Electronic Civil Disobedience

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-222
Author(s):  
Ricardo Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Politics Of Fear ◽  
Tactical Media ◽  
Media Work

This chapter discusses the Electronic Disturbance Theater (EDT), a group that developed virtual sit-in technologies in solidarity with the Zapatistas communities in Chiapas, Mexico, in 1998. EDT, like many artivist groups, understood that the “politics of fear” set-off by 9/11 would be used by governments to establish almost everything under the signs of cyberwar, cyberterrorism, and cybercrime in order stop the development of Digital Zapatismo, electronic civil disobedience, hacktivism, and tactical media work across the arcs of Latin America and beyond. This essay establishes the conditions that were navigated by EDT and artivists working across digital platforms to establish new network gestures that would connect and amplify new visions of social formations emerging across Latin America, especially from the indigenous communities that were not deterred by the establishment of post-9/11 planetary war.

The Woman Who Turned Into a Jaguar, and Other Narratives of Native Women in Archives of Colonial Mexico

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Native Women ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The One

The Woman Who Turned Into a Jaguar examines gender relations in indigenous societies of central Mexico and Oaxaca from the 1520s to the 1750s, focusing mainly on the Nahua, Ñudzahui (Mixtec), Bènizàa (Zapotec), and Ayuk (Mixe) people. This study draws on an unusually rich and diverse corpus of original sources, including Ñudzahui- (Mixtec-), Tíchazàa- (Zapotec-), and mainly Nahuatl-language and Spanish civil and criminal records, published texts, and pictorial manuscripts. The sources come from more than 100 indigenous communities of highland Mexico. The book considers women’s lives in the broadest context possible by addressing a number of interrelated topics, including: the construction of gender; concepts of the body; women’s labor; marriage rituals and marital relations; sexual attitudes; family structure; the relationship between household and community; and women’s participation in riots and other acts of civil disobedience. The study highlights subtle transformations and overwhelming continuities in indigenous social attitudes and relationships. The book argues that profound changes following the Spanish conquest, such as catastrophic depopulation, economic pressures, and the imposition of Christian marriage, slowly eroded indigenous women’s status. Nevertheless, gender relations remained inherently complementary. The study shows how native women and men under colonial rule, on the one hand, pragmatically accepted, adopted, and adapted certain Spanish institutions, concepts, and practices, and, on the other, forcefully rejected other aspects of colonial impositions. Women asserted their influence and, in doing so, they managed to retain an important position within their households and communities across the first two centuries of colonial rule.

Constitutional reform calls mount across Latin America

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Constitutional Reforms ◽  
The Status

Significance The debate over constitutional reform will be enlivened by the upcoming election of a constituent convention in Chile on the same day as the Peruvian elections. Impacts Constitutional change may become a banner for the left elsewhere in Latin America. Future constitutional reforms may reconsider the status of indigenous communities in the Amazon. Workers’ rights, include labour stability, may be strengthened.

scholarly journals Apropiación territorial y construcción de identidad colectiva frente al despojo de recursos. el caso del geoparque mundial mixteca alta, Oaxaca, México

2020 ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Efrén Orozco López
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Popular Education ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mixteca Alta ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
Communal Land

