Sheep-Oil Palm Integration : Grazing Preference, Nutritive Value, Dry Matter Intake Estimation and Digestibility of Herbage

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

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Effects of poultry manure and nitrogen rates from two production systems on dry matter yield, and nutritive value of Columbus grass (Sorghum almum)

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v43i1.2783 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 378-384

Author(s):

M. Baba ◽

I. Lamir ◽

I. Abdullahi ◽

M. S. Sadique

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Production Systems ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Forage Quality ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Nitrogen Rates

The experiment was conducted at screen house of Centre for Dry land Agriculture, Bayero University Kano, in the year 2016. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of poultry manure and nitrogen rates from battery cage and deep litter systems on dry matter yield, morphological characteristics and forage quality of Columbus grass (Sorghum almum). Sorghum almum seeds were sown in 32 plastic containers (dimensions 26 cm height, 28 cm top width and 20cm base width) perforated at the bottom containing 12 kg mixture of sandy and loamy soil in ratio of 1:3. The treatments consisted of poultry manure from two production systems (Battery cage and Deep litter) and nitrogen rates (50, 60, 70 and 80 kgN/ha) in a 2x4 factorial combined in a completely randomized design. Parameters measured were dry matter yield, number of tillers and stem diameter at the late boot stage of Sorghum almum, in addition, forage quality parameters (CP, ADF NDF, digestible dry matter (DDM) dry matter intake as a percentage of body weight (DMI) and relative feud value (RFV)) were also evaluated. The results revealed no significant (p>0.05) difference between battery cage and deep litter fertilized Sorghum almum but deep litter fertilized Sorghum almum had numerically higher dry matter yield (5062.30 kg/ha) than battery cage (4400.40 kg/ha) Number of tillers and stem diameter were found to be significantly greater (p<0.05) in Deep litter (2.56 and5.70mm respectively) compared to Battery cage (1.13 and 5.08mm respectively. Both dry matter yield and stem diameter of Sorghum almum were significantly (p<0.05) highest at 80 kg N/ha. Crude protein was observed to be significant (P<0.05) in Sorghum almum fertilized with poultry manure from deep liter (11.35%) compared with buttery cage (10.05 %). The CP value was observed to increase with increased nitrogen rate with the highest value recorded at 80 kg N/ha (1.71%). Dry matter intake (us a percentage of body weight) was equally greater (p<0.05) in Sorghum album fertilized with deep litter (2.63%) compared to battery cage (2.49%). The value for NDF was significantly higher in sorghum almum fertilized with battery cage, while that of ADF was greater in deep litter it can be concluded that, Sorghum almum fertilized with manure from deep litter system produced better yield and nutritive value.

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Estimation of pasture herbage intake by beef cattle based on n-alkanes as markers

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1702 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Piotr Nowakowski ◽

Katarzyna Czyz ◽

Marta Iwaszkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Minimally Invasive ◽

National Park ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Creeping Bentgrass ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Agrostis Stolonifera ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Herbage Intake ◽

Invasive Method

The aim of the study was to evaluate herbage dry matter intake in 16 beef cows which grazed continuously on permanent pastures within the “The Warta Estuary” National Park (Poland), using the minimally invasive method based on n-alkanes as markers (C29, C31, C33). Significant differences were observed in the nutritive value of herbage collected for analyses by cutting or nipping. The calculated content of energy and protein in the nipped herbage was higher: UFL by 58.1% and PDI by 50%, with a higher digestibility of nutrients. The values obtained for DM intake in pasture herbage by cows were closest to the standards when calculations were based on the C29/C32 pair of n-alkanes. However, the best prediction of DM intake estimation from creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) pasture, in agreement with the accepted energy and protein standards, was based on the proportions between alkanes C31/C32.

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Dry matter intake and rumen fermentation in steers fed untreated grass hay or hay treated with urea, sodium hydroxide or a combination of both

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600018948 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 1990 ◽

pp. 114-114

Author(s):

A. P. Moloney ◽

A. V. Flynn

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

High Temperature ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Test Material ◽

Grass Hay

Treatment of poor quality roughages with ammonia or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has been demonstrated in numerous studies to improve the nutritive value of these materials. Ammonia is usually applied in anhydrous or aqueous forms in stacks at ambient temperature or anhydrous in high temperature ovens (e.g. Mason et al., 1989) while NaOH is usually applied as an aqueous solution either as a spray or by immersion of the test material (e.g. Wanapat et al., 1985). The objective of this study was to determine the effects on composition and subsequent rumen fermentation when low digestibility grass hay was treated with ammonia and/or NaOH by a procedure which might be readily used at farm level.

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COMPARISON OF MALE STERILE CORN AND REGULAR CORN AS SILAGE FOR DAIRY COWS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas84-048 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 427-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. L. BURGESS ◽

J. W. G. NICHOLSON

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Relative Nutritive Value ◽

Corn Hybrid

The relative nutritive value of male sterile corn silage (23.7% dry matter) and regular corn silage (26.5% dry matter) was determined with lactating dairy cows during three consecutive crop years. The regular corn hybrid had 25% of the kernels removed by black birds prior to harvesting. Grain was fed according to milk production (1 kg/2.75 kg milk) and silage was offered ad libitum as the only forage. Dry matter, soluble carbohydrate and insoluble nitrogen percentages were lower while crude protein and acid detergent fiber levels were higher in the male sterile corn silage. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, nitrogen and energy determined with sheep were not different between silages. Silage dry matter intake and total dry matter intake were higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed regular corn silage in only one of the three trials. Actual milk, 4% fat-corrected milk yields and milk fat and protein percentages were not affected by silage treatment. Key words: Male sterile corn, silage, dairy cows

