scholarly journals Extracts and Essential Oils from Medicinal Plants and Their Neuroprotective Effect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ianara Mendonça da Costa ◽  
Elaine Cristina Gurgel Andrade Pedrosa ◽  
Ana Paula de Carvalho Bezerra ◽  
Luciana Cristina Borges Fernandes ◽  
José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
The Subject

Current therapies for neurodegenerative diseases offer only limited benefits to their clinical symptoms and do not prevent the degeneration of neuronal cells. Neurological diseases affect millions of people around the world, and the economic impact of treatment is high, given that health care resources are scarce. Thus, many therapeutic strategies to delay or prevent neurodegeneration have been the subject of research for treatment. One strategy for this is the use of herbal and essential oils of different species of medicinal plants because they have several bioactive compounds and phytochemicals with neuroprotective capacity. In addition, they respond positively to neurological disorders, such as dementia, oxidative stress, anxiety, cerebral ischemia, and oxidative toxicity, suggesting their use as complementary treatment agents in the treatment of neurological disorders.

The Undiscovered Potential of Essential Oils for Treating SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (41) ◽  
pp. 5261-5277
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wilkin ◽  
Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki ◽  
Alex George ◽  
Girish K. Gupta ◽  
Cornelia M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
The World

On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) announced a pandemic caused by a novel beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, designated COVID-19. The virus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, has spread across the world as a global pandemic. The traditional use of medicines from plants can be traced back to 60,000 years. Global interest in the development of drugs from natural products has increased greatly during the last few decades. Essential oils (EOs) have been studied through the centuries and are known to possess various pharmaceutical properties. In the present review, we have highlighted the current biology, epidemiology, various clinical aspects, different diagnostic techniques, clinical symptoms, and management of COVID-19. An overview of the antiviral action of EOs, along with their proposed mechanism of action and in silico studies conducted, is described. The reported studies of EOs' antiviral activity highlight the baseline data about the additive and/or synergistic effects among primary or secondary phytoconstituents found in individual oils, combinations or blends of oils and between EOs and antiviral drugs. It is hoped that further research will provide better insights into EOs' potential to limit viral infection and aid in providing solutions through natural, therapeutically active agents.

scholarly journals HEDYCHIUM SPICATUM BUCH-HAM. (KUCHRI), A TREASURE HOUSE OF ESSENTIAL OILS

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
ISHA KUMARI ◽  
HEMLATA KAURAV ◽  
GITIKA CHAUDHARY
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The World ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Medicinal plants have a very significant role in the health care system. They are served as the primary source of modern drugs. One of such important medicinal plant is Hedychium spicatum Buch-ham. which belongs to the Zingiberaceae family (ginger family). The plant is commonly known as the spiked ginger lily in English and Kuchri in Hindi and Shati in Sanskrit. It is a commercially valuable plant due to its rhizomes. This rhizomatous plant holds a significant place in Ayurveda due to its extraordinary disease-curing properties. It is mentioned as Shwasahara mahakashaya dravya in Ayurveda. It is used in many folk cultures around the world as a remedy against many diseases like diarrhoea, liver-related problems, pain, vomiting, stomachache, inflammation, nausea, headache, fever etc. It is a therapeutically important plant due to the presence of numerous important essential oils as major phytochemical constituents like 1,8-Cineole, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, myrcene, α-phellandrene, etc. The main therapeutic properties of the plant are anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, tranquilizer, antipyretic, anti-diabetic, pediculicidal, anti-helminthic etc. The aim of the present review is to provide information related to phytochemistry, therapeutic properties, traditional uses of Hedychium spicatum in Ayurveda and folk medicinal system.

Essential oils in experimental models of neuropsychiatric disorders: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Cristina B. Fernandes ◽  
Ianara Mendonça Costa ◽  
Marco Aurelio M. Freire ◽  
Francisca Overlânia V. Lima ◽  
Francisca Idalina Neta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Cochrane Library

Background: Neural cells undergo functional or sensory loss due to neurological disorders. In addition to environmental or genetic factors, oxidative stress is a major contributor to neurodegeneration. In this context, there has been a growing interest in investigating the effects of essential oils (EOs) in recent years, especially in the treatment of neuropathologies. The chemical and biological effects of EOs have led to important treatment tools for the management of various neurological disorders. Objective: In the present study we performed a systematic review that sought to comprehend the neuroprotective effects of different EOs. Method: This work is a systematic review where an electronic search was performed on PubMed, Science direct, Cochrane Library and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) databases, covering the last 10 years, using “Essential oil” and “Neuroprotective effect” as reference terms. Results: A total of 9 articles were identified, in which the efficacy of EOs was described in experimental models of anxiety, dementia, oxidative stress, cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer’s disease and oxidative toxicity. Conclusion: EOs from different species of medicinal plants have shown positive responses in neurological disorders such as anxiety, dementia, oxidative stress, cerebral ischemia and oxidative toxicity. Thus, EOs emerges with the potential to be used as alternative agents in the treatment of neurological disorders.

scholarly journals Oregano - właściwości i wykorzystanie przez ludzi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Olga Suska ◽  
Oliwia Turkot ◽  
Kalina Sikorska-Zimny
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

