Relationships in the family of origin and communication in marriage

2018 ◽  
Vol 589 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Danuta Ochojska ◽  
Małgorzata Marmola ◽  
Anna Wańczyk-Welc
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Family System ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
The Subject

The functioning of the family, interactions between spouses are determined by various factors. Young people bring in to their new family their own experience from the family of origin, the specific characteristics of the personality, and the skills acquired as a result of environmental influences and of their own activity . Each family system is unique because of individual features of individual family members and their mutual influence on each other and the system of the various elements and phenomena affecting the family. The family can be described for the different aspects of its activity, including cohesion, adaptability, identity of family and interpersonal communication. The subject of our research was to determine to what extent the family of origin influences the interactions and the way of communication between spouses. The analysis confirmed the special importance of cohesion in the family of origin for the development of good relations between spouses. It was also found more of the relationships between the specifics of family of origin and the level of commitment and support of women by men.

Bulgarian Ritual Kinship (Kumstvo)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-87
Author(s):  
Petko Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Gift Exchange ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Generation

Among the Orthodox Christians on the Balkans, the rituals of Christian baptism and marriage traditionally give rise to ritual kinship relationships, not only among individuals but also among family groups that were until then unrelated. Only among Bulgarians, Serbians, and Macedonians, these relationships are carried on hereditarily and are constructed according to the patrilineal kinship model. The godfather’s role ( kumstvo) is inherited as symbolic capital by the family-kin groups of both the godparents and the godchildren. These are relations of symbolic inequality and have a ritual character: both the calendar feast cycle and the lifecycle rituals are marked by symbolic rights and obligations, which are still observed until the present day in most Bulgarian families, for example, mandatory gift exchange. The belief in the power of the godparent’s curse is still alive today in a number of regions in Bulgaria. On the other hand, the godparent tradition among Bulgarians acquired new meaning and new dimensions during the decades of socialism and postsocialist transition. During the last two or three decades, the godparent relationship has become a way of building new social networks, often of a clientelist nature. More and more often, ritual kinship relations are used for benefits and hierarchical ascent, similarly to nepotism. This process leads to the reformation of social networks—it still functions as social capital, but to each new generation. Every new family chooses different godparents, thus creating new social networks. Research about godparent relations among Bulgarians and, more generally, on the Balkans, is based on both existing studies on the subject and on the author’s personal fieldwork research in Bulgaria.

Analytic taxonomy and notes on marine, brackish-water and estuarine Gastrotricha

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2392 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM D. HUMMON ◽  
M. ANTONIO TODARO
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
New Name ◽  
New Family ◽  
Analytic Review ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Inquirenda ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Species Inquirendae

Marine Gastrotricha, both Macrodasyida and Chaetonotida, are the subject of an analytic review, citing taxonomic status of names, authorships of taxa, and those responsible for changes, in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4 th ed. (1999). Notes are included with regard to taxonomic usage so as to guide workers in the future. Among the proposed novelties are: within Macrodasyida, to restrict the family Lepidodasyidae Remane, 1927 to the genus Lepidodasys Remane, 1926, and to establish a new family, Cephalodasyidae with Cephalodasys Remane, 1926 as its type-species to house the remaining genera and species that have been contained in the polyphyletic family Lepidodasyidae. Hemidasys agaso Claparède, 1867 is considered extinct, and the new name Tetranchyroderma antenniphorum is proposed for Tetranchyroderma antennatum Luporini, Magagnini & Tongiorgi, 1973; in addition, five species are here considered to be species inquirendae: Dactylopodola weilli d'Hondt, 1965, Paradasys nipponensis Sudzuki, 1976, Macrodasys indicus Kutty & Nair, 1969. Tetranchyroderma forceps d’Hondt & Balsamo, 2009 and Turbanella plana (Giard, 1904b). Among Chaetonotida: the Xenotrichula velox-species group Ruppert, 1979 and the Xenotrichula intermedia-species group Ruppert, 1979 were given each the rank of subgenus. Chaetonotus pleuracanthus Remane, 1926 is rejected as a synonym for Chaetonotus marinus Giard, 1904; Chaetonotus somniculosus Mock, 1979 is transferred to the genus Halichaetonotus, the new name Halichaetonotus euromarinus is proposed for Halichaetonotus spinosus Mock, 1979, and Xenotrichula carolinensis Ruppert, 1979 is re-established. Heteroxenotrichula variocirrata d'Hondt, 1966 is here considered to be species inquirenda.

