Jan Bosko’s pedagogy – the methodology of educational actions

2020 ◽  
Vol XI (3 (32)) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Joachim Glier
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Starting Point

Starting point in the methodology of educational actions of the Bosko’s pedagogy is getting to know the pupil. For this reason the educator has to contact with the pupil every day and talk to him (about his life, interests, likings, plans, dreams, learning). In the contacts with the pupil the educator shows him cordiality and goodwill, he tries to understand his problems and helps him to solve them. The educator also shows pupil respects that is due for human being. I this way the educator comes into emotional bond and acquires pupil’s confidence. Very important factor is family atmosphere and atmosphere of joy in relations between the educator and pupil. It is necessary to do everything the pupils to be healthy, strong, righteous, joyful and happy. Keywords; getting to know, contacting, relation of cordiality and goodwill, confidence, family atmosphere, atmosphere of joy, health, righteousness, respects for human being.

scholarly journals Figurative representation of death in the Italian comic book Dylan Dog

Jezikoslovlje ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-278
Author(s):  
Ilhana Škrgić
Keyword(s):  
Comic Book ◽  
Canonical Representation ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Grim Reaper ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Complex Integration ◽  
Individual Human ◽  
Static Visuals

The canonical representation of death as the Grim Reaper is a well-known trope in art. The main aim of this paper is to analyze this trope as it appears in selected instalments of the Italian comics series Dylan Dog. Fauconnier and Turner have extensively discussed its complexity by describing it in terms of the Blending Theory/Conceptual Theory model. As a complex integration of several mental spaces, including a space with an individual human being dying, and a harvest space, the Grim Reaper blend involves metaphoric and metonymic interactions of non-counterpart elements (Fauconnier & Turner 1998). This model will be used as a starting point in the analysis of the corpus consisting of four separate Dylan Dog stories. In the selected issues, the Grim Reaper appears in both the traditional version: a skeleton-like creature dressed in a monk’s robe and holding a scythe, as well as variants in which its appearance gains new and unusual characteristics. It will be demonstrated how the artists' use of the comics medium, with its combination of written text and static visuals, enables certain creative varieties on the classic trope.

scholarly journals THE CHILD AS AN «ARCHETYPE», «PROTOTYPE» AND «ASSEMBLAGE POINT»

2021 ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
Galina M. Ponomareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Scientific Paradigms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Status ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of

A new stage in the development of the humanities is largely connected with the understanding of the consequences of the «anthropological turn», the beginning of which is attributed to the 1960s-70s. Numerous discussions of this period led to the formation of new trends associated with the change of scientific paradigms and the transition to a post-non-classical interpretation of the «human phenomenon». The purpose of this article is to study the possible theoretical and methodological prospects that open up to philosophical anthropology due to the emergence of new explication models and new scientific lexicons. To achieve this goal, we chose the image of the Child, accumulating the most essential features of a person and a human being and interpreted metaphorically, as the starting point of the analysis. The Child is presented as an «anthropological constant» denoting a person’s ability to innovate and operate with imaginary phenomena endowed with the status of real ones. As an «anthropological constant», the Child acquires archetypal features that are significant for understanding the nature and meaning of any human activity and interpreting the processes of patterning human states. The approach developed in the article allows us to make several assumptions. First, the Child should be considered in the context of the drama of human existence, which consists in the infinite variability and fundamental incompleteness of the «human project». In this case, what comes to the fore is not the task of studying the boundaries of the human but the definition of the actual capabilities of a person. Secondly, the image of the Child embodies a state of transience, randomness. This requires a wider use of the method of multiple interpretations and post-phenomenological approaches within the framework of modern philosophical anthropology. Thirdly, the image of the Child embodies an existential conflict, which makes it possible to identify the complex dynamics of human states and describe them contextually.

scholarly journals The Origin of Labour Camp Theme in A.I. Solzhenitsyn’s Works: from Poetry to The Gulag Archipelago

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-263
Author(s):  
Nadezhda I. Glukhova ◽  
Nellya M. Shchedrina
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrative Poem ◽  
First Time ◽  
Labour Camp ◽  
Gulag Archipelago

In the present article A.I. Solzhenitsyn’s poetic works and The Gulag Archipelago are analyzed, their proximity and thematic kinship are revealed. The authors appeal to the creative history of these works, remark that poems and parts of the Archipelago are arranged according to a certain pattern. Both in poetry and prose, Solzhenitsyn reveals the path taken by Soviet convicts. Camps for political prisoners and I.V. Stalin’s death take significant place in his works. A.I. Solzhenitsyn is particularly interested in the unity of heroes with nature, communion with it as with an attribute of free people’s life. The writer claims that the camp may become a starting point for spiritual resurrection of a human being. Metaphorization as one of the artistic elements is used for the first time in lyrics to reveal the image of Russia. The authors conclude that the camp theme arose during Solzhenitsyn’s imprisonment and was first expressed in lyrics and the narrative poem Dorozhen’ka. The Gulag Archipelago was formed later not only from the personal experience of the author but also from numerous materials and evidence of eyewitnesses.

