Nutritive value of guinea grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) and urea supplemented race straw for cattle

SummaryDry-matter intake (D.M.I.) fromPanicum maximum(guinea grass) was studied in digestibility trials with Holstein and water buffalo bulls and in a feeding trial with lactating cows.Differences in voluntary D.M.I. per unit body weight0·73between the Holsteins and water buffaloes were not significant. Average D.M.I. for all bulls in all main trials was 2·16 kg per 100 kg B.W. Average D.M.I. by the lactating cows was 2·08 kg per 100 kg B.W., for all practical purposes the same as for the bulls.D.M.I. was not related to stage of maturity or season of harvest of the guinea grass. Intakes of digestible protein, T.D.N., and digestible energy in different seasons and at different growth stages were related to the percentage of those nutrients in the grass.Correlation coefficients were 0·68 between D.M.I. and B.W.0·73, 0·59 between D.M.I. and T.D.N. content, and 0·58 between D.M.I. and crude protein content, D.M.I. was not closely related to dry-matter content (r= 0·30) or crude fibre content (r= 0–01) of the guinea grass.

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The nutritive value of Panicum maximum (Guinea grass): I. Yields and chemical composition related to season and herbage growth stage

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600018530 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 155-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

W. L. Johnson ◽

W. A. Hardison ◽

L. S. Castillo

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Evaluation Studies ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Wet Season ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Herbage Yield ◽

Guinea Grass

The results of more than fifty estimates1 of herbage yield and ninety-seven analyses of chemical composition are presented in the first of several reports on nutritive evaluation studies of Panicum maximum (guinea grass). Effects of stage of maturity and season are discussed.Herbage yield increased at an increasing rate with maturity, and was depressed by about 40 % in the dry season compared to the wet season. The most significant differences in chemical composition were a decrease in crude protein from 9·8 % to 6·6% and a corresponding increase in crude fibre from 32·1 % to 39·4% as the grass matured from about 2½ weeks to about 2½ months in age. An increased level of nitrogen fertilization resulted in crude protein content being nearly doubled and crude fibre somewhat reduced.

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Animal Performance with and without Supplements in Mombaça Guinea Grass Pastures during Dry Season

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n7p145 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 145 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Itânia Maria Medeiros de Araújo ◽

Gelson Dos Santos Difante ◽

Valéria Pacheco Batista Euclides ◽

Denise Baptaglin Montagner ◽

Rodrigo Da Costa Gomes

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Block Design ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Dry Season ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Animal Performance ◽

Dry Period ◽

Protein Energy ◽

Guinea Grass ◽

Energy Supplementation

The objectives were to: 1) evaluate the potential of the animal performance on Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça (mombaça guinea grass) pasture during dry season, and 2) determine the effects of protein or protein-energy supplementation on liveweight gain of steers grazing guinea grass pasture. A complete randomized block design was employed with three treatments and three replicates. Treatments included non-supplemented animals (NS) and animals supplemented with protein (PS) or protein-energy (PES), provided at 0.15% or 0.6% of body weight for 115 days, during dry period. We used 36 weaned calves from initial bodyweigh (LW) of 192 kg (±5 kg) on nine plots of mombaça guinea grass (1.25 ha each). Each month, animals were weighed and pastures sampled to estimate forage characteristics. The average daily gain (ADG) was greater (P = 0.0001) for cattle fed supplement than for cattle fed no supplement (250 g steer-1), and greater for protein-energy supplement (770 g steer-1) than for protein supplement (460 g steer-1). Mombaça guinea grass pastures with 45 cm height at the end of the wet season have enough forage mass for maintenance throughout the dry season about 1.4 AU ha-1 (AU = 450 kg BW), and reasonable nutritive value (average of 8,1% of crude protein and 55,3% of in vitro organic matter digestibility) to provide small gains. Considering the nutritive value of Mombaça guinea grass during the dry period, protein and energy supplementation is required for weaned calves to optimize their performance.