The Emperor’s Cadlina, hidden diversity and gill cavity evolution: new insights for the taxonomy and phylogeny of dorid nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 762-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Korshunova ◽  
Karin Fletcher ◽  
Bernard Picton ◽  
Kennet Lundin ◽  
Sho Kashio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Japanese Species ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Gill Cavity ◽  
Cavity Evolution ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Dorids are one of the largest nudibranch groups, encompassing more than 2000 species. One of the crucial problems with tracing the evolution of dorids is the relationship between cryptobranch dorids (gill cavity present) and phanerobranch dorids (gill cavity absent). Integrative morphological and molecular studies of the enigmatic Japanese dorid species of the cryptobranch genus Cadlina, C. japonica and ‘C.’ sagamiensis, which were collected by the Emperor of Japan (Shōwa era), are presented here for the first time. It is shown that while C. japonica does belong to the Cadlina clade, another Japanese species ‘C.’ sagamiensis is not part of the cryptobranch dorids of the family Cadlinidae, but is related to both the phanerobranch dorid family, Hexabranchidae, and to the cryptobranch family Cadlinellidae stat. nov. A new genus, Showajidaia gen. nov., and new family, Showajidaiidae fam. nov., are proposed for ‘C.’ sagamiensis, and four new species of the genus Cadlina are described based on a dorid-wide molecular phylogenetic analysis, which is the first substantial update of the dorid family system since 2010. Integration of phylogenetic data with an ontogenetic model of dorid evolution suggests that cryptobranch organization can be most reliably assessed as the ancestral state for the majority of dorids.

scholarly journals Nuevos horizontes familiares: Una reflexión en la formación inicial del profesorado

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Ana Abril ◽  
Matilde Peinado
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Family Tree ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Family Diversity ◽  
New Family ◽  
Infant School ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spanish Legislation

Resumen:La sociedad actual ha transformado la estructura familiar; las familias diversas (monoparentales, ensambladas, homoparentales, etc.) ya no son la excepción. Aunque la legislación española atiende esta realidad, todavía no se aborda abiertamente en las aulas, como ocurre en otros países. La normalización de los nuevos modelos familiares debe de gestarse desde edades tempranas y el profesorado (en concreto su formación) es una pieza clave para garantizar el éxito. En este trabajo se presentan, en primer lugar, las ideas previas de los futuros profesores de Educación Infantil sobre la diversidad familiar. A continuación, se muestra el análisis crítico de los futuros docentes hacia dos instrumentos complementarios que favorecen el trabajo inclusivo: el árbol genealógico y el “familyme”. Por último, se discuten los resultados desde el punto de vista de la formación del profesorado y de una posible implementación en las aulas de infantil. Abstract:Modern society has transformed family structure. Diverse families are no longer the exception (single parents, homosexual parents, step families, etc.). Although Spanish legislation reflects this fact, it does not openly address it in the classroom as is the case in other countries. The standardisation of new family structures should be nurtured from a young age and teachers are a key element in guaranteeing that it is done successfully (especially through their training). Firstly, this study outlines the beliefs of future Early Childhood Education teachers on the subject of family diversity. The following critical analysis carried out by future teachers is set out regarding two complementary instruments which favour inclusive work: the family tree and the “familyme”. Lastly, results are discussed from a teacher training standpoint and from possible implementation within infant school classrooms.

Family Business and Family Change: Individual Autonomy, Democratization, and the New Family Business Institutions

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gilding
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
New Family ◽  
Australian Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject

The renewed attention to family business in western societies is usually attributed to a past lack of attention to the subject because of its private character and to the resurgence of family business in the context of economic restructuring. This paper argues that there is a third reason for the renewed attention to family business, namely, the changing character of the family institution. In particular, there are broad trends toward the pursuit of individual autonomy and democratization in family relationships. A qualitative study of high-wealth stakeholders in Australian family businesses found that the principles of individual autonomy and democratization presented challenges for family business solidarity and continuity. These challenges gave rise to new family business institutions designed to facilitate communication and trust. These institutions are at the center of the renewed attention to family business in western societies.