Image of human being refl ected in the education objectives preferred by parents

2019 ◽  
Vol 582 (7) ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Edyta Zawadzka
Keyword(s):  
Educational Environment ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Senses

Taking as a starting point for analysis the personalistic defi nition of education as a process aimed at helping the child to realize his/her humanity, the article focuses on the senses and meanings associated with the postulated vision of human being, which are refl ected in the teleological aspects of family education. The presented considerations are based on the results of a survey conducted at the beginning of 2019, in which 212 parents residing in the Łódź and Mazowieckie provinces took part. The presented refl ections show that aiming to realize humanity is an important area of family education. Image of human being refl ected in the preferred education objectives is characterized by partial heterogeneity and fragmentation. The specifi city of the characteristics of the analysed issue constructed in the article justifi es the importance of the school undertaking pedagogizing activities towards the family as an educational environment and compensatory towards the child.

Miguel de Unamuno’s Anthropological Theses – From Tragedy to Transcendence

Tekstualia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
Maria Gołębiewska
Keyword(s):  
Life Goals ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Internal Contradiction ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ontological Sense ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Individual Human

The aim of the text is to provide a preliminary discussion of the assumptions and anthropological theses in Miguel de Unamuno’s philosophy, mainly because of his best-known book from 1912 Del sentimiento trágico de la vida (Tragic Sense of Life). Unamuno’s extensive deliberations can be considered in many contexts: ontological, epistemological, ethical and axiological. However, anthropological theses seem to be dominant in his thoughts. In Unamuno’s anthropological theses, especially in his affi rmation of human existence, it is easy to see references to religious thought and theology (Catholic and Protestant). Unamuno infl uenced the further development of philosophy and his theses can be considered as a presentation of the main philosophical problems of the 20th century: the identity of the individual, the sense of existence, the individualisation of life goals and choices, freedom as a task facing the individual, the impermanence of norms and the search for lasting values, senses and meanings. It is easy to notice that what makes Unamuno’s theses stand out is the anthropocentrism of his theses, i.e. the belief in the original – in an ontological sense – essence of humanity. Unamuno, in his anthropological theses, captures the essence and existence of humanity, but the starting point is always the concrete, individual human being and its existence. In characterising humans, Unamuno describes the human effort and desire for immortality, adopts the assumptions of historical relativism, referring at the same time to the permanent and unchanging sphere of transcendence. He assumes an inherently diverse human being, which is internally contradictory. This internal contradiction results in different anthropologies, but also in a differentiated identity of the individual. The tragic character of the mundane existence relates to the irremovable aporias of the spiritual and the material in humans, as well as reason and will, aspiration and inability. Faith in God is the decisive element in the tragic existence of humans, which is nevertheless affi rmed by Unamuno. It is this existence in a mundane form that we wish to preserve through immortality and our way towards transcendence.

scholarly journals Las Canas de la Devoción: Prácticas Religiosas y Perspectiva de Género

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Felipe R. Vázquez-Palacios
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Female Roles ◽  
Old Men

<div><p>My purpose is to show the differences between old men and women, Catholics and Evangelicals, from a gender perspective. The starting point is that each phase of life has its own devotion, religious and social commitment, and the male/female roles are reconfigured, redefined, and more flexible as it travels to old age (above 75 years). The analysis is based on an ethnographic research in which 100 interviews and observations were realized in rural contexts of the Gulf of Mexico from 2010 to 2015. The results evidenced that regardless of gender and religious practices to go reducing cultic participation and social circle, certain roles, symbols and religious meanings were adopted, they became more personal, which led, in most of the time, to interactions more complementarity and solidarity where the continuity or discontinuity of its male and female roles constantly crisscross in their borders and where the most important is the human being as such.</p></div>

scholarly journals On the Categories of Possibility, Limiting Conditions and the Qualitative Development Stages of Matter in the Thought of Friedrich Engels

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Klaus Fuchs-Kittowski
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dialectical Thinking ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
Similarity And Difference ◽  
Physical Laws

The contradictory character of matter is the starting point of Friedrich Engels’s dialectical principles. Matter can move itself, thus producing ever new possibilities of development and gradually leading to the formation of quali­tatively higher forms of movement of matter. In this dialectical conception of development, the explanation of qualitative change is fundamental. Starting from the understanding that the inner contradic­tion is the source of development and its potential, the transition to a new quality is verifiable.  Prob­abilistic laws are the expression of the unity of necessity and chance in the real possibility. Limiting conditions, like specific structures, informational coupling and whole-part relationships and selection processes, restrict the field of possibilities opened by physical laws. This restriction of possibilities on the lower level opens up new possibilities of development on the higher level, where the transition to a new quality is realised. Materialist and dialectical thinking is the important basis of a theory of biology that is neither physicalist nor vitalist, of a theory of computer science that is neither physicalist nor dualist. Mechanistic thinking – reductionism, the denial of the specific qualities of the different forms of movement of matter – leads to philosophies that reduce the human being to an animal or computer and is both dangerous and inhuman. Computer science needs to engage with the history and application of materialistic and dialectical thinking. It needs to grasp the dialectical unity of similarity and difference between automa­ton and human in the concrete process of digitalisation and automation. It must overcome the widespread, increasing interest in reducing the human being to an automaton, in order to maintain the unique quality of the human being. It must protect and enhance the special qualities and abilities of human beings. The danger of anti-dialectical thinking, of modern forms of reductionism and the possibility, indeed necessity, of creating a better society, free from profit, greed and war is discussed in this paper in the context of Engels’s 200th birthday.

