scholarly journals Innovative Projects and Technology Implementation in the Hydropower Sector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Quaranta
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Operational Practices ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Fish Survival

In this chapter, some innovative case studies in the hydropower sector are discussed, highlighting how novel technologies and operational practices can make it more efficient, sustainable and cost-effective. Some practices to reduce hydropeaking effects, improving fish habitat, and turbines with higher survival rate, allowing to bring fish survival >98%, are discussed. The retrofitting of non-powered barriers can help to minimize the environmental impacts, reducing costs by more than 20%. New turbines are described focusing on their advantages with respect to standard ones, in particular, water wheels in irrigation canals to promote the valorization of watermills and old weirs, the very low head (VLH) turbine in navigation locks (reducing overall cost by more than 20%), the vortex turbine, and the Deriaz turbine with adjustable runner blades to improve the efficiency curve, especially at part load. Digitalization can help in preventing damages and failures increasing the overall efficiency and energy generation by more than 1%.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES AS A PROSPECTIVE DIRECTION OF PLANNING ACTIVITIES OF HOTEL AND RESTAURANT ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljudmila Neshchadym ◽  
Svetlana Тymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Internal State ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Product Portfolio ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
High Level

The article monitors and analyzes the main strategies for the development of hotel and restaurant enterprises and, accordingly, increase their efficiency and competitiveness; the process of organization and economic planning of hotel and restaurant enterprises has been improved. It is investigated that the enterprises of hotel and restaurant industry of Ukraine partially provide the necessary quality indicators for the provided services, and this is the reason for the insufficient level of competitiveness of services in the domestic market and in European countries. An urgent problem of planning and organizing the activities of hotel and restaurant enterprises is the use of innovative strategies and areas of long-term development to increase the level of competitiveness and quality of services provided. This will intensify innovation processes in Ukraine in the field of services. Innovative strategies and promising areas of development of hotel and restaurant enterprises are extremely important in the management of hotel and restaurant complexes. Innovative strategies in the hotel and restaurant industry are cost-effective and feasible provided a high level of profitability, improving the service process, expanding the range of services, reducing costs, increasing competitiveness, improve and optimize the work of all hotel or restaurant services. The application of innovative strategies in the process of hotel and restaurant enterprises allows them to compete in the field of service. In conditions of fierce competition and rapidly changing market conditions, it is very important not only to focus on the internal state of affairs of the enterprise, but also to develop a long-term strategy. Economic activity requires constant innovation. All services offered by hotel and restaurant enterprises must be introduced in modern innovative ways. This is the basis for successful business, maintaining a consistently high level of competitiveness and improving the quality of service. The selection of the optimal innovation strategy for a hotel or restaurant company is carried out by its management based on the analysis of key factors that characterize its condition and the state of the product portfolio.

Decarbonisation - Act Now: An Accessible Pathway for All Upstream Operators to Reduce Direct Emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Jones ◽  
Adam Joyce ◽  
Nikhil Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Novel Technologies

Abstract Objectives/Scope There are many different views on the Energy Transition. What is agreed is that to achieve current climate change targets, the journey to deep decarbonisation must start now. Scope 3 emissions are clearly the major contributor to total emissions and must be actively reduced. However, if Oil and Gas extraction is to be continued, then operators must understand, measure, and reduce Scope 1 and 2 emissions. This paper examines the constituent parts of typical Scope 1 emissions for O&G assets and discusses a credible pathway and initial steps towards decarbonisation of operations. Methods, Procedures, Process Emissions from typical assets are investigated: data is examined to determine the overall and individual contributions of Scope 1 emissions. A three tiered approach to emissions savings is presented: – Reduce overall energy usage – Seek to Remove environmental losses – Replace energy supply with low carbon alternatives A simple method, used to assess carbon emissions, based on an abatement of carbon from a cost per CO2 tonne averted basis is described. This method, Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MACC), is based solely on cost efficiency. Other criteria such as safety, weight, footprint and reliability are not considered. Credible pathway for reduction of Scope 1 emissions is presented. Taking appropriate actions as described in the pathway, contributors are eliminated in a strategic order, allowing operators to contribute to deep decarbonisation. Results, Observations, Conclusions A typical offshore installation was modelled with a number of carbon abatement measures implemented. Results are presented as cost effective or non-cost-effective CO2 measures together with the residual CO2 emissions. Based on the data presented, many of the replace measures have a higher cost per tonne of CO2 abated than reduce and remove measure. These findings indicate that additional technological advancement may be needed to make alternative power solutions commercially viable. It also indicates that several CO2 abatement measures are cost effective today. The pathway proposes actions to implement carbon savings for offshore operators, it differentiates actions which can be taken today and those which require further technological advancement before they become commercially viable. The intent of this pathway is to demonstrate that the energy transition is not solely the preserve of the largest operators and every company can take positive steps towards supporting decarbonisation. Novel/Additive Information The world needs security of energy supply. Hydrocarbons are still integral; however, oil and gas operators must contribute to carbon reduction for society to meet the energy transition challenges. As government and societal appetite for decarbonisation heightens, demands are growing for traditional hydrocarbon assets to reduce their carbon footprint if they are to remain part of the energy mix. Society and therefore regulators will demand that more is done to address emissions during this transitional phase, consequently necessitating that direct emissions are reduced as much as possible. The pathway is accessible to all today, we need not wait for novel technologies to act.

