scholarly journals Endophytic Detection in Selected European Herbal Plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Goryluk-Salmonowicz ◽  
Monika Piórek ◽  
Hanna Rekosz-Burlaga ◽  
Marcin Studnicki ◽  
Mieczysław Błaszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Chelidonium Majus ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Erigeron Annuus ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽  
Subtilis Group

A total of 181 cultivable endophytic bacterial isolates were collected from stems of 13 species of herbs inhabiting Europe (Poland): Chelidonium majus L., Elymus repens L., Erigeron annuus L., Euphrasia rostkoviana Hayne, Foeniculum vulgare L., Geranium pratense L., Humulus lupulus L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Mentha arvensis L., Papaver rhoeas L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Solidago gigantea L. and Vinca minor L. The isolates were screened for their antifungal activity and fifty three were found to inhibit fungal growth. Of these, five had strong antifungal properties. These selected isolates were identified as: Pseudomonas azotoformans, P. cedrina, Bacillus subtilis group and Erwinia persicina.

scholarly journals Etnobotanička primjena samoniklog bilja

Krmiva ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Maja Krželj ◽  
Ivana Vitasović Kosić
Keyword(s):  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
On Line ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

Čovjek nikada nije napustio korištenje samoniklog bilja u različite svrhe; kao hranu (za ljude i životinje), odjeću, obuću, lijekove, oruđe i oružje tj. za sve što mu je potrebno. Stoga, u cilju očuvanja tradicionalne nematerijalne baštine kao i biljne raznolikosti u ovom su Etnobotaničkom istraživanju, provedenom tijekom 2018. godine, prikupljena tradicionalna narodna znanja o primjeni jestivog i ljekovitog bilja na području općine Šestanovac (Dalmatinska Zagora). Ukupno je zabilježena upotreba 94 svojte, njihovi lokalni nazivi, te načini Korištenja bilja. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da se najveći broj vrsta samoniklih biljaka najčešće koristi kao: sirove salate ili kuhano povrće (29), sirovo divlje voće (13), svakodnevni i/ili medicinski čajevi (33), začinske biljke (5), a 25 ih ima specifičnu medicinsku uporabu. Najveći broj vrsta pripada porodicama Lamiaceae (12), Rosaceae (11) i Asteraceae (10). Prema načinu upotrebe inventarizirane biljke su podijeljene na 4 skupine: hrana za ljude, ljekovito bilje, hrana za životinje i prirodni insekticidi. Vrste s najvećom frekvencijom Spominjanja su šparoga (Asparagus acutifolius L.), koromač (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) i kopriva (Urtica dioica L.), koji se kuhaju zasebno ili kao mješavina lisnatog samoniklog povrća „mišancija“, lovor (Laurus nobilis L.) i ružmarin (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) koji se koriste kao začin i medicinski čaj, kadulja (Salvia officinalis L.) i divlja ruža ili šipurina (Rosa canina L.) koje se uobičajeno koriste kao svakodnevni čaj. Najneobičnija upotreba na istraživanom području je za čuvarkuću (Sempervivum tectorum L.) koja uz široko poznatu upotrebu protiv uhobolje, pomaže kod upalih procesa nakon uboda komarca te bilu slavulju ili bjelušinu (Inula verbascifolia (Willd.) Hausskn.) koja se u nedostatku slame koristi kao stelja (podloga) životinjama u staji. Vrste sakupljene na području istraživanja su herbarizirane, digitalizirane te dostupne on-line u ZAGR Herbariju.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of indigenous Bacillus spp. isolated from soil

2017 ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Bjelic ◽  
Maja Ignjatov ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Nemanja Spremo ◽  
Maja Karaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Biocontrol using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represents an alternative approach to disease management, since PGPR are known to promote growth and reduce diseases in various crops. Among the different PGPR, members of the genus Bacillus are prefered for most biotechnological uses due to their capability to form extremely resistant spores and produce a wide variety of metabolites with antimicrobial activity. The objective of this research was to identify antagonistic bacteria for management of the plant diseases. Eleven isolates of Bacillus spp. were obtained from the soil samples collected from different localities in the Province of Vojvodina. The antifungal activity of bacterial isolates against five fungal species was examined using a dual plate assay. Bacillus isolates exhibited the highest antifungal activity against Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae and Alternaria padwickii, while they had the least antagonistic effect on Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium graminearum. Molecular identification showed that effective bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus safensis (B2), Bacillus pumilus (B3, B11), Bacillus subtilis (B5, B7) and Bacillus megaterium (B8, B9). The highest antagonistic activity was exhibited by isolates B5 (from 39% to 62% reduction in fungal growth) and B7 (from 40% to 71% reduction in fungal growth). These isolates of B. subtilis could be used as potential biocontrol agents of plant diseases.

