Determination of Bovine Lactoferrin in Food by HPLC with a Heparin Affinity Column for Sample Preparation

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Fei Lou ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Xin Dong ◽  
Jia Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Affinity Column ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
Solid Samples ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Liquid Samples ◽  
Heparin Affinity

Abstract An HPLC method was developed for the quantitative determination of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) in sterilized milk, modified milk, fermented milk, infant formula, adult formula, rice cereal, vitamin function drink, and protein powder products. bLF was first extracted with a phosphate buffer (pH 8), underwent cleanup in a heparin affinity column, and was detected by HPLC with a C4 column and diode-array detector at a wavelengthof 280 nm. The proposed method provided a linear detection range of 10.0–1000 μg/mL with an LOD of 0.6 mg/100 g in liquid samples and 3 mg/100 g in solid samples and an LOQ of 2 mg/100 g in liquid samples and 10 mg/100 g in solid samples. In addition, the method showed good recovery for various samples, ranging from 76 to 96%. The method had several remarkable advantages, including ease of handling, high sensitivity and accuracy, good reproducibility, and low-cost detection. Based on the distinctive properties presented here, webelieve the proposed HPLC assay holds great promise for the oversight and detection of bLF in testing organizations, dairy enterprises, and regulatory authorities.

scholarly journals Determination of Surfactants in Environmental Samples. Part III. Non-Ionic Compounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Olkowska ◽  
Marek Ruman ◽  
Anna Kowalska ◽  
Żaneta Polkowska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
General View ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Solid Samples ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Liquid Samples ◽  
Ionic Compounds

Abstract Non-ionic surface active agents are a diverse group of chemicals which have an uncharged polar head and a non-polar tail. They have different properties due to amphiphilic structure of their molecules. Commercial available non-ionic surfactants consist of the broadest spectrum of compounds in comparison with other types of such agents. Typically, non-ionic compounds found applications in households and industry during formulation of cleaning products, cosmetics, paints, preservative coatings, resins, textiles, pulp and paper, petroleum products or pesticides. Their are one of the most common use class of surfactants which can be potential pollution sources of the different compartment of environment (because of they widely application or discharging treated wastewaters to surface water and sludge in agricultural). It is important to investigate the behavior, environmental fate of non-ionic surfactants and their impact on living organisms (they are toxic and/or can disrupt endocrine functions). To solve such problems should be applied appropriated analytical tools. Sample preparation step is one of the most critical part of analytical procedures in determination of different compounds in environmental matrices. Traditional extraction techniques (LLE - for liquid samples; SLE - for solid samples) are time and solvent-consuming. Developments in this field result in improving isolation efficiency and decreasing solvent consumption (eg SPE and SPME - liquid samples or PLE, SFE and MAE - solid samples). At final determination step can be applied spectrophotometric technique, potentiometric titrametration or tensammetry (determination total concentration of non-ionic surfactants) or chromatographic techniques coupled with appropriated detection techniques (individual analytes). The literature data concerning the concentrations of non-ionic surfactants in the different compartments of the environment can give general view that various ecosystems are polluted by those compounds.

Optimization of a Spectrophotometric Flow Injection

2020 ◽  
pp. 175-203
Author(s):  
Germán Adán Sánchez Gallegos ◽  
Maria del Pilar Haro Vazquez ◽  
José Manuel Cornejo-Bravo ◽  
Eugenia Gabriela Carrillo-Cedillo
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Factorial Designs ◽  
Sample Material ◽  
Real Samples ◽  
Straightforward Application ◽  
Liquid Samples ◽  
Determination Of Copper

This chapter presents the optimization of the hydrodynamic and chemical parameters of the FIA system in the determination of copper and manganese in wine samples by VIS spectrophotometry. This technique has been based on the injection of liquid samples in the non-segmented movement, within a continuous carrier current of a suitable liquid. The injected sample forms a zone that disperses on its way to a detector. The later continuously records the absorbance or other physical parameters, since it continuously passes the sample material through the flow cell, using the factorial designs Plackett-Burman, Box-Behnken, and the factorial design 2^4. The methods have the advantages of low-cost, easy availability of chemicals, and instrumentation and straightforward application to real samples.

