scholarly journals Heat Treatment Effect on the Surface Properties of Carbon Cloth Electrode for Microbial Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
pp. X
Author(s):  
Shih-Hang CHANG ◽  
Yuan-Ting TSAO ◽  
Kuan-Wei TUNG
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Cloth ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Treated Carbon

In this study, we investigate the effect of heat treatment on the surface properties of carbon cloth electrodes and on the power generation efficiencies of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) configured with the heat-treated carbon cloth electrodes. Water contact angle measurements show that the hydrophobic surfaces of the carbon cloth became super-hydrophilic after heat treatment at a temperature above 500 °C, making it suitable for bacterial propagation. X-ray photoelectron spectrometry revealed that the signal of the C-O functional group of the carbon cloth electrodes increased in intensity after heat treatment. The MFCs configured with heat-treated carbon cloth electrode exhibited high power density of 16.58 mW/m2, whereas that of the untreated MFCs was only 8.86 mW m2. Compared with other chemical modifications, heat treatment does not use any environmentally unsound acidic or toxic solutions during modification and are promising for manufacturing large-scale MFC stacks.

scholarly journals Interface Characteristics and Anticorrosion Performances of Cold Galvanizing Coatings Incorporated with γ-chloropropyl Triethoxysilane on Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Jiwen Li ◽  
Qiumeng Wang ◽  
Ningjie Gao ◽  
Izuchukwu Kenneth Nwokolo ◽  
Wanyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Dry Adhesion ◽  
Interface Characteristics ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Poor Adhesion

The cold galvanizing coatings (CGCs) are used to repair old hot-dip galvanized steel (HDG) in numerous anticorrosion engineering, but poor adhesion of the CGC restricts its large-scale applications in the industries. For the purpose of overcoming the weak adhesion problems of the CGC on HDG, γ-chloropropyl triethoxysilane (CPTES) was added directly into cold galvanizing coatings (CPTES/CGC). Interface characteristics and related corrosion protection behaviors were investigated by the pull-off adhesion test, water contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and electrochemical tests. The experimental results revealed that, there is an increase by 19.1% of the CPTES/CGC surface free energy when compared with that of CGC. In addition, Si–O–Si and Si–O–Zn bonds were found in the CPTES/CGC, which indicate new network structures formed inside the CPTES/CGC, between the interface of the CPTES/CGC and HDG substrate, resulting in dry adhesion, wet adhesion, and the cathodic protection time of CPTES/CGC increased by 50% and 200% and 300% respectively compared with the CGC.

Nanostructured Polymer Brushes With Reversibly Changing Properties

2002 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Usov ◽  
Manfred Stamm ◽  
Sergiy Minko ◽  
Christian Froeck ◽  
Andreas Scholl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Brushes ◽  
Phase Segregation ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Nanostructured Polymer ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Vertical Segregation ◽  
Oxygen Plasma Etching ◽  
Grafting From ◽  
Photoemission Electron

AbstractWe investigated the interplay between different mechanisms of the lateral and vertical segregation in the synthesized via “grafting from” approach symmetric A/B (where A and B are poly(styrene-co-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene) and poly(methylmethacrylate), respectively) polymer brushes upon exposure to different solvents. We used X-ray photoemission electron spectroscopy and microscopy (X-PEEM), AFM, water contact angle measurements, and oxygen plasma etching to study morphology of the brushes. The ripple morphology after toluene (nonselective solvent) revealed elongated lamellar-like domains of A and B polymers alternating across the surface. The dimple-A morphology consisting of round clusters of the polymer A was observed after acetone (selective solvent for B). The top layer was enriched with the polymer B showing that the brush underwent both the lateral and vertical phase segregation. A qualitative agreement with predictions of SCF theory was found.

scholarly journals On the Effectiveness of Oxygen Plasma and Alkali Surface Treatments to Modify the Properties of Polylactic Acid Scaffolds

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1643
Author(s):  
Ricardo Donate ◽  
María Elena Alemán-Domínguez ◽  
Mario Monzón
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Plasma ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
3D Printed