Sulfur-oxidizing buffalo dung bacteria enhance growth and yield of Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya Dhiman ◽  
Ramesh Chand Dubey ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari ◽  
Sandeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Buffalo Dung

This study aimed to harness the benefits of sulfur-oxidizing beneficial bacteria from buffalo dung to improve crop yields of Foeniculum vulgare. A total of 61 bacterial isolates were screened from buffalo dung, of which 40 isolates exhibited plant-growth-promoting attributes, such as phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid production, and hydrogen cyanide production. Of these 40, four bacterial isolates, viz., BUFF12, BUFF14, BUFF23, and BUFF38, were the most potent, having plant-growth-promoting and sulfur-oxidizing properties. These four isolates produced phytase by solubilizing calcium phytate and sodium phytate. They solubilized potassium besides oxidizing the sulfur, causing an increase in soil fertility and crop production. All four isolates were nonpathogenic in nature, as demonstrated by a negative haemolysis test. According to the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the isolate BUFF14 was identified as Proteus mirabilis. Proteus mirabilis BUFF14 maximized seed germination with enhanced vegetative and reproductive parameters during pot and field trial studies, compared with the other isolates.

scholarly journals USO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS: CONHECIMENTO PARA PROMOÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (Esp) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Barros de Souza ◽  
Laura Hévila Inocêncio Leite
Keyword(s):  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Cultura Popular

<p>O presente trabalho teve como objetivo resgatar informações sobre o uso de plantas medicinais utilizadas pelos moradores da região da Serra no Município de Brejo Santo, no Cariri Cearense  - CE, bem como na sua utilização popular, seu preparo e a correta identificação botânicas destas plantas. Além disso, servir para a difusão da cultura popular do uso das plantas e sua relação com a Educação Ambiental. Foram empregados diálogos para direcionar a entrevista baseado em questionário estruturado com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Coletou-se informações sobre 20 espécies vegetais mais usada pela população da região e suas aplicações terapêuticas, e como é feita orientação de seu uso por parte da equipe de saúde que faz parte do PSF (Programa Saúde da Família). Os dados foram coletados no mês março e abril de 2016, feito com 04 agentes de saúde da região da Serra, a entrevista se propôs a avaliar as principais formas de uso, como é orientado pelas agentes de saúde a utilizar esses vegetais, quais as partes utilizadas, para que e como. Os resultados demonstram que 85% dos entrevistados fazem uso de plantas medicinais e apenas 15% destes não fazem. Foram citadas 53 espécies de plantas medicinais distribuídas em 34 famílias botânicas as mais citadas foram: Asteraceae com 29%, Lamiaceae 24%, Myrtaceae e Lauraceae com 19 e 14%, respectivamente. As plantas mais citadas foram: hortelã do Brasil (Mentha arvensis L.) com 14 citações, boldo goiano (Vernonia condensata Baker) e erva cidreira (Melissa officinalis L.) com 11, erva doce (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) com 6, camomila (Chamomilla recutita (L) Rauschert.) com 5, babosa (Aloe vera (L.) Burn.F) e alho (Alliun sativum L.) com 4 citações. A forma de uso mais citada pelos moradores foi o chá. No preparo das receitas, a folha obteve o maior número de citação e as indicações terapêuticas mais citadas foram: antiflamatório, cicatrizante, calmante, diarreia, gripe. Com relação ao entendimento de educação em sáude, a maioria dos entrevistados informaram que a mesma é entendida como agente sensibilizador no sentido de educar para conscientizar a população.  Nesse contexto, o uso e conhecimento sobre plantas medicinais, é uma ferramenta que auxilia na educação para a promoção da saúde.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Palavras-Chaves</strong>: Planta medicinal, Agentes de sáude, Educação para saúde.</p>

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Various Ethanolic Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Some Human Pathogenic Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1272-1276
Author(s):  
Samir K. Ali ◽  
Ghorbat S. Ali ◽  
Berivan Abdulrahman Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

The widespread use of antibiotics often causes increase in the bacterial drugs resistance and causes many side effects in humans. Medical plants have antimicrobial effects against most pathogenic bacteria and can serve as harmless replacement to antibiotics. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial effect of five medicinal plant prevailed in Kurdistan region namely; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D.Don), Nigella (Nigella sativa L.), Allium (Allium hirtifolium Boiss.), Carrot (Daucus carota L.), and Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) against pathogenic Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), and pathogenic Gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli). The evaluation of antibacterial activity for these plant extracts was carried out using agar-well diffusion method. Results showed that minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A. hirtifolium against tested bacterial isolates were (25 mg/mL), the lowest MIC values for S. aureus were (25 mg/mL) observed with C. cassia, N. sativa and F. vulgare ethanolic extracts and the lowest MIC of D. carota against bacterial isolates were (50 mg/mL), Also, it was observed that S. aureus was more sensitive than S. typhi and E. coli to plant extracts. The ethanol plant extracts had potential antibacterial activities. However, further studies are required to identify the active compounds which could be used for the preparation of new antimicrobial agents and control the bacterial infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of the Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria from the Fairy Rings of Floccularia Luteovirens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
minghang xu ◽  
Rui Xing ◽  
Qing-bo Gao ◽  
Fa-qi Zhang ◽  
Shi-long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Fairy Rings ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Abstract Floccularia luteovirens is an edible ectomycorrhizal fungus which forms fairy rings (FRs) distributed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Our previous study found four isolates of potential mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB), but they were only isolated from a single FR and their mycorrhizal promoting ability was not tested. Thus, it was necessary to collect samples from a larger area and measure the mycorrhizal promoting ability of the potential candidates. Of 184 bacterial isolates from five fairy rings located in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau belonging to 12 species, and 7 of them (58.3%) significantly promoting the growth of F. luteovirens. We also tested the symbiosis-promoting ability of the isolates, and the results showed that only four of them stimulated the formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis. This is the first report of the construction of mycorrhizal symbiosis between F. luteovirens and its host plant in greenhouse conditions. Our results showed that the strain A89 (Achromobacter marplatensis) could produce antifungal properties but nonetheless stimulated the fungal growth. This may due to the nutrient condition of medium and the genotype specificity of MHBs. The results suggest that the promotion of significant growth is not a good predictor for mycorrhiza formation promotion ability of MHB.