Evaluation of factors affecting the decision to adopt blockchain technology: A logistics company case study using Fuzzy DEMATEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 6279-6291
Author(s):  
Ayça Maden ◽  
Emre Alptekin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Fuzzy Dematel ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Logistics Company ◽  
Reducing Costs

Blockchain practices have been attracting attention in industries other than financial services, since blockchain is not only an information technology, but also an institutional technology owing to its new currency economics and distributed structures. Today, supply chains, power, and food/agriculture have emerged as promising areas in terms of their potential to incorporate blockchain technology for improving processes and reducing costs. Logistics corporations, especially, have been concentrating on developing efficiency in integrated data, fleet management, and communication issues, to achieve cost advantages. Experts from a well-known logistics company in Turkey contributed to our study by helping to assess critical factors for successful blockchain technology implementation. Our research topic included determining whether blockchain technology is suitable for this company. Fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) was used to determine and evaluate the critical factors to encourage blockchain technology adoption, based on the company’s requirements. For the company experts, the factors affecting the decision to adopt blockchain technology were, in order of priority: cryptocurrency, instant money transfer, privacy, real time processing, smart contract, security, authentication, transparency, immutability, traceability, distributed ledger, reduced delays, and peer-to-peer networks.

A large, ultra-black, efficient and cost-effective dye-sensitized solar module approaching 12% overall efficiency under 1000 lux indoor light

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1995-2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chi Tsai ◽  
Chin-Li Wang ◽  
Chiung-Wen Chang ◽  
Cheng-Wei Hsu ◽  
Yu-Hsin Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Overall Efficiency

A large, ultra-black, efficient and cost-effective dye-sensitized solar module reaches an overall efficiency of ∼12% under 1000 lux of T5 fluorescent light.

Disruptive Innovation in Dentistry: What It Is and What Could Be Next

2020 ◽  
pp. 002203452097877
Author(s):  
T. Joda ◽  
A.W.K. Yeung ◽  
K. Hung ◽  
N.U. Zitzmann ◽  
M.M. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Ethical Implications

Dentistry is a technically oriented profession, and the health care sector is significantly influenced by the ubiquitous trend of digitalization. Some of these digital developments have the potential to result in disruptive changes for dental practice, while others may turn out to be just a pipedream. This Discovery! essay focuses on innovations built on artificial intelligence (AI) as the center-technology influencing 1) dental eHealth data management, 2) clinical and technical health care applications, and 3) services and operations. AI systems enable personalized dental medicine workflows by analyzing all eHealth data gathered from an individual patient. Besides dental-specific data, this also includes genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic information and therefore facilitates optimized and personalized treatment strategies and risk management. Based on the power of AI, the triangular frame of “data”/“health care”/“service” is supplemented by technological advancements in the field of social media, Internet of things, augmented and virtual reality, rapid prototyping, and intraoral optical scanning as well as teledentistry. Innovation continues to be critical to tackle dental problems until its routine implementation based on sound scientific evidence. Novel technologies must be viewed critically in relation to the cost-benefit ratio and the ethical implications of a misleading diagnosis or treatment produced by AI algorithms. Highly sensitive eHealth data must be handled responsibly to enable the immense benefits of these technologies to be realized for society. The focus on patient-centered research and the development of personalized dental medicine have the potential to improve individual and public health, as well as clarify the interconnectivity of disease in a more cost-effective way.