Surface modification of 3D-printed PLA structures is a major issue in terms of increasing the biofunctionality and expanding the tissue engineering applications of these parts. In this paper, different exposure times were used for low-pressure oxygen plasma applied to PLA 3D-printed scaffolds. Alkali surface treatments were also evaluated, aiming to compare the modifications introduced on the surface properties by each strategy. Surface-treated samples were characterized through the quantification of carboxyl groups, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, water contact angle measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The change in the surface properties was studied over a two-week period. In addition, an enzymatic degradation analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect of the surface treatments on the degradation profile of the 3D structures. The physicochemical characterization results suggest different mechanism pathways for each type of treatment. Alkali-treated scaffolds showed a higher concentration of carboxyl groups on their surface, which enhanced the enzymatic degradation rate, but were also proven to be more aggressive towards 3D-printed structures. In contrast, the application of the plasma treatments led to an increased hydrophilicity of the PLA surface without affecting the bulk properties. However, the changes on the properties were less steady over time.

scholarly journals Epoxy/alumina composite coating on welded steel 316L with excellent wear and anticorrosion properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryama Hammi ◽  
Younes Ziat ◽  
Zakaryaa Zarhri ◽  
Charaf Laghlimi ◽  
Abdelaziz Moutcine
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Melted Zone ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Alumina Composite ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Good Contrast

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to elaborate anticorrosive coatings for the welded steel 316L, since this later is widely used in industrial field. Hence, within this work we have studied the electrochemical behaviour of different zones of the welded steel 316 in 1 M HCl media. The macrography study of the welded steel has revealed the different areas with a good contrast. We have stated three different zones, namely; melted zone (MZ), heat affected zone (HAZ) and base metal zone (BM). Impedance studies on welded steel 316L were conducted in 1 M HCl solution, coating of Epoxy/Alumina composite was applied on different zones, in order to reveal the anti-corrosion efficiency in each zone. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was undertaken in order to check how far the used coating in such aggressive media protects the studied zones and these findings were assessed by water contact angle measurements. The choice of this coating is based on the cost and the safety. We concluded that the Epoxy/Alumina composite has a good protecting effect regarding welded steel in aggressive media.

scholarly journals PLA-Based Hybrid and Composite Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds as Potential Materials for Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Magiera ◽  
Jarosław Markowski ◽  
Elzbieta Menaszek ◽  
Jan Pilch ◽  
Stanislaw Blazewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Hybrid Structures ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Normal Human

The aim of the study was to manufacture poly(lactic acid)- (PLA-) based nanofibrous nonwovens that were modified using two types of modifiers, namely, gelatin- (GEL-) based nanofibres and carbon nanotubes (CNT). Hybrid nonwovens consisting of PLA and GEL nanofibres (PLA/GEL), as well as CNT-modified PLA nanofibres with GEL nanofibres (PLA + CNT/GEL), in the form of mats, were manufactured using concurrent-electrospinning technique (co-ES). The ability of such hybrid structures as potential scaffolds for tissue engineering was studied. Both types of hybrid samples and one-component PLA and CNTs-modified PLA mats were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle measurements, and biological and mechanical tests. The morphology, microstructure, and selected properties of the materials were analyzed. Biocompatibility and bioactivity in contact with normal human osteoblasts (NHOst) were studied. The coelectrospun PLA and GEL nanofibres retained their structures in hybrid samples. Both types of hybrid nonwovens were not cytotoxic and showed better osteoinductivity in comparison to scaffolds made from pure PLA. These samples also showed significantly reduced hydrophobicity compared to one-component PLA nonwovens. The CNT-contained PLA nanofibres improved mechanical properties of hybrid samples and such a 3D system appears to be interesting for potential application as a tissue engineering scaffold.

scholarly journals Influence of plasma treatment on SiO2/Si and Si3N4/Si substrates for large-scale transfer of graphene

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lukose ◽  
M. Lisker ◽  
F. Akhtar ◽  
M. Fraschke ◽  
T. Grabolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Oxygen Plasma ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Wetting Contact Angle ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposited ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements

AbstractOne of the limiting factors of graphene integration into electronic, photonic, or sensing devices is the unavailability of large-scale graphene directly grown on the isolators. Therefore, it is necessary to transfer graphene from the donor growth wafers onto the isolating target wafers. In the present research, graphene was transferred from the chemical vapor deposited 200 mm Germanium/Silicon (Ge/Si) wafers onto isolating (SiO2/Si and Si3N4/Si) wafers by electrochemical delamination procedure, employing poly(methylmethacrylate) as an intermediate support layer. In order to influence the adhesion properties of graphene, the wettability properties of the target substrates were investigated in this study. To increase the adhesion of the graphene on the isolating surfaces, they were pre-treated with oxygen plasma prior the transfer process of graphene. The wetting contact angle measurements revealed the increase of the hydrophilicity after surface interaction with oxygen plasma, leading to improved adhesion of the graphene on 200 mm target wafers and possible proof-of-concept development of graphene-based devices in standard Si technologies.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Hydrophilicity and Micellization of Coil–Brush Polystyrene-b-(polyglycidol-g-polyglycidol) Copolymer—Comparison with Linear Polystyrene-b-Polyglycidol