Una discusión reciente en México es la posesión territorial. Este artículo comprende cuatro apartados que discuten tal fenómeno. El primero refiere al despojo como proceso histórico que se da por la disputa de recursos naturales, se ejemplifican dos casos de México y se plantean a los geoparques mundiales como alternativas de apropiación territorial de comunidades originarias. El segundo analiza fundamentos de los geoparques, y su situación en Latinoamérica, especificando al Geoparque Mundial Mixteca Alta (GMA). El tercero aborda la Educación Popular como paradigma de análisis, enfatizando al taller como herramienta de reflexión y acción en temas como la defensa del territorio. finalmente se da cuenta de dos talleres realizados a guías del GMA y los resultados referentes a la apropiación territorial. An actual discussion in Mexico has been the possession of land by the indigenous communities. The article is organized into four sections. The first refers to territorial evictions as a relevant historical process in Latin America due to the dispute over natural resources. In this same section the attention is focused in two cases of the activities developed in two mexican indigenous lands and the importance of the existence of geoparks as an alternative to land possession. The second section analyzes the characteristics of geoparks, their situation in Latin America, particularly in the case of the Mixtec World Geopark (GMA) in Mexico. The third part refers to methodologies that are based on Popular Education. It emphasizes the implementation of workshops as a tool that intends to generate reflection and action on issues such as the defense of the communal land. The final section represents the testimonies of two workshops conducted with GMA guides and their results regarding territorial management and property.

scholarly journals La representaci�_n de la literatura indigenista e ind�_gena en dos obras Colombianas: Jos̩ Tomb̩ de Diego Castrill�_n Arboleda y En Defensa de mi Raza de Manuel Quint�_n Lame

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Elkin Javier Perez Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Indigenous Literature ◽  
Literary Movement ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
Do So

This dissertation is a study of the Indian's problem that is depicted in the Andean narrative of Indigenist, Indianist and Indigenous literature and how the literary movement of Indiginism created a wave of reivindicative narrative through Latin-America, especially in countries like: Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador. Through a theory approach, my study analyzes the most important indigenist narrative in Latin-America and how this theory could be applied to two Colombian writers that can be considered as indigenist and indigenous. To do so, I examine the work of a variety of indigenists and indigenous writes and theorists -- Diego Castrill�_n Arboleda Jose Tomb̩ (1942) y El Indio Quintin Lame (1973), Manuel Quintin Lame En Defensa de mi Raza (1987). Furthermore, this dissertation has taken into account the important contribution made by theorists in the field of indigenists studies such as: Antonio Cornejo Polar, Jos̩ Carlos Mari��tegui, Tom��s Escajadillo, among others. My research pays close attention to two important writings that will aid in understanding Indiginism as a literary movement in Colombia, Jose Tombe and En Defensa de mi Raza. By the beginning of the 20th century indigenist writers, through their novels, were advocating for the Indigenous communities throughout the Andean region. In Colombia, this advocation was not taking place in a similar way to the rest on the Andean countries with a strong indigenous influence. I have concluded these two writings are strongly connected to this literary movement. That conclusion is largely based upon an analysis of the characteristics in these works which led me to categorize Jose Tomb̩ as an indigenist novel and En Defensa de mi Raza as an indigenous written work. All the narratives that are part of this research project will provide valuable information about Indiginism as a literary movement in Colombia. Most importantly, it will add these two works to the existence of what is considered the indigenist and indigenous canon.

Sustaining Indigenous Sounds

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-194
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Ecological Rationality ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
Second Moment ◽  
University Life ◽  
National University ◽  
Musical Traditions

What now might now be dubbed “cultural sustainability” has long been part and parcel of university life throughout Latin America where such institutions have been pivotal in preserving and shaping peripheral or threatened musical traditions. This chapter describes the work of a Peruvian organization called the Centro de Capacitación Campesino (Center for Peasant Training), which was instrumental in the musical life of rural-indigenous communities around the Andean city of Ayacucho in two distinct moments: first in the 1980s when the CCC was founded at Ayacucho's national university amid the Shining Path's war against the Peruvian state; the second moment came after 2000 when community-based Radio Quispillaccta made old CCC recordings the centerpiece of its broadcasts and a symbol of indigenous ecological rationality.

