scholarly journals Recent Advancement in Goat Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Matovu ◽  
Ahmet Alçiçek
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
New Research

Nutrition or feeding is one of the most important components in livestock production and it’s associated with high costs. In goat production, it can typically account for 60% or more of total production costs. As a result, there is much new research being conducted on goat feeding and nutrition in a variety of areas regarding production costs, sustainability, and quality of the product produced. Areas of research that are currently receiving much attention include feed additives such as prebiotics, probiotics, enzymes, antioxidants, plant secondary metabolites, etc. Their use in animal feed is expected to increase due to the abolition of synthetic antimicrobials in feed, although there is still limited information on their use and is accompanied by contradictory research reports. This study aims to highlight some of the recent and emerging studies on the different feed resources, feed additives and dietary feed composition for goats.

scholarly journals Plants and plant extracts for improving animal productivity

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Greathead
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
Conventional Animal ◽  
Agriculture And Food

Plant secondary metabolites are a natural resource that is largely unexploited in ‘conventional’ animal production systems. They have in the past been generally considered as a source of anti-nutritional factors, and not as a source of exploitable performance-enhancing compounds. Recent and continuing changes to legislation controlling the use of animal feed additives have stimulated interest in bioactive secondary metabolites as alternative performance enhancers. They are broadly compatible with current thinking on the future of agriculture and food in Europe, and with consumer opinion. Interest has been largely on their manipulative role in the digestive and absorptive processes of the hindgut. The present paper will review the use of plants and their extracts to manipulate the rumen microbial ecosystem to improve the efficiency of rumen metabolism. The bioavailability of secondary metabolites and their actions on peripheral metabolism will be considered with a view to improving animal performance. The challenge of delivering plants and their extracts to animals outdoors in a controlled manner will be discussed. Much of what is known about the beneficial roles of plant secondary metabolites on animal performance is circumstantial and is based on tenuous data. In order to more fully exploit their bioactive properties for the benefit of animal performance, modes of action need to be understood. Uptake will be dependent on proven efficacy and consumer acceptance of assurances relating to safety, welfare and the environment.

scholarly journals The use of protein-vitamin-mineral feed additives in animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Hutsol ◽  
K. M. Syrovatko ◽  
V.S. Vuhliar
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Component Ratio ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Mineral Supplements

The article provides overview and analysis of scientific publications and developments on the use of protein-vitamin-mineral supplements for farm animals and poultry. The analysis of various components that were introduced into diets containing of protein-vitamin-mineral supplements in feeding farm animals and the importance of biological significance for the livestock sector and the as a whole is carried out. It is summarized and analyzed the foreign and domestic editions, namely – information on the qualitative part taken by protein-vitamin -mineral supplements in the total production of feed for farm animals and poultry. The recipes, composition of the component ratio for different species of animals and poultry as well as the percentage for certain sex-age groups of animals are given. It is established that the expediency of proper mixing of feed positively affects the quality of the finished product and, therefore, the provision of animal increment, which are the main requirements of the modern livestock market in Ukraine and abroad. Modern researches of scientists and practitioners on protein-vitamin-mineral supplements, as well as the market of domestic and foreign manufacturers of products for farm animals and poultry are analyzed. The dependence of introducing into the feed additive of new components, which both improve productivity, digestibility, and improve the quality of finished products, is studied and therefore reduces feed costs by 1 kg of live weight. The data of digestibility of fed protein-vitamin-mineral supplements in the composition of rations, hematological parameters of blood, morphological data, as well as productive indicators are average daily increments, depending on the growth phase of farm animals and poultry. The article presents advanced establishments-developers of protein-vitamin-mineral supplements, as well as producers of new high-quality equipment for mixing BWMD and components of the diet for different periods and sex-age groups of farm animals and poultry in the domestic and foreign markets.

scholarly journals https://www.anbarjvs.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/1.pdf

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kifah Odhaib ◽  
Measem Alallawee ◽  
Zainab AL-Mousawi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Animal Product ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
The Stability