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Nutritive Value and Preference of Guinea-Grass Ensiled with or without Additive by West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats

Tropical Animal Science Journal ◽

10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.173 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 173-182

Author(s):

T. O. Abegunde ◽

S. O. Babalola ◽

B. T. Adeoye ◽

A. O. Usman ◽

O. M. Akinfemi

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

West African ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

West African Dwarf ◽

Guinea Grass ◽

Silage Additives ◽

Cassava Peels

A study was designed to investigate silage additives’ effect on preference and nutritive value of five weeks re-growth guinea grass by West African dwarf (WAD) goats. The silages of five weeks re-growth guinea grass were made without additive (T1), with cassava peels additive (T2), and with fermented epiphytic juice of lactic acid bacteria in Panicum maximum (FEJPM) additive (T3). The effects of silage additives on preference, voluntary feed intake, growth, digestibility, and nitrogen utilization were assessed using 18 growing WAD goats (BW: 5.88±0.26 kg) in a completely randomized design. Dry matter was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 silage (40.70 g/100g) than in T1 silage (39.00) and T3 silage (34.60). Crude protein values were similar (p>0.05) in T1 and T3 silages (10.63 and 10.72 g/100g DM) that were significantly lower (p<0.05) than that in T2 silage (12.54 g/100g DM). The silages of guinea grass had acceptable physical attributes in terms of color, odor, and texture, with pH values ranging from 3.87- 4.97. T1 and T3 silages were rejected, whereas T2 silage was accepted well by the experimental WAD goats. Average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly (p<0.05) the highest in the WAD goats fed T2 silage (303.30 g/day), and the lowest (p<0.05) was found in WAD goats fed T1 silage (271.60 g/day). Similar to the ADFI, the highest average daily gain (ADG) was found in WAD goats fed T2 silage (37.25 g/day), and the lowest ADG (p<0.05) was found in WAD goats fed T1 silage (24.50 g/day). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of WAD goats fed T2 silage (8.15) was superior to those of WAD goats fed T1 silage (13.63) and T3 silage (9.66). Crude protein and dry matter digestibility values were higher (p<0.05) in WAD goat fed T2 silage (68.24 and 63.87%, respectively) than in WAD goats fed T1 and T3 silages. Nitrogen intake and balance were significantly (p<0.05) the highest in WAD goats fed T2 silage (12.41 and 8.68 g/day, respectively), and these variables were similar in WAD goats fed T1 and T3 silages. Nitrogen retention was not affected by the silage additives. It was concluded that cassava peels were better than FEJPM as a silage additive since it improved fermentative quality, acceptability, feed intake, and digestibility of guinea grass silage by WAD goats.

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Fermentative profile and nutritive value of corn silage with Tamani guinea grass

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6p2733 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 2733-2746

Author(s):

Francielly Paludo ◽

◽

Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽

Mariana Borges de Castro Dias ◽

Fábio Adriano Santos e Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Protein Fractionation ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Guinea Grass

The use of silage has been an efficient alternative to feed supply during the shortage of roughage in dry periods, providing quality feed that is widely used in ruminant feeding. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentative characteristics and nutritive value of corn silage with Tamani guinea grass (Panicum maximum BRS cv. Tamani) through chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility and protein fractionation. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments consisted of five silages: corn; corn with 10% Tamani guinea grass; corn with 20% Tamani guinea grass; corn with 30% Tamani guinea grass; and corn with 40% Tamani guinea grass, totalling 20 experimental silos. The addition of tamani grass to silages was determined based on fresh matter. For ensiling, corn was harvested with 320 g kg-1 DM (dry matter) and Tamani guinea grass in a 30-day development cycle with 286 g kg-1 DM. After 50 days of silage, the silos were opened to analyse the fermentative characteristics, chemical composition and protein fractionation of the silage. The results showed that the addition of Tamani guinea grass in corn silage increased the pH and buffering capacity and reduced the dry matter and lactic acid concentration but did not compromise the fermentative characteristics of silages. The addition of 40% Tamani guinea grass in corn silage provided increased levels of crude protein, in vitro dry matter digestibility, protein A, B1 and C, and decreased the fractions B3 and C, which makes Tamani guinea grass an alternative to improve the quality of exclusive corn silage, resulting in better quality silage.

