Essential Nanominerals and Other Nanomaterials in Poultry Nutrition and Production

Poultry production, health and wellbeing are highly dependent upon formulation of balanced rations in terms of energy, protein, and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). Among all, minerals are required in fewer quantities, but they are very important to maintain the productivity in poultry. Minerals present in the feeds are less bioavailable and additional supplementation is obligatory to meet the physiological demands of poultry. Conventionally, minerals are supplemented as inorganic salts, which are less absorbed and, thus, a major proportion is excreted to the surroundings creating environment issues. Nano-minerals and organic mineral chelates are other alternative to be used as livestock and poultry feed supplements. Though organic minerals are more bioavailable than inorganic salts, their high cost limits its use. In contrast, nano-minerals are relatively easy to synthesize at a lower cost. Nano-minerals are of the size from 1–100 nm and due to such small size, there is an enormous increase in surface area and thus their biological responses. The biological response studies have signified better retention of nano-minerals as compared to inorganic salts, and consequently leached less to the environment preventing possible pollution. Apart from these, nano-minerals have been shown to enhance growth, egg production and quality, immune-modulation and antioxidant status, and at the same time economize the production by reducing the supplemental dose of minerals and improving the feed conversion ratio. Some nano-minerals and other nanoparticles have strong antimicrobial effects, which have been shown to reduce pathogenic microorganisms in the gut. Nano-minerals seem to be less toxic than conventional mineral sources. Though less, few studies have indicated toxic effects of nano-mineral supplementation at higher dose of application, which should be validated by more programmed studies. Nanotechnology in poultry production system is still in its budding stage and more detailed studies are warranted to validate, establish and search for new effects of nano-minerals as they sometimes produce effects beyond expectation. This review highlights the biological responses of nanominerals on poultry production performance, quality of meat and eggs, tissue retention, immunity, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial actions compared with their conventional mineral sources.

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Penggunaan Tepung Limbah Udang sebagai Bahan Pakan Sumber Protein terhadap Performa Produksi Puyuh Fase Layer (Coturnix-coturnix japonica)

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis ◽

10.33772/jitro.v5i3.4733 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Hamdan Has ◽

Astriana Napirah ◽

Widhi Kurniawan ◽

Natsir Sandiah

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Shrimp Waste ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Egg Weight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Average Production ◽

Laying Quail

ABSTRAKLimbah udang merupakan limbah pengolahan udang yang memiliki potensi sebagai pakan sumber protein bagi ternak puyuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji penggunaan tepung limbah udang (TLU) sebagai sumber protein pakan pada puyuh fase layer. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap empat perlakuan lima ulangan perlakuan yang digunakan terdiri dari empat level penggunaan tepung limbah udang dalam ransum yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (5% TLU), P2 (7,5% TLU) dan P3 (10% TLU), tiap unit perlakuan disi dengan 5 ekor puyuh. Puyuh yang diguanakan adalah puyuh fase layer umur 20 minggu, sebanyak 100 ekor yang didistribusikan kedalam 20 unit percobaan. Bahan pakan yang digunakan adalah jagung, dedak padi, konsentrat petelur dan tepung limbah udang. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam dan data yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) diuji lanjut menggunakan uji duncan. Variabel yang diamati adalah performa produksi: konsumsi pakan, produksi telur, bobot telur dan konversi ransum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan TLU dalam ransum (P1,P2 dan P3) menunjukkan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) dibanding kontrol pada minggu ke-tiga penelitian terhadap bobot telur dan konversi ransum, penggunaan TLU (P1,P2,P3) selama lima minggu meningkatkan konsumsi ransum (P<0,05) dibanding kontrol tetapi tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap produksi telur, bobot telur dan konversi ransum. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa penggunaan TLU dalam ransum dapat digunakan hingga level 7,5% sedangkan level 10% menunjukkan adanya penurunan rata-rata performa produksi.Kata kunci: tepung limbah udang, puyuh fase layer, performa produksiABSTRACTShrimp waste was shrimp processing waste which has the potential as protein source for quail feed. This study was aimed to examine the use of shrimp waste flour (SWF) asprotein source for laying quail feed. This study used completely randomized design that consist of four treatments and five replications.The treatmentswere using levels of shrimp waste flour in feed and consist of P0 (control), P1 (5% SWF), P2 (7.5% SWF) and P3 (10% SWF ). Each treatment unit was filled with 5 quails. One hundred of 20 weeks laying quails were used in this study. Self mixing feed that contained corn, rice bran, laying concentrate and shrimp waste flour were used in this study. The data obtained were analyzed using analyze of variance and continued using Duncan multiple range test. The variables observed were production performance that consist of feed consumption, egg production, egg weight and feed conversionratio. The results showed that the use of SWF in feed (P1, P2 and P3) showed a significant effect (P <0.05) compared to controls in the third week of research on egg weight and feed conversion ratio.The use of SWF (P1, P2, P3) for five weeks increased feed consumption (P <0.05) compared to controls but not significantly different (P>0.05) for egg production, egg weight and feed conversion. The conclusion of this study was the use of SWF in feed can be used until 7.5% on laying quail feed while the level of 10% indicates a decrease in average production performance.Keywords: shrimp waste flour, laying quail, production performance

