Effect of foliar application of salicylic acid on the response of tomato plants to oxidative stress and salinity

The objective of this work was to determine the transcript profile of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), during Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici infection and after foliar application of salicylic acid. The suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique was used to generate a cDNA library enriched for transcripts differentially expressed. A total of 307 clones was identified in two subtractive libraries, which allowed the isolation of several defense-related genes that play roles in different mechanisms of plant resistance to phytopathogens. Genes with unknown roles were also isolated from the two libraries, which indicates the possibility of identifying new genes not yet reported in studies of stress/defense response. The SSH technique is effective for identification of resistance genes activated by salicylic acid and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici infection. Not only the application of this technique enables a cost effective isolation of differentially expressed sequences, but also it allows the identification of novel sequences in tomato from a relative small number of sequences.

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Exogenous Application of Foliar Salicylic Acid and Propolis Enhances Antioxidant Defenses and Growth Parameters in Tomato Plants

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Nouran Ahmed Abdo Abd El-Hady ◽

Abdelaleim Ismail ElSayed ◽

Sayed Soliman El-saadany ◽

Paola A. Deligios ◽

Luigi Ledda

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Plant Traits ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Relevant Role

Salicylic acid (SA) and propolis (PR) are known to regulate the physiological process and to have a relevant role in bioactive compounds content. Our experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of SA and PR application on the growth, yield, and quality parameters of tomato grown for the fresh market in field conditions in Egypt. We studied the effect of twelve treatments where SA (0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, and 2.50 mM) and PR (1, 2, 10, 20, and 100 mg propolis mL−1) were applied at increasing doses as a sole agent or combined each other (1.50 mM + 10 mg mL−1 for SA and PR, respectively). An untreated control was also considered. Tomato plants treated with SA (0.50, 1.00, and 1.50 mM) showed a significant effect in all traits especially SA1 (0.50 mM) in growth parameters and SA2 (1.00 mM) in pigment and antioxidant content. Propolis foliar application was more effective than SA as it revealed that raising the concentration of aqueous extract enhanced the growth parameters and pigment in tomato. The best result was obtained by the 10 mg mL−1 treatment. The effect of propolis on antioxidant enzymes varied as the 10 mg mL−1 treatment was effective on peroxidases and superoxide dismutase, while 100 mg mL−1 was more effective on catalase. Salicylic acid and propolis have a positive effect on both preserving tomato plants and on nutrient supply, so the mixed intermediate concentration (1.50 mM + 10 mg mL−1) is considered very effective and results in an improvement of all plant traits.

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Melatonin Mitigates Chilling-Induced Oxidative Stress and Photosynthesis Inhibition in Tomato Plants

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9030218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 218 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Meiling Wang ◽

Shuoxin Zhang ◽

Fei Ding

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Opposite Effect ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Chilling Stress ◽

Redox Balance ◽

Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Cycle Enzyme ◽

Photosynthesis Inhibition

Melatonin has been demonstrated to play a variety of roles in plants. Of particular importance is its role as a potent antioxidative agent. In the present study, we generated melatonin-deficient tomato plants using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach and melatonin-rich tomato plants by foliar application of melatonin. These tomato plants were used to assess the effect of melatonin on chilling-induced oxidative stress and chilling-induced photosynthesis inhibition. We found that melatonin deficiency increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aggravated lipid peroxidation in chilling-stressed tomato leaves, while exogenous application of melatonin had the opposite effect. Under chilling stress, melatonin-deficient tomato plants showed impaired antioxidant capacity as evidenced by lower activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased rations of reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and reduced ascorbate (AsA)/oxidized ascorbate (DHA), compared with melatonin-rich tomato plants. Furthermore, suppression of melatonin biosynthesis led to more photosynthesis inhibition under the chilling condition and compromised the capability of subsequent photosynthesis recovery in tomato plants. In addition, melatonin-deficient tomato plants displayed less activity of an important Calvin-Benson cycle enzyme sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) than melatonin-rich tomato plants under chilling stress. Collectively, our data indicate that melatonin is critical for antioxidant capacity and redox balance and is in favor of photosynthesis in tomato plants under chilling stress.

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Effect of Foliar Application of Putrescine and Salicylic Acid on Yield, Fruit Quality and Storability of "Flame Seedless" Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

Journal of Plant Production ◽

10.21608/jpp.2018.36652 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1203-1214

Author(s):

S. Bassiony ◽

Maha Abd El-Aziz ◽

Hayam Fahmy

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Seedless Grape

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The Arabidopsis mediator complex subunit 8 regulates oxidative stress responses

The Plant Cell ◽

10.1093/plcell/koab079 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huaming He ◽

Jordi Denecker ◽

Katrien Van Der Kelen ◽

Patrick Willems ◽

Robin Pottie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gene Expression ◽