The purpose of this review is to summarize the effectiveness, modes of action and commercial application of herbal plants and their derivatives as growth promoters for animal. As described in literature, the increase in the growth of farming prices and feed costs for small ruminant in general, led to increases difficulties in production of livestock. To dissolve this issue, several studies concentrated on new alternative of feed resource, but others have tried to enrich milk products and meat by rising polyphenol compounds content to their by introductions of herbal plants in sheep and goat feed. Currently, consumers demand safety and the quality of feeding. Since antibiotics can be leave residues in ruminant tissues, that could induce subsequent emergence of resistant strains of microorganisms capable of endangering the health of livestock and human. This scenario has given the impetus to explore alternatives to antibiotics in animal nutrition. Consequently, as replacement for the synthetic growth promoter’s antibiotics, natural products like herbs and spice as natural feed additives come to the attention to enhance physiological functions. So, the use of feeds containing bioactive compounds such as thymol, flavonoids, saponins, limonene, thymoquinone, essential oils and others which concentrated in different parts, such as leaves, roots and seeds that can be used for these purpose in animal feed and responsible for the healthy animal product. Furthermore, one of the hot points in the advanced research is the stability of animal product against the oxidative deterioration process that limits the shelf life.

scholarly journals Design of heat exchanger for the production of zinc imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) particles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto ◽  
◽  
Risti Ragadhita ◽  
Silmi Ridwan Putri ◽  
Rina Maryanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Tube Type ◽  
Shell And Tube ◽  
Calculation Analysis ◽  
Manual Calculation

The design of a heat exchanger is very effective to reduce total production costs, compared to buying a ready-made exchanger. This study aims to design a heat exchanger with a manual calculation analysis method to get dimension calculations of the heat exchanger. Dimension calculation of heat exchanger aims to determine the quality of the heat exchanger based on the overall heat transfer coefficient and the dirt factor that occurs in the heat exchanger. The designed heat exchanger is a shell and tube type with 1 (one) pass shell and 2 (two) pass tubes using water as hot fluid and cold fluid. The fluid flow is assumed to be the opposite. The results show the effectiveness of the heat exchanger reaches more than 50%. The performance of the designed heat exchanger is relatively good but it still does not meet the minimum requirements of the established dirt factor. This research can be useful as a learning method regarding the design process, working mechanism, and heat exchanger performance.

scholarly journals Herbs in a sustainable animal nutrition

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Runjaic-Antic ◽  
S. Pavkov ◽  
J. Levic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Antibiotic Drugs

Animal has a direct impact on the quality of meat, milk and eggs in a positive and negative sense. Over the composition of a meal for animals can manipulate the quality of products of animal origin and can be achieved by a variety of nutritional, sensory, chemical, physical and physiological characteristics. The use of medicine in intensive and extensive farming is a big and risky to the quality of food and thus health. In organic farming of animals is not allowed to use medicines. Because are increasingly looking for natural healing resources. Herbs provides, in the manufacture of animal feed, a real opportunity to increase value through the use of different functional additions. Addition food for animals, really can improve its functionality in terms of a physiological effect. In developed countries in Europe is very strong trend of replacing synthetic antibiotic drugs based on medicinal herbal preparations. As herbal feed additives may be used drug (finely divided dry medicinal herbal raw materials), herbal extracts or herbal isolate (e.g. essential oil). The paper gives a short overview of the most important potential of herbal medicinal materials with antibacterial activity, antiinflammatory, digestion-stimulating, laxative, antidiarrhoeal, choleretic etc. activities that have an approved application in human medicine and which can be added to animal feed for use in different animal health disorders. The use of herbs is more current and all higher, in human and veterinary food industry.

scholarly journals Effect of Azolla pinnata Use In Feed and Probiotics On Carcase Percentage and Fat Abdominal Broiler

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
NILAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Alternative Feed

Livestock business is not separated from the cost of feeds issued. Feed is the largest production costs of 60-70% of the total production costs, so it needs to look for and utilize other alternative feed ingredients that do not compete with humans, the price is cheap, easy to obtain and not ignore the content nutrients from the feed ingredients.One of the alternative feed ingredients derived from agricultural waste that is available in large quantities and can be used as animal feed is Azolla pinnata with crude protein content ranging from 24 - 30%. Azolla pinnata plants or water spikes are the plants that usually live on the water surface, so far the farmers consider Azolla pinnata as a weed that disturbs their crops, so Azolla pinnata much thrown away by the farmers.In addition to utilizing Azolla pinnata as broiler feed and broilernya optimal growth should be added probiotics. Provision of probiotics are expected to function to maintain the health of chicken digestion as well as a growth spur so that later available food poultry products in the form of good meat, healthy and reduce residual antibiotics.This research has been conducted in Farm State Agricultural Polytechnic Payakumbuh. The data were collected for four weeks using 100 broiler children, with Completely Randomized Design using 5 treatments and 4 replications, with parameters: weight gain, consumption, conversion, carcass percentage and abdominal fat.The results of this study show that there is an increase in body weight and percentage of carcass. The average percentage of carcasses ranged between 59.24% - 67.52% and the abdominal fat percentage ranged from 9.86% to 11.34%.The conclusion of this study besides can reduce production cost also seen that best treatment that is combination in use of Azolla pinnata 15% and probiotic 10 ml.