Development of Calibration Equipment for Geodetic Angle Measurement Instruments

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
Lauryna Šiaudinytė ◽  
Deividas Sabaitis ◽  
Domantas Bručas ◽  
Gintaras Dmitrijev
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
The Cost

Production of high precision circular scales is a complicated process requiring expensive equipment and complex processes to achieve. Precision angle measurement equipment tends to be very expensive and therefore not accessible to all in need. Simplification of production of such devices can lead to reducing costs of angle measurement systems ensuring easier accessibility. A new method of producing precision circular scales using low cost mass production can reduce the costs of these devices drastically. Therefore, utilising a common CD technology as the basis for such scales is analysed. This paper deals with the analysis of the newest laser cutting method for plastic circular scales. Preliminary results of manufacturing such scales are presented in the paper as well as measurements of the grating of the scale were performed. The quality of different scales manufactured using different laser types is analysed in the study. The cost – effective alternative of manufacturing circular scales is discussed in the paper.

Intensity modulation of chemoimmunotherapy for late stages of liver carcinoma.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14716-e14716
Author(s):  
Baofa Yu ◽  
ZhenLu Ma ◽  
Changjiang Guan ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Yebin Che ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Intensity Modulation ◽  
Liver Carcinoma ◽  
Autologous Tumor ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Late Stages

e14716 Background: Provenge (Dendreon Co.) is an autologous cellular vaccine and represents a significant milestone for cancer immunotherapy and generates renewed interest in the field. Chemoimmunotherapy as a highly attractive way for cancer treatment has been studied over years but this is not generated a specific powerful immunotherapy yet. Intensity Modulation of Chemoimmunotherapy (IMCIT) is similarly with Provenge function and plays in kill tumor cells and induces patient’s own immunological effect against micro size cancers more than just Introtumoral Chemotherapy(ITCT) alone. Methods: Introtumoral injection of IMCIT into late stages of liver Cancer (447 cases) which is a proprietary therapeutic regimen composed of three components for intensity modulation of chemoimmunotherapy, i.e., an oxidant, a cytotoxic drug and a hapten. Results: After intratumoral injection, coagulate tumor mass for sustained drug release and drug kills tumor cells, a small molecule hapten binds to these antigens and other large carriers for intensity modulation, then autologous tumor antigens released from the dead tumor cells and trigger immune response as a self-vaccination to further boost systemic humoral and cellular immunity for suppression and eradication of tumor recurrence. For single liver tumor, 6 months survival rate for IMCIT 63.03% and ITCT 36.17%(p<0.01), 12 months survival rate for IMCIT 32.77% and ITCT 21.28% (P.0.05);for mutable liver tumors, 6 months survival rate for IMCIT 54.44% and ITCT 20.93%(p<0.01),12 months survival rate for IMCIT 21.11% and ITCT 6.98%(p<0.05). Therefore, more importantly, IMCIT provides a new option for cancer treatment by integrating local chemotherapeutic effect with systemic anti-tumor immunity; cell death induced by chemotherapeutic drugs is a priming event and allows the injected tumor act as its own vaccine. Conclusions: Introtumoral injection of IMCIT is a safe, aggressive and cost-effective clinical treatment for solid tumors. IMCIT displays the following advantages: clinically effective for single and multiple masses liver cancer and minimal side effects and better quality of life; simple and cost-effective treatment and strong intellectual property position..

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY IN AWASSI EWES: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Jalal E. Alkass ◽  
Hani N. Hermiz ◽  
Mevan Ibrahim Baper
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Reproductive efficiency in terms of fertility, Prolificacy and survival rate are considered the major components of overall efficiency in sheep productivity. While fertility of Awassi ewes is moderate to high depending on feeding and management practices, however, litter size is low and Awassi is not considered a prolific breed. Heritability estimates of these traits are rather low, and reflect small genetic variation in these traits. The possible avenues for increasing reproductive capacity environmentally and genetically are discussed in the text of this review article.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of a Low Head Water Vortex Turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Badhan Saha ◽  
Mazharul Islam ◽  
Khondoker Nimul Islam ◽  
Jubair Naim ◽  
Md Shahriar Farabi
Keyword(s):  
Input Power ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Low Head ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Run Of River

A small hydropower plant is an environment-friendly renewable energy technology. The run-of-river type gravitational water vortex turbine can be designed to produce electricity at sites with low water heads. In this study, an experimental investigation was undertaken on this type of turbine with a water tank and a runner which is connected to a shaft. At the end of the shaft, a rope brake was attached to measure the output power, torque and overall efficiency of the vortex turbine by varying flow rates. The designed vortex turbine can achieve an overall efficiency of . The experimental results were validated with available data in the literature and theories associated with the turbine. The results also showed that the flow rate plays a vital role in generating power, torque as well as overall efficiency. The project was completed using local resources and technologies. Moreover, as water is used as the input power, this project is eco-friendly which has no adverse effect on the environment.

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