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Effects of Fertilizers and Management on Three Promising Tropical Grasses in Jamaica

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700021578 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 281-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. A. Richards

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Management Practices ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Best Management ◽

Digitaria Decumbens ◽

Guinea Grass ◽

Cutting Experiment ◽

Fertilizer Regimes

SummaryYields are presented for a 54-week cutting experiment (1962–3) in which coastal bermuda (Cynodon dactylon sp.), pangola (Digitaria decumbens) and guinea (Panicum maximum) grasses were subjected to three cutting heights (1, 3 and 6 inches), four cutting intervals (1, 3, 6 and 9-weeks) and four nitrogen fertilizer regimes (0, 8, 16 and 32 cwt sulphate of ammonia per acre per annum). The results indicate that coastal bermuda and pangola grasses will tolerate severe cutting but not guinea grass. The highest dry matter yields were obtained from guinea grass, at 16½ tons/acre. Whereas the highest yields of coastal bermuda and pangola were 12½ and 12 tons/acre respecitvely. In the absence of measures of nutritive value it is impossible to say which is the best management system to adopt, but the facts presented may help to determine management practices.

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The nutritive value of Panicum maximum (Guinea grass) II. Digestibility by cattle and water buffaloes, related to season and herbage growth stage

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600018542 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 161-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

W. L. Johnson ◽

A. L. Ordoveza ◽

W. A. Hardison ◽

L. S. Castillo

Keyword(s):

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

The Philippines ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Water Buffaloes ◽

Guinea Grass

Fifteen digestibility trials were conducted in the wet, early dry, and late dry seasons in the Philippines. Panicum maximum (guinea grass) was fed at growth stages of 1–4 months to Bos taurus (Holstein), Bos indicus (Red Sindhi), and Bos bubalis (water buffalo) bulls.Significant differences were shown between digestibility coefficients from water buffaloes and those from Holstein cattle, the former having a 5–7 % advantage in most cases. Ratios of volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid from the two species were not different. Separate tables of digestible protein, TDN and digestible energy values for guinea grass were computed for cattle and water buffaloes.

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Potentials of Ensiled Panicum Maximum with Different Crop Residues as Ruminant Feed During Dry Season

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrset196485 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 423-437

Author(s):

Binuomote R. T. ◽

Adeyi T. K. ◽

Ojoawo O. T.

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Gas Production ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Guinea Grass

The experiment was conducted to determine the nutritive value of ensiled guinea grass with different additives using in-vitro gas production method. The silage were in 5 treatments T1: 90% of guinea grass + 10% yellow maize residue, T2: 90% of guinea grass + 10% white maize residue, T3: 90% of guinea grass + 10% guinea corn residue, T4: 90% of guinea grass + 10% soy bean residue, T5: 100% of guinea grass.. The silage quality, physical properties, chemical composition, the in vitro gas production after 24hours of incubation were investigated. Methane (CH4) gas produced was measured. Metabolizable energy (ME), Organic matter digestibility (OMD) and the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) were estimated from the in vitro gas production parameters. The colour of the silage varied among the silage treatments and were closer to the colours of the fresh forage. All the silage had pleasant smell and the temperature had no significant difference among the silage treatments. The pH ranged from 4.23 � 5.60 which has significant difference among the silage treatments. The chemical composition of the silage were as follows: Dry matter (DM) 23.73 to 29.50%, Crude protein (CP), 6.93 to 11.05%; Crude fibre (CF), 27.84 to 31.20%; and ash, 15.01 to 17.50%. Hemicellulose ranges from 23.29 to 26.05%, Cellulose ranges from 21.07 to 30.50%. The mineral composition value of the ensiled ranges are as follow: CA, 0.19 to 0.23%; P, 0.17 to 0.19%; NA, 0.08 to 0.11%; k, 0.34 to 0.45%; MG, 0,10 to 0.13%. Potential gas production varied from 13.00 ml/200mg DM to 18.67 ml/200mg DM. The high (P<0.05) potential gas value of 18.67 ml/200mg DM was obtained for silage T4. The highest value of ME (5.41MJ/kg DM); OMD (46.10%) and SCFA (0.51-mol) were obtained in silage T3 which contain 90% guinea grass with 10%guineacorn residue. Result indicates that silage from 90% guinea grass with 10% white maize residue have the best nutritive value.

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