scholarly journals Endocrine and metabolic disorders in cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Niemiec ◽  
Aleksandra Niemiec
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Disorders

scholarly journals Treatment of Chemotherapy-induced Nausea in Cancer Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Julie L Ryan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Nutritional Depletion

For over 30 years, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting have been the most severe and troublesome symptoms for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Unresolved chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can lead to metabolic disorders, dehydration, nutritional depletion and oesophageal tears, and can reduce the daily functioning and quality of life of and interfere with treatment schedules. Despite the widespread use of antiemetics, chemotherapy-induced nausea continues to be problematic. Unlike vomiting, nausea is a subjective and unobservable phenomenon, making it extremely difficult to accurately assess and treat. Current research suggests that management of chemotherapy-induced nausea should focus on treating the symptoms before they occur rather than after they develop. This article highlights evidence-based interventions for the treatment of chemotherapy-related nausea.

Nutritional problems in patients with digestive tract cancer, possible ways for solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Ya. N Shoykhet ◽  
Oksana M. Galkina ◽  
A. F Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Nutrition And Diet ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Prevention Methods

Malignant neoplasms of the digestive system occupy a leading place among all cancer patients. Approximately one third of all cancer deaths worldwide was linked to improper nutrition and diet, and took the second place as theoretically preventable causes of cancer. Modern methods of surgical treatment of cancer patients have an aggressive nature, causing pronounced stress in the body and give rise in metabolic disorders with changes in nutritional status. One of the prevention methods is the use of nutritional support, especially in patients who received radical surgery.

scholarly journals Seizures in cancer patients: a vast spectrum of etiologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. FNL30
Author(s):  
Jad Costa ◽  
Fady Gh Haddad ◽  
Georges Costa ◽  
Ahmad Harb ◽  
Roland Eid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Carcinomatous Meningitis ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities

Aim: This study aims to recognize the distribution of different seizures etiologies in cancer patients, the most common primary tumors responsible for brain metastases, the most epileptogenic primary tumors and the therapeutic modalities. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital targeting patients admitted to hematology–oncology department between 2005 and 2016 who presented a seizure. Results: Of the 153 included patients, mean age was 57 years (standard deviation = 16 years) and a male predominance (66%). The majority of seizures were due to a primary tumor (49%) or brain metastases (32%). Other reversible (metabolic and drug) or nonreversible causes (carcinomatous meningitis, radiation and cardiovascular complications) formed the remaining causes. Regarding antiepileptic treatments, sodium valproate was mostly used, followed by levetiracetam and phenytoin. Conclusion: Numerous reversible causes are involved in the onset of epileptic seizures, including metabolic disorders, antibiotics and chemotherapies.

scholarly journals Enteral nutrition in perioperative nutritional support and rehabilitation during surgical treatment of oncological diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
N.G. Arykan ◽  
◽  
E.A. Evdokimov ◽  
V.V. Stets ◽  
V.A. Zyryanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Oncological Diseases

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of metabolic disorders perioperative correction and the completeness of providing macronutrients in cancer patients when standard and specialized sterilized mixtures for enteral nutrition are included in the nutritional support program. Patients and Methods: the analysis of the enteral nutrition clinical efficacy during the perioperative period in cancer patients using Nutrien line liquid sterilized mixtures was carried out. The treatment results of 89 patients with GIT neoplasms who were treated in the surgical department and ICU of the Main Military Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Burdenko and the F.I. Inozemtsev City Clinical Hospital were analyzed. Personalized metabolic and nutritional support was provided before and after surgery. The effectiveness of metabolic disorders correction after surgery was evaluated on the basis of specialized examination methods. Results: after preoperative nutritional support, there was a significant increase (average group values) in total protein — 67.3±1.2 g/L, albumin — 33.5±2.3 g/L, transferrin — 1.5±0.11 g/L (p<0.05), and the absolute WBC count — 969±39 109/L (p≤0.05). Group 2 showed a decrease in the number of patients with grade 2 nutritional deficiency (by 8.3±1.71%, p<0.05); group 3 — the number of patients with positive dynamics of nutritional deficiency resolution was less (by 4.5±1.1%, p<0.05). In the postoperative period, in patients with diabetes mellitus, respiratory insufficiency, purulent-septic complications, who required personalized nutritional therapy with specialized mixtures, normalization of metabolic parameters was achieved by the 7–10 days of the postoperative period, which was confirmed by normalization of biochemical parameters and a decrease in nutritive demand. Conclusion: the study results on the use of enteral nutrition mixtures in the complex of perioperative nutritional support in cancer patients showed high clinical efficacy and provided the possibility of choosing a mixture based on a specific clinical situation, taking into account a personalized nutritional support program. KEYWORDS: nutritional support, pharmaconutrients, enteral nutrition, liquid mixtures. FOR CITATION: Arykan N.G., Evdokimov E.A., Stets V.V. et al. Enteral nutrition in perioperative nutritional support and rehabilitation during surgical treatment of oncological diseases. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(3):138–144. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-3-138-144.

scholarly journals Changes of exosomal matrix metalloproteinases level in colorectal cancer associated with sex and metabolic disturbance

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
N. V. Yunusova ◽  
E. A. Zambalova ◽  
M. R. Patysheva ◽  
A. A. Dimcha ◽  
O. V. Cheremisina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