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Fermentation of Carrot Juice Waste (Daucus carota L) with Probiotics and Utilization in Races of Chicken Layers on Egg Production and Quality

Bantara Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.32585/bjas.v2i2.937 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nur Endang Sukarini

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Carrot Juice ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Index Value ◽

Basal Ration ◽

Haugh Unit

The aim of this study was to test the use of carrot juice fermentation with probiotics in rations with different levels on the production performance and quality of egg-laying hens. The material used was Lohman Brown strain of laying hens, 27 weeks old with an average initial body weight of 1.69 kg, as many as 45 birds. The research was conducted with experimental methods and used a Complete Design Acal (CRD). The treatment tested was the use of Carrot Extract Fermentation (FLSW) with probiotic SOC in the feed consisting of T1 = 100% basal ration, T2 = basal ration (97.5%) + FLSW (2.5%): T3 = basal ration ( 95%) + FLSW (5%); T4 = basal ration (92.5%) + FLSW (7.5%); T5 = basal ration (90%) + FLSW (10%). The variables observed were production performance (consumption, egg production (HDA / Hen Day Average), egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion and income over feed cost) and egg quality variables (albumin index, yolk index, Haugh Unit (HU), yolk color, albumin pH, yolk pH). The results of the analysis of variance showed that the use of carrot extract fermentation (FLSW) with different levels had a significant effect on feed consumption (Sig.115) and HDA (Sig.063), yolk index value (Sig.087) and yolk color (Sig. 000). , and not significantly different on feed conversion (Sig. 403), albumin index value (Sig. 522), and Haugh Unit (Sig. 259). The conclusion of the research showed that the use of fermented carrot juice waste (FLSW) in the feed of laying hens had an effect on feed consumption, egg production (Hen Day Averag / HDA), yolk index and yolk brightness (yolk color), but had no effect on conversion. feed, Haugh unit and albumin index value. Key words : probiotics, fermentation, carrot juice waste, production performance, egg quality

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Production performance and egg quality of White Rock laying hens fed diets containing whole linseed

Bangladesh Journal of Livestock Research ◽

10.3329/bjlr.v20i1-2.47019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1-2) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

H Khatun ◽

MN Islam ◽

MA Rashid ◽

MY Ali ◽

MSK Sarker

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Control Diet ◽

Production Performance ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Egg Weight ◽

Quality Aspects ◽

Significant Difference

This study was conducted to know the production performance of laying hen by using different graded level of linseed. At 56 weeks of age, a total of 160 laying hens were raised up to 63 weeks of age. All hens were fed a basal corn soyabean meal diet. The experiment was allowed 4 dietary treatments (T0, no addition of whole linseed in the basal diet; T1, addition of 5% whole linseed; T2, addition of 10% whole linseed and T3, addition of 15% whole linseed) with 5 replications and per replication contains eight hens. Egg production, feed intake, egg weight of each treatment was recorded. Egg samples were collected and analyzed for egg quality. The results showed that egg production and egg mass (kg) exhibited for all dietary treatment groups were unaffected (P>0.05) by feeding linseed to the laying hens. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was found significant difference within the four dietary group (P<0.05). Egg quality aspects such as yolk weight, egg weight, HU and yolk index were not differed significantly (P>0.05) among treatments. A trend for lower yolk weight was observed in birds fed 10% linseed, where as the highest yolk weight percentage was recorded in control diet. There was no statistical difference among the different diets for yolk index. The results of the present trial suggested that feeding linseed to the laying hens has no detrimental effects on egg production and egg quality. Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 20(1-2): 48-53, Jan-Dec 2013

