scholarly journals Semiconductor Photocatalyst of Tin Oxide Quantum Dots Prepared in Aqueous Solution for Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Contaminated Water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqiao LIU ◽  
Ye HONG ◽  
Xinyue TIAN ◽  
Xiangxu MENG ◽  
Ge GAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Source Materials

Stannous chloride and thiourea are used as source materials to prepare SnO2 quantum dots in the aqueous solution by a facile hydrolysis-oxidation process. The quantum dots have an average size of 1.9 nm with good dispersibility as well as long-term stability, and are validated to be an effective photocatalyst for the degradation of organic oil pollutants in contaminated water. The pollutant is removed by the quantum dots exposed to ultraviolet-visible irradiation at room temperature. The optimized condition is concluded to be a solution with quantum dot concentration of 10-3 mol/L and the degradation speed reaches the maximum at the 12 th hour after irradiation. After 48 hours, 91.9 % of octane is removed, concluding a high degradation efficiency. The prepared SnO2 quantum dots are potentially applicable in the remediation of marine environment as they hold the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and being environmental-friendly. The promotion and inhibition mechanisms of the photocatalytic SnO2 QDs at low and high concentrations are discussed.

scholarly journals Salt-Resistive Photothermal Materials and Microstructures for Interfacial Solar Desalination

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqiang Yu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
Lin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Art Research

Solar interfacial evaporation, featured by high energy transfer efficiency, low cost, and environmental compatibility, has been widely regarded as a promising technology for solar desalination. However, the interplay between energy transfer and water transport in the same channels suggests that the tradeoff between high efficiency and long-term stability inherently exists in conventional photothermal nanomaterials. We summarize state-of-the-art research on various anti-salt clogging photothermal microstructures as long-term stable interfacial solar evaporators for solar desalination. The review starts with an overview of the current status and the fundamental limit of photothermal materials for solar desalination. Four representative strategies are analyzed in detail with the most recent experimental demonstrations, including fluid convection enhancement, surface wettability engineering, energy-mass-path decoupling, and surface chemistry engineering. Finally, this article focuses on the challenges in anti-salt clogging solar interfacial evaporators and potential point-of-use applications in the future.

scholarly journals Enhancement of proton conductivity through Yb and Zn doping in BaCe0.5Zr0.35Y0.15O3-δ electrolyte for IT-SOFCs

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Afif ◽  
Nikdalila Radenahmad ◽  
Juliana Zaini ◽  
Mohamed Abdalla ◽  
Seikh Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cubic Crystal ◽  
Zn Doping ◽  
Long Term Stability

The new compositions of BaCe0.5Zr0.3Y0.15-xYbxZn0.05O3-? perovskite electrolytes (x = 0.1 and 0.15) were prepared by solid state synthesis and final sintering at 1500?C. The obtained ceramics were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis and impedance spectroscopy. The refinement of XRD data confirmed cubic crystal structure with Pm3m space group for both samples. SEM morphology showed larger and compacted grains which enables obtaining of high density and high protonic conductivity. The relative densities of the samples were about 99% of the theoretical density after sintering at 1500?C. The protonic conductivities at 650?C were 2.8?10-4 S/cm and 4.2?10-3 S/cm for x = 0.1 and 0.15, respectively. The obtained results showed that higher Yb-content increases the ionic conductivity and both of these perovskites are promising electrolyte for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells to get high efficiency, long-term stability and relatively low cost energy system.

scholarly journals Wittichenite semiconductor of Cu3BiS3 films for efficient hydrogen evolution from solar driven photoelectrochemical water splitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingwang Huang ◽  
Lintao Li ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Kuang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Onset Potential ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Solar Water Splitting ◽  
Current Densities

AbstractA highly efficient, low-cost and environmentally friendly photocathode with long-term stability is the goal of practical solar hydrogen evolution applications. Here, we found that the Cu3BiS3 film-based photocathode meets the abovementioned requirements. The Cu3BiS3-based photocathode presents a remarkable onset potential over 0.9 VRHE with excellent photoelectrochemical current densities (~7 mA/cm2 under 0 VRHE) and appreciable 10-hour long-term stability in neutral water solutions. This high onset potential of the Cu3BiS3-based photocathode directly results in a good unbiased operating photocurrent of ~1.6 mA/cm2 assisted by the BiVO4 photoanode. A tandem device of Cu3BiS3-BiVO4 with an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 2.04% is presented. This tandem device also presents high stability over 20 hours. Ultimately, a 5 × 5 cm2 large Cu3BiS3-BiVO4 tandem device module is fabricated for standalone overall solar water splitting with a long-term stability of 60 hours.

scholarly journals Long-Term Stability of Different Kinds of Gas Nanobubbles in Deionized and Salt Water

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1808
Author(s):  
Yali Zhou ◽  
Zhenyao Han ◽  
Chunlin He ◽  
Qin Feng ◽  
Kaituo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Bubble Size ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Dlvo Theory ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability

