method for traffic flow profiling using a data-driven approach. The method operates with macroscopic traffic flow characteristics and detailed data of road conditions. The article presents the results of traffic flow speed and intensity profiling taking into account weather conditions. The study used road traffic and conditions data for the city of Aarhus, Denmark. The results showed that the method is effective for traffic flow forecasting due to varying road conditions.

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