Microalgae: The Multifaceted Biomass of the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Tyoker Kukwa ◽  
Maggie Chetty
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Night Time ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
High Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
Hybrid Reactors ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

Microalgae are unicellular, eukaryotic organisms which possess unique qualities of replication, producing biomass as a precursor for biofuels, nutraceuticals, biofertilizer, and fine chemicals including hydrocarbons. Microalgae access nitrates and phosphates in wastewater from municipalities, industries, and agricultural processes to grow. Wastewater is, therefore, culture media for microalgae, and provides the needed nutrients, micronutrients, inorganic and organic pollutants to produce microalgae biomass. Suitable strains of microalgae cultivated under mesophilic conditions in wastewater with optimized hydrodynamics, hydraulic retention time (HRT), luminous intensity, and other co-factors produce biomass of high specific growth rate, high productivity, and with high density. The hydrodynamics are determined using a range of bioreactors from raceway ponds, photobioreactors to hybrid reactors. Carbon dioxide is used in the photosynthetic process, which offers different growth stimuli in the daytime and the night-time as the microalgae cultivation technique is navigated between autotrophy, heterotrophy, and mixotrophy resulting in microalgal lipids of different compositions.

Functionalized Inorganic Monolithic Microreactors for High Productivity in Fine Chemicals Catalytic Synthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 121 (27) ◽  
pp. 5069-5072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkrim El Kadib ◽  
Ricardo Chimenton ◽  
Alexander Sachse ◽  
François Fajula ◽  
Anne Galarneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Synthesis ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
High Productivity

Comparative evaluation of nutrient media of Escherichia coli isolating for using in veterinary laboratories

Bacteriology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Skomorina ◽  
◽  
A.A. Kremleva ◽  
L.Sh. Akhmetova ◽  
T.V. Podolskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
New Generation

The article is focus on comparative studies of modern differential diagnostic nutrient media for effective cultivation and identification of Escherichia coli. The assessment of the quality of media by biological properties was carried out in accordance with their purpose. Special attention is paid to the new generation of differential diagnostic nutrient media. It was found that the tested media have high productivity and inhibitory properties. New culture media of inland producers are not inferior in terms of the characteristics declared by the manufacturers. In case of methods validation the veterinarian laboratory will be able to use new nutrient media. Key words: nutrient media, Escherichia, productivity, selectivity and specificity

scholarly journals Effects of Liquid Digestate Treatment on Sustainable Microalgae Biomass Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kisielewska ◽  
Marcin Dębowski ◽  
Marcin Zieliński ◽  
Joanna Kazimierowicz ◽  
Piera Quattrocelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Liquid Digestate ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
High Treatment

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the potential of microalgal cultivation on anaerobic liquid digestate as a growth medium. The two methods of liquid digestate treatment including centrifugation and distillation and the two algal strains (Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis) were compared. Additionally, the volume of the liquid digestate used to prepare the culture medium constituted from 10 to 50% of the medium volume. The study demonstrated that the highest C. vulgaris and A. platensis biomass productions of 2490 mg TS/L and 2990 mg/L, respectively, were obtained by adding 50% of distilled digestate to a growth medium. Regarding centrifuged liquid digestate, only 10% dilution was required to obtain the maximum final biomass concentration. A. platensis removed 81.1% and 66.4% of the total nitrogen from medium prepared on distilled and centrifuged digestate, respectively, while C. vulgaris ensured 64.1% and 47.1% of removal, respectively. The phosphorus removal from both culture media was higher than 94.2% with A. platensis, while it was 70.4% from distilled and 87.4% from centrifuged media with C. vulgaris. The study confirmed a great potential of microalgal biomass production on anaerobic liquid digestate with a high treatment efficiency of digestate.

scholarly journals A Review on Synchronous Microalgal Lipid Enhancement and Wastewater Treatment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7687
Author(s):  
Visva Bharati Barua ◽  
Mariya Munir
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Photosynthetic Eukaryotes ◽  
Biomass Enhancement ◽  
Microalgae Biomass

Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes that can treat wastewater and provide us with biofuel. Microalgae cultivation utilizing wastewater is a promising approach for synchronous wastewater treatment and biofuel production. However, previous studies suggest that high microalgae biomass production reduces lipid production and vice versa. For cost-effective biofuel production from microalgae, synchronous lipid and biomass enhancement utilizing wastewater is necessary. Therefore, this study brings forth a comprehensive review of synchronous microalgal lipid and biomass enhancement strategies for biofuel production and wastewater treatment. The review emphasizes the appropriate synergy of the microalgae species, culture media, and synchronous lipid and biomass enhancement conditions as a sustainable, efficient solution.