Determination of Tetracycline Residues in Bovine Milk, Serum, and Urine by Capillary Electrophoresis

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1369-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Ling Chen ◽  
Xuelin Gu
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Affinity Column ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Milk Serum ◽  
Serum And Urine

Abstract A method was developed for simultaneous determination of oxytetracycline (OTC), chlortetracycline, tetracycline, and doxycycline levels in cow milk, serum, and urine by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The tetracyclines (TCs) were extracted specifically with a metal-chelating affinity column. Extracts were then applied to C18 cartridges treated with dimethyldichlorosilane, and the TCs were eluted with ethanol. Salt-free sample residues were run on CE with a diode array detector at 370 nm. A 50 cm × 75 μm uncoated capillary at 15 kV and 23°C was used to separate the TCs. The run buffer contained 10 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate, 50 mM borate, and 50 mM phosphate, pH 8.5. TC peaks were identified by migration times, coinjection of standards, and diode array spectra. Limits of detection for TCs were 1.3-5.3 ng/mL, and limits of quantitation were 1.7-8.7 ng/mL in cow fluid samples. OTC appeared consistently at 13.3-13.4 min in milk, serum, and urine samples from a cow treated with OTC. OTC was further identified by coinjection of OTC standard and OTC diode array spectra. The CE method can be used to simultaneously determine 4 TC residues at low parts-per-billion levels.

Low-cost CSRR based sensor for determination of dielectric constant of liquid samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Akash Buragohain ◽  
Abu Tahir Talat Mostako ◽  
Gouree Shankar Das
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Liquid Samples

Recent Developments in Electrochemical Determination of Sulfonamides

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Fu ◽  
Xinyi Zhang ◽  
Su Ding ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Yanfei Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrochemical Determination ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Drug Residues ◽  
Detection Range

Background: Sulfonamides are the anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs synthesized, which are widely used as medical and veterinary antibiotics. However, the excess dosage of sulfonamides can harm human health. The drug residues in the animal products also can harm human health through the food chain. The long-term consumption of animal food containing drug residues will cause some toxic and side effects on human body functions, which will seriously threaten human health. Methods: Electroanalytical methods are attracting much attention because of their advantage over conventional methods, as they are quick, low-cost, high sensitivity, and portable. This review examines the progress made in the selective electrochemical determination of sulfonamides in the last 20 years. Results: In this review, we describe the development of electrochemical methods for sulfonamides determination. Then, we pay special attention to the detection of sulfonamides using molecular imprinting technology. The linear detection range with the limit of detection has been listed for comparison. Conclusion: Electrochemical determination of sulfonamides is a fast, simple, sensitive, and cost-effective approach. The surface modification of commercial electrodes can significantly improve the sensing performance.

Disposable, acetylcholinesterase-coated, screen-printed carbon electrodes for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Piotr Walter ◽  
Andrzej Pepłowski ◽  
Łukasz Górski ◽  
Daniel Janczak ◽  
Małgorzata Jakubowska
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Screen Printed

Purpose Because of the bioaccumulation effect, organophosphorus pesticides cause long-term damage to mammals, even at small concentrations. The ability to perturb the phospholipid bilayer structure as well as the overstimulation of cholinergic receptors makes them hazardous to humans. Therefore, there is a need for a quick and inexpensive detection of organophosphorus pesticides for agricultural and household use. As organophosphorus pesticides are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, biosensors using this mechanism hold a great promise to meet these requirements with a fraction of reagents and time used for measurement comparing to laboratory methods. This study aims to manufacture AChE-coated, screen-printed carbon electrodes applicable in such amperometric biosensors. Design/methodology/approach AChE enzyme, known for catalytic activity for the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine (ATCh), could be used to obtain electrochemically active thiocholine from acetylthiocholine chloride in aqueous solutions. Using Malathion’s inhibitory effect towards AChE, pesticides’ presence can be detected by reduction of anodic oxidation peaks of thiocholine in cyclic voltammetry. Findings The conducted research proved that it is possible to detect pesticides using low-cost, simple-to-manufacture screen-printed graphite (GR) electrodes with an enzymatic (AChE) coating. Investigated electrodes displayed significant catalytic activity to the hydrolysis of ATCh. Owing to inhibition effect of the enzyme, amperometric response of the samples decreased in pesticide-spiked solution, allowing determination of organophosphorus pesticides. Originality/value Printed electronics has grown significantly in recent years as well as research focused on carbon-based nanocomposites. Yet, the utilization of carbon nanocomposites in screen-printed electronics is still considered a novelty in the market. Biosensors have proved useful not only in laboratory conditions but also in home applications, as glucometers are a superior solution for glucose determination for personal use. Although pesticides could be detected accurately using chromatography, spectroscopy, spectrometry or spectrophotometry, the market lacks low-cost, disposable solutions for pesticide detection applicable for household use. With biosensing techniques and electric paths screen-printed with GR or graphene nanocomposites, this preliminary research focuses on meeting these needs.