The family in the view of Israeli adolescents in foster care

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-221
Author(s):  
Michal Mahat-Shamir ◽  
Bilha Davidson Arad ◽  
Guy Shilo ◽  
Ronit Adler ◽  
Ronit D Leichtentritt
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Young People ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Family System ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Social Expectation ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Summary This qualitative study explores the unique views about the family system held by adolescents who have spent years in foster care in Israel. This inductive study is among the few to address the unheard views held, and the salient challenges faced, by adolescents who have not grown up in their biological parents’ home, with a focus on their view of the family. Findings Participants’ demonstrated conflicting, polarizing perceptions of the family: (a) family is a genetic system: blood is thicker than water; (b) the family system is constructed and limited by terminology; and (c) communication is essential to family life. Applications While the first two themes highlighted the participants’ family of origin as their “true family” the last theme emphasized on the foster family as their “true” family system. Synthesis between these views could not be achieved as informants embraced the social expectation perceiving the family as one. Raising social and professional awareness about the difficulties these young people face partly because of an exclusive social view of the family lies in the sphere of interest and the social work professional expertise.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL MODEL OF THR STUDENT'S RESILIENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 218-239
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Постылякова
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Family System ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Individual Resilience ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

В статье в рамках экологического и ресурсного подходов анализируется понятие индивидуальной жизнеспособности как важной характеристики студентов. Рассматриваются индивидуальные навыки жизнеспособности студента, проявляемой им в процессе обучения в университете, анализируются модели жизнеспособности А. Мастен и М. Унгара, созданные в рамках экологической модели развития Ю. Бронфеннбренера. Предложена экологическая модель жизнеспособности студента, которая позволяет учитывать большое число различных факторов риска, прямо или опосредованно оказывающих влияние на студента, и его защитных факторов, к которым он может обращаться для ответа на требования или угрозы, идущие от факторов риска. Факторы риска, действующие на уровне макросистем (актуальная экологическая, эпидемиологическая, экономическая и др. ситуации в стране или мире), в которые включен субъект, взаимодействуют со всеми нижележащими уровнями экологический системы (микро-, мезо- и экзосистемы, например, образовательная система вуза; семейная система и др.), и опосредованно оказывают на них влияние. Все это предъявляет к студенту требования, на которые он вынужден отвечать на основе своих индивидуальных ресурсов, а также ресурсов, заключенных на микро-, мезо- и экзо- уровнях. На любом из уровней, любая из систем может нести в себе как факторы риска, так и факторы защиты, быть ресурсной для отдельного студента. Риски могут возникать как на индивидуальном уровне (на уровне микросистем), так и на уровнях более высокого порядка. Поэтому и проявления жизнеспособности студентом оказываются необходимыми во всех этих системах и на разных уровнях. Развитие и усиление жизнеспособности происходит по мере того, как все уровни (семьи, университета, сообщества) работают вместе, чтобы положительно влиять на индивидуальный уровень жизнеспособности студента. Показано значение экологической модели жизнеспособности студента при использовании ее специалистами в области социальной, педагогической, семейной психологии, психологии развития для анализа факторов риска и жизнеспособности в научных исследованиях, психотерапевтической и консультационной работе. The article analyzes the concept of individual resilience as an important characteristic of students within the framework of environmental and resource approaches. The individual skills of the student's resilience shown by him in the process of studying at the University are considered, the models of resilience by A. Masten and M. Ungar created within the framework of the ecological model of development by Yu. Bronfenbrenner. An ecological model of the student's resilience is proposed, which allows us to take into account a large number of different risk factors that directly or indirectly affect the student, and his protective factors that he can turn to respond to the requirements or threats coming from risk factors. Risk factors operating at the level of macro-systems (current environmental, epidemiological, economic, etc. situations in the country or world), in which the subject is included, interact with all the underlying levels of the ecological system (micro -, meso - and exosystems, for example, the educational system of a university, the family system, etc.), and indirectly influence them. All this makes demands on the student, which he is forced to meet on the basis of his individual resources, as well as resources contained at the micro -, meso - and exo - levels. At any level, any of the systems can carry both risk factors and protection factors, be a resource for a student. Risks can occur both at the individual level (at the level of Microsystems) and at higher-order levels. The manifestations of resilience by the student are necessary in all these systems and at different levels. The development and strengthening of resilience occurs as all levels (family, university, community) work together to positively influence the individual level of the student's resilience. The importance of the ecological model of the student's resilience is shown when it is used by specialists in the field of social, pedagogical, family psychology, developmental psychology for the analysis of risk factors and resilience in scientific research, psychotherapeutic and consulting work.