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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH SAYURAN DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERFORMA PRODUKSI ITIK PETELUR

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran ◽

10.24198/jit.v18i2.19501 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Emy Saelan

Keyword(s):

Orthogonal Polynomial ◽

Egg Production ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Cage Experiment ◽

Trend Pattern ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The waste vegetables ration the effect to the performance production have been done in cage experiment of Poultry Production Farm in Agriculture Studi Programs Khairun University, Ternate, Maluku Utara. An exsperiment using laying ducks padjadjaran age 46 weeks as 64 ducks. The research used to Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications of, R0 (100% control rations); R1 (5% waste vegetables + 95% control rations); R2 (10% waste vegetables + 90% control rations); and R3 (15% waste vegetables + 85% control rations); and to see the effect of trend pattern of each treatment was done by orthogonal polynomial test. The results (1). Egg production average is R0 (63,04%); R1 (65,37%); R2 (69,79%) and R3 (70,57%) was significantly different (P<0.05); (2). Rations of consumption is R0 (154.36 gram); R1 (153.66 gram); R2 (151.48); and R3 (150.60 gram) was significantly different (P<0.05) between treatment of R0, R2 and R3; (3) Feed conversion rations is R0 (3.46); R1 (3.35); R2 (3.08) and R3 (3.03) was significantly different (P<0.05) R0, R2 and R3, but not significantly different between treatment of R2 and R3 (P>0,05). The use of waste vegetables ration up to 15% in laying ducks rations real increased egg production, improve consumption and feed conversion rations.

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Antioxidants in Poultry Nutrition and Reproduction: An Update

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9020105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 105 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Peter F. Surai

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Conversion Rate ◽

Egg Production ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Tremendous Progress ◽

Poultry Nutrition ◽

Feed Conversion Rate

For the last three decades poultry production worldwide has made tremendous progress in terms of quantity and quality of meat and egg production, including improvement of growth rate and feed conversion rate [...]

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Supplementation of organic minerals and its effect on production performance and egg quality of laying hens

10.46417/japn/2020.003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 12-16

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Production Performance ◽

Control Group ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Egg Shell ◽

Organic Minerals

The present study was conducted to find the effect of different levels of organic minerals on egg production and egg quality of laying hens. A total of 45 laying hens were selected and divided into three groups with 3 replicates of 5 birds each. The control group was provided with commercial ration having inorganic minerals and the other two groups were supplemented with organic minerals at the rate of 7.5 (OM-50) and 15 mg/kg (OM-100). The experiment lasted for 5 weeks including 1 week of adaptation period. Overall feed intake was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the control. Significantly lower feed intake was recorded in group OM-100. Numerically lower (better) FCR was recorded in OM-100 at all recorded stages. Significantly (P<0.05) higher egg weight, egg shell weight and egg shell thickness was found in OM-100 compared to the control. Similarly, albumin height, Haugh unit and yolk weight were significantly (P<0.05) higher in M-100. It was concluded from the present results that organic minerals at the level of 50 and 100 mg/kg improved the performance and egg quality of laying hens. However, better results were found in OM-100.

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Use of Medicinal Mushrooms in Layer Ration

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9121014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1014

Author(s):

Shad Mahfuz ◽

Xiangshu Piao

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Production Performance ◽

Poultry Feed ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Medicinal Mushrooms ◽

Laying Performance ◽

Medicinal Fungi

Application of different medicinal mushrooms intended to enhance production performance and health status has created an importance demand in poultry production. One goal of using medicinal mushrooms is to get rid of antibiotics in poultry feed without affecting the optimum performance. Increasing concerns about this issue have led to more attention on antibiotic substitutes and a significant demand for them for organic egg production. Thus, supplementation with medicinal mushrooms is a new concept for research in layer production, however, there is still a great deal of confusion about inclusion levels and the mode of action of medicinal mushrooms on production performance and health status in laying hens. Taking this into account, this review outlines the experimental uses of medicinal fungi on the growth performance, laying performance, egg quality, and health status of layer birds based on previous findings to date. Finally, we highlight that supplementation with medicinal fungi can play a role on the immunity, health, and production performance in laying hens.