The curious absence of cybernationalism in Latin America: Lessons for the study of digital sovereignty and governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 205704732110467
Author(s):  
Martin Becerra ◽  
Silvio R Waisbord
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Media Industries ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Data Ownership ◽  
Digital Governance

In this article, we are interested in examining the factors that drive cybernationalism and digital governance in media policies. As scholars with a long-standing interest in media industries and policies in Latin America, we start with a simple empirical observation: the curious absence of debates and strong efforts to regulate digital media in the region grounded on nationalistic arguments. It is not exaggerated to affirm that for the past two decades, the region has largely adopted a laissez-faire, deregulatory approach on fundamental issues about the structure and functioning of the Internet, including the performance of global digital platforms, content traffic, data ownership and access, and speech. We believe that understanding the decades-long transition from nationalistic media regulations to pragmatism in digital policies in Latin America yields valuable insights for theorizing the conditions that foster (and discourage) nationalism and sovereignty in digital policies.

scholarly journals Past and Present Perspectives on Indigenous Tourism in the Pastaza Province of Ecuador: The Case of Kapawi

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Peredo ◽  
Andres Ordóñez ◽  
Viola Belohrad
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Indigenous Tourism ◽  
Tour Operator

Ecuador has a wide range of ecotourism initiatives throughout the country. Since the 1990s, many Indigenous communities have started to organize themselves in order to run their own ecotourism programs. As a result, scholars have suggested that Indigenous ecotourism in Latin America started in Ecuador with the advent of community-owned projects, particularly in the Amazon. One of the first initiatives was Kapawi, located in the Achuar territory of Pastaza Province. The project was initiated by a private tour operator through a joint venture with the Achuar Indigenous organization. A transfer process started in 2008 and Kapawi is now managed by the Achuar communities, with a new set of opportunities and challenges. This article uses data collected from extensive fieldwork to examine the evolution, lessons learned, dynamics, and perspectives of the Kapawi enterprise.

scholarly journals Alcance de los derechos colectivos de los pueblos indígenas en América Latina/ Scope of the collective rights of indigenous peoples in Latin America

2020 ◽  
pp. 276-292
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Collective Rights ◽  
Indigenous Participation ◽  
America Latina ◽  
United Nations Declaration ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Resumen El artículo analiza el alcance de los derechos colectivos de los pueblos indígenas en América Latina, desde el acercamiento etnográfico a los casos de ejecución de los proyectos de desarrollo, orientados a mitigar los impactos del cambio climático en las comunidades indígenas de Shiña, Ecuador y Pumatalla, Perú. El estudio considera que el Convenio 169 de la OIT y la Declaración de las Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas constituyen en principios que garantizan la superación del Estado monocultural, excluyente, y reconocen la necesidad de participación de los indígenas en el diseño y en la ejecución de los proyectos de desarrollo. El análisis concluye que la celebración del bicentenario de independencia en Perú y Ecuador es una oportunidad para repensar en Estados que superen el pasado colonial. Se demuestra que hay esfuerzos por responder a las demandas de los pueblos indígenas, en cuanto que los Estados asumen los convenios internacionales sobre derechos colectivos concernientes a estos pueblos. Hay desarrollo y aceptación considerable de estos derechos en la legislación, pero en la práctica, son escasamente asumidos por los dos Estados, por lo que continua la discriminación y no se resuelven los diversos problemas que afecta a los indígenas. Abstract The article analyzes the scope of the collective rights of indigenous peoples in Latin America, from the ethnographic approach to the cases of execution of development projects, aimed at mitigating the impacts of climate change on the indigenous communities of Shiña, Ecuador and Pumatalla, Peru. The study considers that ILO Convention 169 and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples constitute principles that guarantee the overcoming of the monocultural, exclusive State, and recognize the need for indigenous participation in the design and in the execution of development projects. The analysis concludes that the celebration of the bicentennial of independence in Peru and Ecuador is an opportunity to rethink in States that overcome the colonial past. It is shown that there are efforts to respond to the demands of indigenous peoples, inasmuch as the States assume international conventions on collective rights concerning these peoples. There is considerable development and acceptance of these rights in the legislation, but in practice, they are scarcely assumed by the two States, so discrimination continues and the various problems that affect indigenous people are not resolved.

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