The objective is to evaluate the contents of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) MMP9, MMP2, as well as their inducer EMMPRIN in circulating exosomes of patients with colorectal cancer in relation with clinical and morphological parameters, as well as with the presence of metabolic syndrome to search for promising exosomal markers associated with invasion, metastasis and metabolic disorders.Materials and methods. The study included 40 patients with colorectal cancer (T2–4N0–2M0–1) and 10 control patients. Exosomes of blood plasma were isolated by ultrafiltration with ultracentrifugation. The level of MMP9, MMP2 and their inducer EMMPRIN in exosomes was evaluated by flow cytometry.Results and conclusion. The level of MMP9‑positive exosomes was significantly higher in patients with colorectal cancer compared with patients with colorectal polyps. The proportion of MMP9‑negative and triple positive MMP9 + / MMP2+ / EMMPRIN+ exosomes, on the contrary, was higher in patients with polyps compared with patients with colorectal cancer. Mixed subpopulation of MMP9+ / MMP2– / EMMPRIN-exosomes prevailed both in patients with colorectal cancer and in control patients. There were no significant differences in the subpopulations of MMP and EMMPRIN in the exosomes of colorectal cancer patients depending on the age, stage, grade and localization. Gender differences in the occurrence of a triple-positive exosome subpopulation in colorectal cancer patients have been revealed. No relationship was found between the expression of MMP and EMMPRIN in exosomes and the presence of the metabolic syndrome, anthropometric parameters, the level of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, the relationships between MMP9+ / MMP2– / EMMPRIN–, MMP9+ / MMP2– / EMMPRIN– and the level of triglycerides and glucose in blood serum were revealed. Further studies are needed to study the characteristics of exosomes associated with metabolic disorders and the possibility of their use as diagnostic, prognostic, or predictor biomarkers.

Metabolic Disorders in Cancer Patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
Maria Chiefari ◽  
Carmela Eziandio
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Disorders

scholarly journals Selenium and oxidative stress in cancer patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Gorozhanskaya ◽  
S.P. Sviridova ◽  
M.M. Dobrovolskaya ◽  
G.N. Zubrikhina ◽  
S.R. Kashiya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Cancer Of The Stomach ◽  
Malignant Liver Disease ◽  
Malignant Liver ◽  
Metabolic Correction ◽  
High Level

In order to identify the features of violations of free-radical processes in blood serum of 94 untreated cancer patients with different localization of the tumor (cancer of the stomach, colon, breast, ovarian, hemoblastoses) were determined selenium levels and indicators of oxidative stress (sum of metabolites of nitrogen - NOx, the level of superoxide dismutase - Cu/ZnSOD and malondiialdehyde-MDA, and the activity of catalase). In addition, 40 patients with malignant liver disease and clinical signs of liver failure in the early postoperative period was carried out a comparative evaluation of the efficacy of selenium-containing drug 'Selenaze' (sodium selenite pentahydrate). It was found that selenium levels in cancer patients by 25-30% below the norm of 110-120 mg/l at a rate of 73.0±2.6 mg/l. Low levels of NOx was detected in patients with all tumor localizations (22.1±1.1 mM, with normal range 28.4±0.9 mM). The exceptions were patients with extensive malignant process in the liver, in which the NOx levels were significantly higher than normal (p<0.001). The high level of NOx has a toxic effect on the hepatocyte, causing metabolic disorders and inflammatory-necrotic changes in the liver. Elevated levels of SOD and MDA in normal values of catalase activity was detected in all patients. The use of 'Selenaze' in postoperative patients with tumors of the liver increased selenium levels by 10-12%, which was accompanied by a decrease in the content of SOD and NOx, and contributed to earlier recovery of detoxic and synthetic liver function. These findings point to an intensification of oxidative stress and metabolic disorders in the malignant process, which is the basis for metabolic correction.

scholarly journals Investigation of Plasma Electrolytes Levels in selected Uterine Cancer Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koleayo Omoyajowo
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Electrolytes

The balance of electrolytes in humans is not only considered pivotal for normal functioning of cells and organs but to recover from many metabolic disorders. Cancer patients are generally at risk for electrolyte imbalances from a myriad of causes. This study was undertaken to estimate electrolytes levels in uterine cancer patients and that of controls (healthy individuals). Clinical parameters were collected after obtaining informed consent from both patients and controls. Thus, venous fasting blood samples of freshly diagnosed uterine cancer patients and controls were collected to estimate electrolytes namely sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), inorganic phosphate (PO43-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-). Na, K, Cl and PO43-were analysed spectrophotometrically (colorimetry) while HCO3- was biochemically analysed by titration. Results obtained in this study shows a significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of PO43- and Na+ in uterine cancer patients as compared with the control. However, a significant decrease was observed in the level of Cl- and HCO3- in uterine cancer patients when compared with controls. There was no significant difference in K+ level observed in both uterine cancer patients and controls. The evidence of associations between electrolyte imbalances and risk of developing uterine cancer as observed in this study are of particular importance in the prognosis, diagnosis and management of uterine cancer.

scholarly journals Nursing interventions in treatment of emergencies in oncology

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (81) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Katarina Pavić ◽  
Marija Vešić
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Acute Exacerbations ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Emergencies in oncology are acute exacerbations of the patient's condition that can be fatal and are caused by a tumor process or antitumor treatment. Can affect different organs or organ systems, generally are classified as: obstructive syndromes, metabolic disorders, and hematological or immunological disorders. The nurse is an important member of the team involved in the treatment of cancer patients and their interventions can contribute to reducing the rate of mortality and successful treatment of emergencies. As she spends most of her time with the patient, the nurse must be educated to recognize the symptoms and signs of emergencies, in order to provide first aid in time and inform the doctor. Nurse interventions are aimed at performing diagnostic procedures in patients, applying appropriate therapeutic measures, monitoring patients and providing health care.

Dental management of cancer patients: curricular implications

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 642-644
Author(s):  
W Carl ◽  
AJ Drinnan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Dental Management
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