scholarly journals KAJIAN BIAYA PEMUPUKAN TANAMAN MENGHASILKAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) DI DIVISI F KEBUN SEI KALAM PT. ASAM JAWA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Tuty Ningsih ◽  
Dimas Akbar Ramadhan Lubis ◽  
Saroha Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
North Sumatra

Fertilization in oil palm plants plays a very important role, more than 50% of the cost of the plant is used for fertilization. The hybrid oil palm currently being developed is generally very responsive to fertilization. Fertilization is a very important factor to increase the productivity and quality of the production produced. Fertilization is useful to provide nutrients needed by plants in order to carry out physiological processes that produce good growth and production. Fertilization costs are relatively high, approximately 30% of the total production costs or 40-60% of the total maintenance costs. The costs required to carry out fertilization activities are very large so that proper fertilization planning is needed to be effective and efficient. In productive plants can be done effectively 4T fertilization techniques, namely the right type, right dose, right on target, and on time. Based on this, observations were made on the study of fertilizer costs on plantations. This research was conducted in Division F of Sei Kalam Gardens, PT. Asam Jawa, Labuhanbatu Selatan Regency, North Sumatra Province. The time for the research to begin in March 2019 until May 2019.

Problems of the quality of applicants on the market of the Russian Federation of animal feed and feed additives

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
S. M. Borunova ◽  
◽  
E. P. Agrinskaya ◽  
V. A. Gritsyuk ◽  
K. V. Patrusheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Registration ◽  
Voluntary Basis

This article discusses the topic of confirming the conformity of the quality of feed and feed additives coming into circulation at the Russian feed market. The idea is substantiated that technical regulation measures applied without fail to feed and feed additives are not sufficient to reduce the risk of a low-quality product entering circulation. It was found that the presence of registration of a feed additive is not a criterion for issuing a declaration of conformity and, accordingly, it is possible to draw up a declaration for an additive without its state registration. The article aims to draw the attention of manufacturers of feed and lump additives and their consumers to the issues of product quality and possible ways to solve this problem. Also, the manufacturer has the opportunity to confirm the conformity of the quality of the product on a voluntary basis. Based on the statistical analysis carried out, as well as the use of information on the number of registered and valid declarations for feed, feed additives registered in other EAEU member states, an analysis of data on the number of valid declarations registered in the Russian Federation in the Rosaccreditation register was formed.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Aggregate Heuristic Planning for Planning and Controlling the Amount of Production to Minimize Costs

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Riana Magdalena
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Automotive Manufacturing ◽  
Labor Control

PT.XYZ is one of the companies engaged in the automotive manufacturing industy, where it produces spare parts for cars, motorcycles and trucks. Along with marketing and producing the products, PT.XYZ continues to implement customer satisfaction and the quality of spare parts produced.  The company must anticipate the possibility of production capacity limitations; this must be done as well as possible at the minimum cost. For that, the aggregate heuristic planning is proposed for planning the establishment of a level for production capacity to meet the level of demand obtained from orders with the aim of minimizing total production costs. Aggregate Planning is a process of determining the level of overall production capacity to meet the level of demand obtained from forecasting and order with the aim of minimizing the total cost of production. In this study, three heuristic methods were tried, namely labor control method, subcontracting mixed method, and overtime mixed methods. Based on the results of the study it is known that the subcontracting mixed method is the best method with total aggregate cost of IDR 3,080,689,770, then the labor control method with a total of aggregate cost of IDR 3,080,798,198 and the overtime  mixed  method, with a total  aggregate cost of  IDR 3,081,815,315. 

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