scholarly journals Concise review: Herbal remedies and herbal plants for constipation in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2260-2267
Author(s):  
Marjan Vakili ◽  
Shokoufeh Ahmadipour ◽  
Parisa Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Herbal Plants

Background: Constipation refers to difficult or delayed bowel emptying lasting 2 weeks or more and causing anxiety and distress in patients, and it is one of the most common problems in children. To treat constipation, therapeutic measures such as nutritional methods, feedback training, osmotic laxatives and stimulants, as well as stool volume enhancers, are used; however, each has its own problems and side effects. Medicinal plants have been shown to be effective in the treatment of many diseases, including constipation. Therefore, this review was conducted to report the medicinal plants effective for constipation. Methods: In the current review, eligible articles indexed from databases such as ISI (Web of Science), PubMed, Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Center, Scientific Information Database, and Magiran were retrieved using the keywords ‘constipation’, ‘children constipation’, ‘baby’s and newborn constipation’, ‘medicinal plants’, and ‘traditional medicine’. Results: Available evidence showed that the medicinal plants Olea europaea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Prunus armeniaca, Brassica oleracea var. italica, Malus domestica, Linum usitatissimum, Aloe vera, Vitis vinifera, Foeniculum vulgare, Ficus carica, Ricinus communis, Sesamum indicum, and Descurainia sophia are some of the most important medicinal plants for the treatment of constipation in traditional medicine. Conclusion: Herbal plants are important for isolation/ preparation of new drugs in the treatment of constipation in children. In future studies, it may be beneficial to further understand and classify herbal plants/remedies, based on their mechanisms, as laxatives in the treatment of constipation.

scholarly journals Isolation and quantification of bacterial isolates from citrus fruits and determination of their anti-bacterial activity against selected pathogens

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Rowshan Akter ◽  
Nusrat Islam Tanu ◽  
Md Aftab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Vibrio Spp

The present study was undertaken with the aim of investigating the isolation and quantification of microorganisms from the citrus fruit samples collected from different areas of Dhaka city. Out of ten samples studied, the range of total viable bacterial proliferation was approximately 102 to 107 cfu/g. Among the specific bacterial pathogens, prevalence of Klebsiella spp. was found in five samples, Listeria spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in four samples and Vibrio spp. in three samples only. The presumptive identification of these isolates was done by the conventional cultural, microscopic and biochemical tests. Fungal growth was also observed in four samples within the range of 1.2×103 to 3.6×103 cfu/g. Interestingly, Prunus mume/domestica (plum) showed the anti-bacterial activity against all the laboratory bacterial isolates tested. Among other samples, Tanarindus bacilus (tamarind) was found to exhibit activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp., and Listeria spp. On the other hand, Monifera indica (mango) showed anti-bacterial efficacy against E. coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Listeria spp. and Citrus limon (lemon) only against Pseudomonas spp. and Listeria spp. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v3i1.22750 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.3(1) 2013: 30-33

Studies on the Fungal Pathogen of Dutch Elm Disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
H.M. Mazzone ◽  
G. Wray ◽  
R. Zerillo
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Sabouraud Agar ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Control Plate

The fungal pathogen of the Dutch elm disease (DED), Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) C. Moreau, has eluded effective control since its introduction in the United States more than sixty years ago. Our studies on DED include establishing biological control agents against C. ulmi. In this report we describe the inhibitory action of the antibiotic polymyxin B on the causal agent of DED.In screening a number of antibiotics against C. ulmi, we observed that filter paper discs containing 300 units (U) of polymyxin B (Difco Laboratories) per disc, produced zones of inhibition to the fungus grown on potato dextrose agar or Sabouraud agar plates (100mm x 15mm), Fig. 1a. Total inhibition of fungal growth on a plate occurred when agar overlays containing fungus and antibiotic (polymyxin B sulfate, ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) were poured on the underlying agar growth medium. The agar overlays consisted of the following: 4.5 ml of 0.7% agar, 0.5 ml of fungus (control plate); 4.0 ml of 0.7% agar, 0.5 ml of fungus, 0.5 ml of polymyxin B sulfate (77,700 U). Fig. 1, b and c, compares a control plate and polymyxin plate after seven days.

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