Introduction. Lebiodka, or oregano, is a popular plant used in medicine, cosmetics and in cuisine in many areas of the world. Oregano’s properties were appreciated by the ancients, and now due to the growing interest in the healing effects of plants, oregano is becoming the subject of interest of many researchers. Its bacterial-fungicidal and even virucidal properties aroused great interest. Oregano was valued as a panacea for gastrointestinal ailments, but also used as calming agent for skin irritations. Overview. With the development of science, we get to know better and more precisely not only the composition of plants, but also their impact on human health of both individual ingredients and the whole plant. Oregano is rich in essential oils, but also polyphenols, micro and macro elements and thanks to its abilities has been known for its healing properties since antiquity. Along with the development of analytical methods and scientific knowledge, the oregano was examined and assessed about the mechanisms of its pro-health effects. Conclusions. Due to oregano’s properties, as a beneficial agent for human health and additionally capable of acting as a kind of natural food preservatives. An interest in such possible usage of oregano is constantly increasing.

scholarly journals A review of the most important medicinal herbs affecting giardiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Reza Nazer ◽  
Saber Abbaszadeh ◽  
Khatereh Anbari ◽  
Morteza Shams
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
Iranian Traditional Medicine ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Drugs

Infection due to the protozoa giardia is one of the most common parasitic infections in the world. Millions of people across the world acquire this infection each year. The most common clinical symptoms of giardiasis include abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea, indigestion, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and oily feces with bad smell. Drugs used for giardiasis lead to certain side effects, such as unpleasant taste in the mouth, gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, headache and leukopenia. Considering the importance of giardiasis infection, it is essential to identify anti-parasitic herbal drugs to eliminate cystic and trophozoite types of this disease. Hence, this article is aimed to report the medicinal plants that are used in Iranian traditional medicine against giardiasis. The information in this review study was obtained from scientific articles indexed in databases such as ISI, PubMed, Scopus, SID, Magiran and Google Scholar that were retrieved using the search terms giardia, protozoa, herbs, extracts and essential oils. Medicinal plants such as Lavandula stoechas, Ferula assa-foetida, Tanacetum parthenium, Allium paradoxum, Chenopodium botrys, Carum copticum, Allium sativum, Artemisia annua, Allium ascalonicum, ZizIphora clinopodioides, Zataria multiflorahad, Eucalyptus globulus, Lippia beriandievi, Punica granatum are among the most important herbs used in Iranian herbal medicine as anti-giardiasis agents. These herbs are good candidates to produce natural and effective drugs for giardia.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling: A New Hope for Neurological Diseases?

Antioxidants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Laura R. Rodríguez ◽  
Tamara Lapeña-Luzón ◽  
Noelia Benetó ◽  
Vicent Beltran-Beltran ◽  
Federico V. Pallardó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Charcot Marie Tooth ◽  
Secondary Messenger ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Cell Maintenance

Calcium (Ca2+) is a versatile secondary messenger involved in the regulation of a plethora of different signaling pathways for cell maintenance. Specifically, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is mainly regulated by the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria, whose Ca2+ exchange is mediated by appositions, termed endoplasmic reticulum–mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), formed by proteins resident in both compartments. These tethers are essential to manage the mitochondrial Ca2+ influx that regulates the mitochondrial function of bioenergetics, mitochondrial dynamics, cell death, and oxidative stress. However, alterations of these pathways lead to the development of multiple human diseases, including neurological disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich’s ataxia, and Charcot–Marie–Tooth. A common hallmark in these disorders is mitochondrial dysfunction, associated with abnormal mitochondrial Ca2+ handling that contributes to neurodegeneration. In this work, we highlight the importance of Ca2+ signaling in mitochondria and how the mechanism of communication in MAMs is pivotal for mitochondrial maintenance and cell homeostasis. Lately, we outstand potential targets located in MAMs by addressing different therapeutic strategies focused on restoring mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake as an emergent approach for neurological diseases.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Apheresis in Neurology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Rolf Bambauer
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Blood Flow Rate ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Second Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
The World ◽  
American Society ◽  
Increased Blood Flow ◽  
Apheresis Therapy

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) remove harmful plasma constituents from patient’s blood and replacing the extracted plasma with replacement solutions. The advantages of TPE with hollow fiber membranes are a complete separation of the corpuscular components from the plasma and due to increased blood flow rate higher efficacy. Therapeutic apheresis (TA) is used more and more throughout the world. The development of new, more sophisticated membranes and new adsorption technologies allow the most selective separation of plasma components. TA has been successfully introduced in a variety of autoantibody-mediated diseases. TA is the first- or second-line therapy in the treatment of neurological disorders. The updated information on immunology and molecular biology of different neurological diseases are discussed in relation to the rationale for apheresis therapy and its place in combination with other modern treatments. The different neurological diseases can be treated by various apheresis methods. Pathogenetical aspects are demonstrated in these diseases, in which they are clarified. TA has been shown to effectively remove the autoantibodies, immune complexes, inflammatory moderators, paraproteins, and other toxins from blood and lead to rapid clinical improvement. For the neurological diseases, which can be treated with TA, the guidelines of the Apheresis Application Committee (AAC) of the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) are cited.

The essential oils of some medicinal plants on the immune system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ghasemi Pirbalouti ◽  
E Pirali ◽  
G Pishkar ◽  
S Mohammadali Jalali ◽  
M Reyesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Alignment

2016 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Pier Giuseppe Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Enactive Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Education Today ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Subject

The subject of alignment is not new to the world of education. Today however, it has come to mean different things and to have a heuristic value in education according to research in different areas, not least for neuroscience, and to attention to skills and to the alternation framework.This paper, after looking at the classic references that already attributed an important role to alignment in education processes, looks at the strategic role of alignment in the current context, outlining the shared construction processes and focusing on some of the ways in which this is put into effect.Alignment is part of a participatory, enactive approach that gives a central role to the interaction between teaching and learning, avoiding the limits of behaviourism, which has a greater bias towards teaching, and cognitivism/constructivism, which focus their attention on learning and in any case, on that which separates a teacher preparing the environment and a student working in it.

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