Salicylic Acid ◽

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Negative Regulator ◽

Mediator Complex ◽

Defense Gene Expression ◽

A Genome ◽

Oxidative Stress Responses

Abstract Signaling events triggered by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) regulate plant growth and defense by orchestrating a genome-wide transcriptional reprogramming. However, the specific mechanisms that govern H2O2-dependent gene expression are still poorly understood. Here, we identify the Arabidopsis Mediator complex subunit MED8 as a regulator of H2O2 responses. The introduction of the med8 mutation in a constitutive oxidative stress genetic background (catalase-deficient, cat2) was associated with enhanced activation of the salicylic acid pathway and accelerated cell death. Interestingly, med8 seedlings were more tolerant to oxidative stress generated by the herbicide methyl viologen (MV) and exhibited transcriptional hyperactivation of defense signaling, in particular salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-related pathways. The med8-triggered tolerance to MV was manipulated by the introduction of secondary mutations in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways. In addition, analysis of the Mediator interactome revealed interactions with components involved in mRNA processing and microRNA biogenesis, hence expanding the role of Mediator beyond transcription. Notably, MED8 interacted with the transcriptional regulator NEGATIVE ON TATA-LESS, NOT2, to control the expression of H2O2-inducible genes and stress responses. Our work establishes MED8 as a component regulating oxidative stress responses and demonstrates that it acts as a negative regulator of H2O2-driven activation of defense gene expression.

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Physiological Responses of Salinized Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) Plants to Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040657 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 657

Author(s):

Reda E. Abdelhameed ◽

Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef ◽

Rania S. Shehata

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Shikimic Acid ◽

Plant Tolerance ◽

Physiological Mechanisms ◽

Content Index ◽

Malondialdehyde Content ◽

Total Free Amino Acids ◽

The Impact

Considering the detrimental effects of salt stress on the physiological mechanisms of plants in terms of growth, development and productivity, intensive efforts are underway to improve plant tolerance to salinity. Hence, an experiment was conducted to assess the impact of the foliar application of salicylic acid (SA; 0.5 mM) on the physiological traits of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) plants grown under three salt concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl). An increase in salt concentration generated a decrease in the chlorophyll content index (CCI); however, the foliar application of SA boosted the CCI. The malondialdehyde content increased in salt-stressed fenugreek plants, while a reduction in content was observed with SA. Likewise, SA application induced an accumulation of proline, total phenolics, and flavonoids. Moreover, further increases in total free amino acids and shikimic acid were observed with the foliar application of SA, in either control or salt-treated plants. Similar results were obtained for ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase with SA application. Hence, we concluded that the foliar application of SA ameliorates salinity, and it is a growth regulator that improves the tolerance of fenugreek plants under salt stress.

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Foliar application and seed priming of salicylic acid affect growth, fruit yield, and quality of grape tomato under drought stress

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2021.109904 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 280 ◽

pp. 109904

Author(s):

Remi Chakma ◽

Arindam Biswas ◽

Pantamit Saekong ◽

Hayat Ullah ◽

Avishek Datta

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Yield And Quality

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Standardizing the Hydrogel Application Rates and Foliar Nutrition for Enhancing Yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8040420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 420 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shashidhar K. Shankarappa ◽

Samuel J. Muniyandi ◽

Ajay B. Chandrashekar ◽

Amit K. Singh ◽

Premaradhya Nagabhushanaradhya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Lens Culinaris ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Winter Season ◽

Growth Period ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Flower Initiation ◽

Foliar Nutrition ◽

Pod Development

Lentil (Lens culinaris) is an important winter season annual legume crop known for its highly valued seed in human and animal nutrition owing to its high lysine and tryptophan content. Shortage of water during the crop growth period has become the major impediment for cultivation of pulses in rice fallow in particular. Under such conditions, the application of hydrogel can be a potential alternative to improve photosynthetic efficiency, assimilate partitioning, and increase growth and yield. A field experiment was conducted from November to February during 2015–16 to 2017–18 on clay loam soil that was medium in fertility and acidic in reaction (pH 5.4) at Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. There were three hydrogel levels in total in the main plot and foliar nutrition with five different nutrient sprays in sub-plots, together comprising 15 treatment combinations. The data pooled over three years, 2015–2018, revealed that application of hydrogel at 5 kg/ha before sowing recorded a significantly greater number of pods per plant (38.0) and seed yield (1032.1 kg/ha) over the control. Foliar application of nutrients over flower initiation and pod development had a positive effect on increasing the number of pods per plant eventually enhanced the seed yield of lentil. Foliar application of either 0.5% NPK or salicylic acid 75 ppm spray at flower initiation and pod development stages recorded significantly more pods per plant over other nutrient treatments. Further, the yield attributed improved because of elevated growth in plant. Significantly maximum seed yield (956 kg/ha) recorded in the NPK spray of 0.5% remained on par with salicylic acid 75 ppm (939 kg/ha) over the rest of the treatments.

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