Functionalized Inorganic Monolithic Microreactors for High Productivity in Fine Chemicals Catalytic Synthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (27) ◽  
pp. 4969-4972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkrim El Kadib ◽  
Ricardo Chimenton ◽  
Alexander Sachse ◽  
François Fajula ◽  
Anne Galarneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Synthesis ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
High Productivity

scholarly journals The Lipid Content of The Culture Microalgae Using Media of Tapioca Liquid Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-448
Author(s):  
Achmad Ilalqisny Insan ◽  
Christiani Christiani ◽  
Hexa Apriliana Hidayah ◽  
Dwi Sunu Widyartini
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Industrial Waste Treatment ◽  
Microalgae Growth

Microalga Navicula sp., Spirulina platensis, and Chlorella vulgaris have the prospect of being a source of biofuel producers. Rapid cell growth, coupled with the ability to produce large lipids and less pollution, can be used as an alternative to biofuel development. Microalgae cultivation can utilize tapioca liquid waste. Addition of NaCl to regulate salinity, so optimum for microalgae growth. In addition it can reduce toxins by binding to dissolved cyanide acid present in the waste. This study aims to determine the effect of NaCl concentration on tapioca liquid waste on growth and lipid microalgae content. This study used an experimental method with a complete random factorial design. The first factor tested three species of microalgae. The second factor tested seven NaCl concentrations on tapioca liquid waste media. The results showed that the concentration of NaCl 35% in tapioca liquid waste culture media capable of producing biomass of C. vulgaris cells with the highest lipid content. The NaCl concentration capable of producing the highest microalgae biomass from the study can be developed to design more effective and efficient tapioca industrial waste treatment without damaging the environment but more productive, as a biofuel producer.

scholarly journals Lipid yields from oleaginous yeasts isolated from the north Peruvian Andes by culture media non-limiting nitrogen

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-615
Author(s):  
Méndez Polo César Alexander ◽  
Quiroz Rodríguez Freddy Jonathan ◽  
Soriano Bernilla Bertha Soledad ◽  
Rojas-Padilla Carmen Rosa ◽  
Vásquez-Villalobos Víctor Javier
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Kinetics ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Oleaginous Yeasts ◽  
Peruvian Andes ◽  
The North ◽  
High Specific Growth Rate ◽  
High Lipid

Oleochemicals can be obtained from oily yeasts due to their ability to produce a high lipid content. This research aimed to isolate them from the North Peruvian Andes with a lipid content greater than 20%. They were identified by sequencing internal transcribed spacer regions ITS of conserved ribosomal DNA (rDNA), evaluate their growth kinetics, biomass and lipid yields, using culture media with C/N 100:1+xylose (MS-1-7) and 2:1+glucose (MS-2-7). Growth kinetics up to the maximum stationary phase was evaluated using the parameterized Gompertz type II model. Rhodotorula glutinis, R. mucilaginosa, and R. kratochvilovae were selected. The C/N ratio in the culture medium influenced growth kinetics, biomass and lipids yields. With MS-1-7, a high specific growth rate (?max) was obtained, reaching the stationary phase between 6 to 9 h and the highest lipid accumulation between 23.1% and 31.5%. With the MS-2-7 medium, maximum biomass value obtained in the stationary phase between 37 and 51 h, which generated the highest biomass yields at the end of the entire process and lipid yield of 4.65, 5.59, and 8.80 g L-1 in the strains mentioned. There is potential to obtain high lipid yields using a culture media non-limiting nitrogen, examining not only the C/N ratio. But also, the quantities, nature of the components, and type of oleaginous yeasts taking care to avoid a high carbon concentration to prevent the Cabtree effect.

High-pressure freezing of cells in suspension for low-voltage scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM)

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 64-65
Author(s):  
Marek Malecki ◽  
James Pawley ◽  
Hans Ris
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Ice Crystal ◽  
High Pressure Freezing ◽  
Cell Culture Media ◽  
Voltage Scanning

The ultrastructure of cells suspended in physiological fluids or cell culture media can only be studied if the living processes are stopped while the cells remain in suspension. Attachment of living cells to carrier surfaces to facilitate further processing for electron microscopy produces a rapid reorganization of cell structure eradicating most traces of the structures present when the cells were in suspension. The structure of cells in suspension can be immobilized by either chemical fixation or, much faster, by rapid freezing (cryo-immobilization). The fixation speed is particularly important in studies of cell surface reorganization over time. High pressure freezing provides conditions where specimens up to 500μm thick can be frozen in milliseconds without ice crystal damage. This volume is sufficient for cells to remain in suspension until frozen. However, special procedures are needed to assure that the unattached cells are not lost during subsequent processing for LVSEM or HVEM using freeze-substitution or freeze drying. We recently developed such a procedure.

Kalinin: A new epithelial basement membrane adhesion molecule

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
Douglas R. Keene ◽  
Gregory P. Lunstrum ◽  
Patricia Rousselle ◽  
Robert E. Burgeson
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Epithelial Basement Membrane ◽  
Type Vii Collagen ◽  
Keratinocyte Cell ◽  
Epithelial Basement

A mouse monoclonal antibody produced from collagenase digests of human amnion was used by LM and TEM to study the distribution and ultrastructural features of an antigen present in epithelial tissues and in cultured human keratinocytes, and by immunoaffinity chromatography to partially purify the antigen from keratinocyte cell culture media.By immunofluorescence microscopy, the antigen displays a tissue distribution similar to type VII collagen; positive staining of the epithelial basement membrane is seen in skin, oral mucosa, trachea, esophagus, cornea, amnion and lung. Images from rotary shadowed preparations isolated by affinity chromatography demonstrate a population of rod-like molecules 107 nm in length, having pronounced globular domains at each end. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis suggests that the size of this molecule is approximately 440kDa, and that it is composed of three nonidentical chains disulfide bonded together.

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