Mental health care of the family – Reality and innovative projects in the Russian practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S735-S735
Author(s):  
E. Gutkevich ◽  
V. Lebedeva ◽  
S. Vladimirova ◽  
A. Semke
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Family System ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
The Family

IntroductionPsychosocial functional deficiency of persons with mental disorders covers the most important kinds of activity: work, education, independent living, and interactions with people, family interactions. Important aspect of rehabilitation practice is work with the family, relatives, and the nearest environment of patients due to decrease in the field of marriage or stable cohabitation.ObjectiveTo determine adaptive-preventive potential of the family in the area of mental health.Material and methodsThe analysis of multilevel characteristics of adaptation of 414 adult persons (patients with mental disorders and members of their families) with use of system approach and the methodical complex (“The Passport of Health of the Family”) has been carried out.ResultsWe define the adaptive-preventive potential of the family of mental patient as biological (genetic) and social-psychological opportunities of family system of the individual to compensate the limits of ontogenetic (life) cycle of the family of several generations caused by the illness of the family member. Novelty of the “Clinical-psychological model of anti-relapse behaviour based on interaction of mental patients, their families, persons from the general population and experts in the field of mental health” project consists of scientific justification of development of multilevel (individual, family, society) model of anti-relapse behavior.ConclusionThis multidisciplinary project is aimed at the persons entering into risk groups for development of mental disorder (for example, persons with sub-syndrome symptoms or with biological, and psychological or social risk factors) and the persons entering into risk groups for relapse of the existing mental disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Fiscal Instruments Supporting Families in Poland in the Years 2004-2017

e-Finanse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Michał Wojciuk ◽  
Łukasz Zegarowicz
Keyword(s):  
Family Policy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
New Family ◽  
Direct Benefits ◽  
The Family ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
High Level ◽  
Families With Children

AbstractThe main objective of the study was an attempt to describe the policy for supporting families with children in Poland in the years 2004-2017 in the context of traditional support instruments. The following research methods were used in the article: analysis of the literature on the subject and legal acts, analysis of statistical data and comparative analysis. The study uses statistical data from reports of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Policy. The study did not confirm the research hypothesis which says that in the analyzed period, tax preferences were the dominant instrument of support for families in Poland. Shifting the burden of family policy towards direct benefits is unlikely to increase the transparency of this policy. With the introduction of new family benefits at a high level, which are the subject of exemption from personal income tax, public spending made with the use of tax expenditures will also increase. The lack of detailed and cyclical reporting of this type of expenditure in Poland reduces the transparency of the family policy.

Families

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Heng Guo ◽  
Alison M. Heru
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Family System ◽  
Affected Individual ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
System P ◽  
The Family ◽  
Recovery Trajectory ◽  
Caregiver Burnout ◽  
Public Psychiatrists

Mental illness can deeply impact a family’s dynamic, sometimes leading to its breakdown. At the same time, family support can make or break the recovery trajectory of a person with mental illness. When traditional individual treatments are not effective, it is often an indicator that the family should be included. Observing family interactions can help determine a family’s and individual’s needs. In this chapter, a family’s story is used to illustrate how public psychiatrists can work with families to preserve attachments, develop understanding and support for the affected individual, and prevent caregiver burnout. The case illustrates how a genogram, family inclusion, and family psychoeducation can be used create a broader narrative and build empathy for the family system.

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