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Application of Moringa(Moringa oleifera) as Natural Feed Supplement in Poultry Diets

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9070431 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 431 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Shad Mahfuz ◽

Xiang Shu Piao

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Egg Production ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Production Performance ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Feed Supplement ◽

The Past ◽

Poultry Diets ◽

Enhancing Production

Application of natural herbs with a view to enhancing production performance and health status has created an important demand in poultry production. With the increasing concerns on this issue, greater attention paid to alternatives to antibiotics for organic meat and egg production has led to a great demand. This study was conducted with view to assessing the possible role of M. oleifera as a natural feed supplement in poultry ration. Various scientific findings and published research articles were considered concerning issues including the study background, objectives, major findings, and conclusions of the review. M oleifera is known as a miracle tree because of its wealthy resource of various nutrients with high biological values. M. oleifera has been used as a growth promoter, immune enhancer, antioxidant, and has a hypo-cholesterol effect on chickens. It has both nutritional and therapeutic values. However, there is still much confusion in past published articles involving the major roles of M. oleifera in production performance and health status of chickens. Taking this into account, the present study highlights an outline of the experimental uses of M. oleifera on growth performance, egg production performance, egg quality, and health status in broilers and laying hens justified with the past findings to the present. The knowledge gaps from the past studies are considered, and the feasibility of M. oleifera in poultry ration is suggested. The findings have motivated further study on M. oleifera to find out the most active ingredients and their optimal doses in both broiler and laying hen rations. Finally, the present study highlights that supplementation of M. oleifera may play a role in the immunity, sound health, and production performance in poultry.

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Phenotypic characterization of local Ghanaian chickens: egg-laying performance under improved management conditions

Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales ◽

10.1017/s2078633615000041 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 29-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Osei-Amponsah ◽

B.B. Kayang ◽

A. Naazie ◽

M. Tiexier-Boichard ◽

X. Rognon

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Egg Production ◽

Egg Laying ◽

Production Performance ◽

Phenotypic Characterization ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Laying Performance ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Local Chicken ◽

Local Chickens

SummaryEgg production performance of 571 local Ghanaian chickens and 107 SASSO T44 chickens kept under improved management conditions were analysed. Average egg weight, hen-day egg production and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were determined for the three experimental chicken ecotypes. Hen-day production was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in the savannah local chicken ecotype than the forest ecotype and SASSO T44 chickens. Egg weights of local Ghanaian chickens compared favourably with values reported for local chickens in Africa. On the average, SASSO T44 had significantly (P< 0.05) higher egg weights and feed intake compared with the local chicken ecotypes. The local chicken ecotypes on the other hand, had significantly (P< 0.05) better feed conversion ratios than SASSO T44 chicken. Local Ghanaian chicken ecotypes have a more efficient FCR per every unit of egg produced compared with the control population. Low feed intake, good feed conversion ratios and adaptation to the environment are traits local chicken harbour which can be exploited in future breeding programmes to improve on chicken meat and egg production in Ghana. Ghanaian local chickens could thus be a valuable genetic resource for the development of an efficient egg production chicken breed adaptable to the humid tropical climates.

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Effect of Oils in Feed on the Production Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11123482 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 3482

Author(s):

Zhouyang Gao ◽

Junnan Zhang ◽

Fuwei Li ◽

Jiangxia Zheng ◽

Guiyun Xu

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Egg Production ◽

Large Scale ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Essential Fatty Acids ◽

Production Performance ◽

Feed Conversion

With the development of a large-scale and intensive production industry, the number of laying hens in China is rapidly increasing. Oils, as an important source of essential fatty acids, can be added to the diet to effectively improve the production performance and absorption of other nutrients. The present review discusses the practical application of different types and qualities of oils in poultry diets and studies the critical effects of these oils on production performance, such as the egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and various egg quality parameters, including the albumen height, Haugh units, yolk color, and saturated/unsaturated fatty acids. This article reviews the effects of different dietary oil sources on the production performance and egg quality of laying hens and their potential functional mechanisms and provides a reference for the selection of different sources of oils to include in the diet with the aim of improving egg production. This review thus provides a reference for the application of oils to the diets of laying hens. Future studies are needed to determine how poultry products can be produced with the appropriate proper oils in the diet and without negative effects on production performance and egg quality.

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