scholarly journals The contradictions of Lucas do Rio Verde - MT: The starting question to relate the category dignity of the human person and environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Mariele Schmidt Canabarro Quinteiro ◽  
Rogério Quinteiro Barcellos
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Religious Dogma ◽  
Second World ◽  
Dignified Life

In the socio-economic-cultural context in which the Lucas do Rio Verde Municipality is inserted, to talk about the dignity of the human being is to have a dialectic discussion that visits many areas of knowledge, but that can only be understood when related to the reality in which the Municipality is inserted. The phenomenon that occurs in the Lucas do Rio Verde - MT municipality, which has one of the best human development indexes in Brazil and astonishing economic growth, is the starting point for relating the category of human dignity to the environment. This is because in the case of the Municipality of Lucas do Rio Verde - MT environmental issues and social issues are so intertwined that dealing with the environment is the outcome of a discussion about the dignity of the human person. And when it comes to this Fundamental Right, so recognized by the Brazilian Federal Constitution, it covers not only the simple survival but also a dignified survival, that is, it is the guarantee that the human being can enjoy a dignified life. The contradictions presented by the Municipality of Lucas do Rio Verde - MT, are the starting point to verify that the development that emerged after the Second World War starts to be questioned because, instead of finding autonomy with individual emancipation, we found anonymity. Instead of secularization finding freedom from religious dogma, it has brought the loss of human foundations. In this context, it can be seen that economic development cannot prosper alone, under penalty of damaging the environment and affecting the dignity of the human being to such an extent that the human being, the protagonist of this development, is robbed of the possibility of enjoying a dignified life. The dignity of the human person is an inherent human principle that must always be analyzed in an empirical and real context. It is necessary to analyze a context, with all perspectives, to contemplate the most varied facets of the dignity of the human person. In the exemplary case of Lucas do Rio Verde - MT, it was verified that the violation of the environment brutally affects the dignity of the human being. Through this unit of analysis, which is the Municipality of Lucas do Rio Verde - MT, it is possible to verify that the environment and the dignity of the human being are related, making it possible to discuss Democracy and Human Rights.

scholarly journals Intuitive Law in the Light of Independent Ethics

Studia Humana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Obrycka
Keyword(s):  
Research Field ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Universal Solutions

Abstract The conception of the paper is connected with bringing forward the reflection of Leon Petrażycki on intuitive law. For this purpose I analyze the genesis and dynamics of this phenomenon on the cultural-historical level, as well as with reference to issues belonging to the scope of positive law. In addition, I broaden the research field with the range of problems touching on intuitionism, morality, and also independent ethics of Janusz Kotarbinski. The starting point of the methodological optics I assume is constituted by the multi-aspectual transformations surrounding us in the sphere of axiology. Hence, if the pedagogical aspects are taken into account, it seems to me justified to undertake some actions in order to search for the logically consistent, sensible and universal solutions, which can become an ethical guide-post for the contemporary human being.

Morpho-Semantic Evidence of Emerging Subjectivity in the Language of the Nahḍah — A Proposal

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-252
Author(s):  
Stephan Guth
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Verbal Nouns ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Many ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Oriented Approach

Abstract This article reviews some key concepts of the Arab(ic) Nahḍah with the aim of highlighting the usefulness of a more genuinely linguistic, i.e., grammar- and etymology-oriented approach for a deeper understanding of some basic features of the foundational period of Arab modernity. My contention and starting-point is that the Nahḍah was, among other things, an era in which the Arab subject came to sense its own agency. This is reflected not only in the many phenomena we are used to associate with the Nahḍah — the emergence of the intellectual, of critical journalism, of historicism, sentimentalism, new literary genres, etc. — but also in the morpho-semantics of key Nahḍah terminology. I argue (a) that the self-referential t-morpheme that features in many words signifying important Nahḍah concepts, such as taraqqī, taqaddum, or tamaddun, can and should be seen in the same light, i.e., as an indicator of a new emphasis on the self. Moreover, I argue that both the grammatical form of the new vocabulary (e.g., the -iyyah suffix for abstracts, verbal nouns, the causative patterns of form II and IV) and its “original”, “basic” (root) meanings underline (b) secularisation and the concomitant centrality of the human being, as well as (c) proactivity, energetic verve, and creativity, i.e., the subject’s being a cause of change in time (hence history). Thus, each new conceptual term is a little ‘Nahḍah in a nutshell,’ containing the very essence of Nahḍawi thought and the actual experience of feeling “modern”.

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