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Mariusz Gadzinowski ◽  
Maciej Kasprów ◽  
Teresa Basinska ◽  
Stanislaw Slomkowski ◽  
Łukasz Otulakowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Critical Micellization Concentration ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Similar Composition ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Static Conditions

In this paper, an original method of synthesis of coil–brush amphiphilic polystyrene-b-(polyglycidol-g-polyglycidol) (PS-b-(PGL-g-PGL)) block copolymers was developed. The hypothesis that their hydrophilicity and micellization can be controlled by polyglycidol blocks architecture was verified. The research enabled comparison of behavior in water of PS-b-PGL copolymers and block–brush copolymers PS-b-(PGL-g-PGL) with similar composition. The coil–brush copolymers were composed of PS-b-PGL linear core with average DPn of polystyrene 29 and 13 of polyglycidol blocks. The DPn of polyglycidol side blocks of coil–b–brush copolymers were 2, 7, and 11, respectively. The copolymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, GPC, and FTIR methods. The hydrophilicity of films from the linear and coil–brush copolymers was determined by water contact angle measurements in static conditions. The behavior of coil–brush copolymers in water and their critical micellization concentration (CMC) were determined by UV-VIS using 1,6-diphenylhexa-1,3,5-trien (DPH) as marker and by DLS. The CMC values for brush copolymers were much higher than for linear species with similar PGL content. The results of the copolymer film wettability and the copolymer self-assembly studies were related to fraction of hydrophilic polyglycidol. The CMC for both types of polymers increased exponentially with increasing content of polyglycidol.

scholarly journals Improved de-inking of inkjet-printed paper using environmentally friendly atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma for paper recycling

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolphe Mauchauffé ◽  
Seung Jun Lee ◽  
Isaac Han ◽  
Sang Hyeong Kim ◽  
Se Youn Moon
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Paper Recycling ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Natural Energy ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Uv Visible

Abstract Nowadays, due to environmental pollution and natural energy consumption caused by waste paper, many researches are being conducted on the reuse of printed-paper. To recycle the paper, de-inking has to be performed. In this article, in order to reduce the use of the commonly used de-inking chemicals, the effect of an atmospheric pressure helium plasma treatment on the de-inking enhancement of printed-paper is studied. Through colorimeter and UV-visible spectrometer measurements the plasma treatment is shown to speed up the de-inking. While SEM observations and FTIR measurements suggest that the paper quality is retained upon plasma treatment, the increase of surface hydrophilicity measured by water contact angle measurements, compared to non-treated paper, is believed to enhance the fiber swelling of the paper and lead to a faster ink removal.

scholarly journals Surface properties and color stability of an acrylic resin combined with an antimicrobial polymer

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Pero ◽  
Jaqueline Ignárcio ◽  
Gabriela Giro ◽  
Danny Omar Mendoza-Marin ◽  
André Gustavo Paleari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Color Data ◽  
Student’S T

INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of stomatitis is common since the surface characteristics of the dentures may act as reservoirs for microorganisms and have the potential to support biofilm formation. PURPOSE: To assess the surface properties (wettability/roughness) and color stability of an acrylic resin combined with the antimicrobial polymer poly (2-tert-butylaminoethyl) methacrylate (PTBAEMA). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Thirty disc-shaped specimens of an acrylic resin (Lucitone 550) were divided into three groups: 0% (control); 5% and 10% PTBAEMA. Surface roughness values (Ra) were measured using a profilometer and wettability was determined through contact angle measurements using a goniometer and deionized water as a test liquid. Color data were measured with a spectrophotometer. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test were used to compare roughness values. Wettability data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. Color data were compared using the Student's t-test and ∆E values were classified according to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). All statistical analyses were performed considering α=.05. RESULT: Significant differences (p<.05) were detected among the groups for roughness, wettability and color stability. According to the NBS, the color changes obtained in the 5% and 10% PTBAEMA groups were "appreciable" and "much appreciable", respectively. CONCLUSION: It could be concluded that PTBAEMA incorporation in an acrylic resin increased the roughness and wettability of surfaces and produced color changes with clinical relevance.

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