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Hay supplements to overcome underfeeding of dairy cows. 2. Late lactation

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9810157 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 21 (109) ◽

pp. 157 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

KR King ◽

CR Stockdale

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Body Condition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

High Quality ◽

Stage Of Lactation ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Ration Composition

The effect of hay supplementation on the performance of dairy cows on a restricted intake of paspalum-dominant perennial pasture was studied in two 21 -day periods in the eighth and ninth months of lactation. In each period, there were three groups fed pasture only at mean intakes of 15.2, 11.5 and 7.3 kg/cow day-1, two groups fed at similar pasture restriction levels and supplemented with hay ad libitum, and one further group fed an average of 7.3 kg of pasture supplemented with only 4.3 kg of hay. The data were analyzed by regression, using total dry matter intake as the dependent variable, and pseudovariables were used to examine the effects of hay feeding. The relations between total dry matter intake and milk, butterfat, protein and solids-not-fat production, and change in body condition of dairy cows were not altered by ration composition. Milk production declined linearly by 0.66 kg and 0.31 kg/cow day-1 in the eight and ninth months of lactation, respectively, for each kg reduction in total dry matter intake. Similar responses were obtained for butterfat, protein and solids-not-fat production. Gain in body condition of the cows also decreased as total intake fell, but the relation was curvilinear and not affected by stage of lactation. It was concluded that high quality hay can be used to overcome shortages of paspalum-dominant perennial pasture in autumn, and that it has similar. nutritive value to pasture in terms of milk production and body condition.

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Nutritive values and chemical composition of seven tropical legumes and lucerne grown in subtropical south-eastern Queensland

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9670540 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 7 (29) ◽

pp. 540 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

R Milford

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Feeding Experiments ◽

Vigna Vexillata ◽

Tropical Legumes ◽

Feeding Value

The chemical composition and feeding value of seven tropical legumes and lucerne were determined by pen feeding experiments with sheep. Most of the legumes were harvested during autumn and winter. Lucerne had the highest feeding value and the highest values for the tropical legumes were obtained for Vigna vexillata, Lotononis bainesii, and Desmodium uncinatum. After frosting, the feeding values of Phaseolus lathyroides and Vigna vexillata were reduced but that of Desmodium uncinatum was not changed. This may have been due to a greater loss of leaf by both P. lathyoides and V. vexillata than by D. uncinatum. Frost did not affect Lotononis bainesii and Medicago sativa, and both had a higher feeding value than the legumes affected by frost. The usefulness of crude protein and crude fibre for estimating dry matter digestibility and dry matter intake and the relation between dry matter digestibility and dry matter intake is discussed. The use of dry matter digestibility to express the nutritive value of feed energy in preference to organic matter digestibility, starch equivalents, and total digestible nutrients is also discussed.

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Effect of fishmeal and wheat bran diet on the performance of local lactating cows in Bangladesh

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600022194 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 1992 ◽

pp. 108-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.A.S. Khan ◽

M.A. Akbar ◽

J.H. Topps

Keyword(s):

Wheat Bran ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Average Body ◽

Average Body Weight ◽

Degradable Protein ◽

Zebu Cows

Nine local (indigenous) Zebu cows of average body weight 156 kg. were used to examine the performance in their first lactation given either fishmeal or wheat bran diets.Fishmeal diet (A) consisted of 11.5 kg urea treated straw, 4 kg green grass and 0.25 kg of fishmeal. This diet contained an estimated 63 MJME, 518 g of rumen degradable protein (RDP) and 146 g of undegraded dietary protein (UDP). The wheat bran diet (B) consisted of 11.6 kg urea treated straw, 4 kg green grass and 0.5 kg wheat bran. This diet contained an estimated 66 MJME, 523 g of RDP and 91 g of UDP. Total dry matter intake of the two diets, A and B were 7.5 and 7.83 kg/d respectively. Therefore the two diets differed mainly in UDP levels. The composition and nutritive value of the ingredients of the two diets are given in Table 1 and 2.

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NUTRITIVE VALUE OF STEAM-TREATED CORN STOVER

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas78-025 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 177-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

U. I. OJI ◽

D. N. MOWAT

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Corn Stover ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Crossover Design ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Steam Treatment ◽

Treatment Conditions ◽

Matter Energy

Corn stover, ground through a 1.6-cm screen, was steam-processed at 16.2 kg/cm2 and 205 °C for 15 min. Control and treated stover were evaluated for intake and digestibility of organic constituents with eight wether lambs in a single crossover design. Prior to feeding, water was added to control corn stover to approximate the moisture content of treated stover and to reduce dustiness. Soybean meal was added to both rations and, in addition, urea was added to treated stover to attempt to make up for nitrogen rendered unavailable by treatment. Steam treatment increased (P < 0.05) ADF, ADIN, permanganate lignin and acetic acid. Dry matter intake increased (P < 0.05) by 55% with steam treatment. Treatment also increased (P < 0.05) apparent digestibilities of organic matter, energy, non cell wall contents and cellulose but decreased (P < 0.05) digestibilities of NDF and ADF. The extent of improvement in energy digestibility was limited by heat damage due to processing. Modifications in treatment conditions should reduce this effect.

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INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF FABABEAN CROP RESIDUE BY SHEEP

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas79-057 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 459-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. O. THORLACIUS ◽

E. COXWORTH ◽

D. THOMPSON

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Medium Quality

Voluntary dry matter intake and digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter and energy of fababean crop residue by sheep were greater (P < 0.05) than those of wheat straw, but were not significantly different from those of medium quality alfalfa-brome hay. The results indicated that the nutritive value of fababean crop residue was greater than that of wheat straw.

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