Nanobubbles have many potential applications depending on their types. The long-term stability of different gas nanobubbles is necessary to be studied considering their applications. In the present study, five kinds of nanobubbles (N2, O2, Ar + 8%H2, air and CO2) in deionized water and a salt aqueous solution were prepared by the hydrodynamic cavitation method. The mean size and zeta potential of the nanobubbles were measured by a light scattering system, while the pH and Eh of the nanobubble suspensions were measured as a function of time. The nanobubble stability was predicted and discussed by the total potential energies between two bubbles by the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory. The nanobubbles, except CO2, in deionized water showed a long-term stability for 60 days, while they were not stable in the 1 mM (milli mol/L) salt aqueous solution. During the 60 days, the bubble size gradually increased and decreased in deionized water. This size change was discussed by the Ostwald ripening effect coupled with the bubble interaction evaluated by the extended DLVO theory. On the other hand, CO2 nanobubbles in deionized water were not stable and disappeared after 5 days, while the CO2 nanobubbles in 1 mM of NaCl and CaCl2 aqueous solution became stable for 2 weeks. The floating and disappearing phenomena of nanobubbles were estimated and discussed by calculating the relationship between the terminal velocity of the floating bubble and bubble size.

scholarly journals Apoferritin/Vandetanib Association Is Long-Term Stable but Does Not Improve Pharmacological Properties of Vandetanib

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4250
Author(s):  
Kateřina Jáklová ◽  
Tereza Feglarová ◽  
Simona Rex ◽  
Zbyněk Heger ◽  
Tomáš Eckschlager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Carcinoma Cell Lines ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma Cell

A tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vandetanib (Van), is an anticancer drug affecting the signaling of VEGFR, EGFR and RET protooncogenes. Van is primarily used for the treatment of advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer; however, its usage is significantly limited by side effects, particularly cardiotoxicity. One approach to minimize them is the encapsulation or binding of Van in- or onto a suitable carrier, allowing targeted delivery to tumor tissue. Herein, we constructed a nanocarrier based on apoferritin associated with Van (ApoVan). Based on the characteristics obtained by analyzing the average size, the surface ζ-potential and the polydispersive index, ApoVan nanoparticles exhibit long-term stability and maintain their morphology. Experiments have shown that ApoVan complex is relatively stable during storage. It was found that Van is gradually released from its ApoVan form into the neutral environment (pH 7.4) as well as into the acidic environment (pH 6.5). The effect of free Van and ApoVan on neuroblastoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma cell lines revealed that both forms were toxic in both used cell lines, and minimal differences between ApoVan and Van were observed. Thus, we assume that Van might not be encapsulated into the cavity of apoferritin, but instead only binds to its surface.

scholarly journals Eggshell Powder as an Adsorbent for Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1457-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhaumik ◽  
N. K. Mondal ◽  
B. Das ◽  
P. Roy ◽  
K. C. Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies ◽  
Maximum Removal

A new medium, eggshell powder has been developed for fluoride removal from aqueous solution. Fluoride adsorption was studied in a batch system where adsorption was found to be pH dependent with maximum removal efficiency at 6.0. The experimental data was more satisfactorily fitted with Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetics and the factor controlling adsorption process fully accepted by pseudo-second-order model were also discussed. Eawas found to be 45.98 kJmol-1by using Arrhenius equation, indicating chemisorption nature of fluoride onto eggshell powder. Thermodynamic study showed spontaneous nature and feasibility of the adsorption process with negative enthalpy (∆H0) value also supported the exothermic nature. Batch experiments were performed to study the applicability of the adsorbent by using fluoride contaminated water collected from affected areas. These results indicate that eggshell powder can be used as an effective, low-cost adsorbent to remove fluoride from aqueous solution as well as groundwater.

Graphene quantum dots–three-dimensional graphene composites for high-performance supercapacitors

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (36) ◽  
pp. 19307-19313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Chen ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
Chuangang Hu ◽  
Huhu Cheng ◽  
Zhipan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dots ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability

Graphene quantum dots boost the capacitance of the graphene supercapacitor by more than 90% and with an excellent long-term stability.

scholarly journals A Review on Improving the Quality of Perovskite Films in Perovskite Solar Cells via the Weak Forces Induced by Additives

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jien Yang ◽  
Songhua Chen ◽  
Jinjin Xu ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Hairui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Power Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Weak Forces

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) employing organic-inorganic halide perovskite as active layers have attracted the interesting of many scientists since 2009. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) have pushed certified 25.2% in 2019 from initial 3.81% in 2009, which is much faster than that of any type of solar cell. In the process of optimization, many innovative approaches to improve the morphology of perovskite films were developed, aiming at elevate the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as well as long-term stability. In the context of PSCs research, the perovskite precursor solutions modified with different additives have been extensively studied, with remarkable progress in improving the whole performance. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the forces induced by additives between the cations and anions of perovskite precursor, such as hydrogen bonds, coordination or some by-product (e.g., mesophase), which will lead to form intermediate adduct phases and then can be converted into high quality films. A compact uniform perovskite films can not only upgrade the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of devices but also improve the stability of PSCs under ambient conditions. Therefore, strategies for the implementation of additives engineering in perovskites precursor solution will be critical for the future development of PSCs. How to manipulate the weak forces in the fabrication of perovskite film could help to further develop high-efficiency solar cells with long-term stability and enable the potential of future practical applications.

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