Determination of Niacin in Infant Formula by Solid-phase Clean-up and HPLC with Photodiode Array Detector

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Jee-Eun Hong ◽  
Mi-Ran Kim ◽  
Sang-Hee Cheon ◽  
Jung-Young Chai ◽  
Eun-Ryong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array

Microextraction and Chromatographic Analysis of Budesonide Epimers in Exhaled Breath Condensate

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1032-1040
Author(s):  
Laleh Samini ◽  
Maryam Khoubnasabjafari ◽  
Mohamad M. Alimorad ◽  
Vahid Jouyban-Gharamaleki ◽  
Hak-Kim Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Breath Condensate

Background: Analysis of drug concentrations in biological fluids is required in clinical sciences for various purposes. Among other biological samples, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a potential sample for follow up of drug concentrations. Methods: A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure followed by a validated liquid chromatography method was employed for the determination of budesonide (BDS) in EBC samples collected using a homemade setup. EBC is a non-invasive biological sample with possible applications for monitoring drug concentrations. The proposed analytical method is validated according to the FDA guidelines using EBC-spiked samples. Its applicability is tested on EBC samples collected from healthy volunteers receiving a single puff of BDS. Results: The best DLLME conditions involved the use of methanol (1 mL) as a disperser solvent, chloroform (200 μL) as an extraction solvent, and centrifugation rate of 3500 rpm for 5 minutes. The method was validated over a concentration range of 21-210 μg·L-1 in EBC. Inter- and intra-day precisions were less than 10% where the acceptable levels are less than 20%. The validated method was successfully applied for the determination of BDS in EBC samples. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the developed method can be used for the extraction and quantification of BDS in EBC samples using a low cost method.

Simultaneous Determination of Six Components in Jingzhiguanxin Tablet by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-137
Author(s):  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Lianhao Fu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Shaozhi Wang ◽  
Xiaoxu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Quality Control Analysis

Background: Jingzhiguanxin (JZGX) tablet, a traditional Chinese prescription, is commonly used for treating coronary heart disease and angina pectoris in the clinic. There are six active components (Danshensu (DSS), Protocatechuic aldehyde (PD), Paeoniflorin (PF), Ferulic acid (FA), Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and Tanshinone IIA (TA)) in JZGX tablet. </P><P> Objective: In this paper, a simple and reliable method was used for simultaneous determining the six active components by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Methods: These six active components were separated on an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (150 mmx4.6 mm, 5 µm) at 30 °C. Acetonitrile (A), methanol (B) and 0.5% H3PO4 aqueous solution (C) were used as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and the detection wavelengths were set at 280 nm for DSS, PD and Sal B, 230 nm for PF, 320 nm for FA and 270 nm for TA, respectively. Results: All of the six components showed good linearity regressions (r2≥0.9997) in the detected concentration range. The recovery rates and coefficient of variation (CV) for all analytes were 98.66%- 100.18% and 0.75%-1.89%, respectively. This method was successfully applied to simultaneously determine the six components in JZGX tablet from different batches and manufacturers. Conclusion: The validated method can be used in routine quality control analysis of JZGX tablet without any interference.

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