scholarly journals The Study of Suicide and Attempted Suicide Epidemiology in Sirjan in 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohadeseh Balvardi ◽  
Zahra Imani-Goghary ◽  
Kamran Babaee ◽  
Zahra Izadabadi
Keyword(s):  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
One Year

Background: Prevalence of suicide and attempted suicide has increased due to social, economic, and cultural factors. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the suicide and attempted suicide epidemiology in Sirjan, Iran, in 2018. Methods: Following a cross-sectional design, suicide attempts and their related factors were investigated in the city of Sirjan in 2018. Data were collected by a researcher-developed checklist and were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (i.e., chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests) by SPSS. Results: A total of 768 people referred to Sirjan’s hospitals with a diagnosis of suicide attempt were investigated. One-year suicide attempts incidence for males and females was 120.6 (N = 391) and 116.3 (N = 377) per 100,000 people, respectively. The mean age of males and females was 26.0 ± 9.2 and 24.2 ± 8.1, respectively. Most cases were aged 20 - 29 and 10 - 19 years. The male-to-female ratio was higher in the 20 - 29 age group, but more females, most suicide cases were aged 10 - 19, and this difference was significant. Most of them were single, urbanite, educated up to high school diploma, or were school-goers. Self-poisoning (i.e. drug intoxication) was the most common method of suicide attempts. Suicides that led to death were 3.7 per 100000 people, higher rates were observed in men, younger age, single status, urbanite, and those with school diplomas. Hanging was the most common suicide method. Conclusions: Sirjan is one of the areas with high rates of suicide attempts; therefore, the findings of the present study can be regarded as a step forward in future studies to consider interventions intended to improve mental health, as well as to find useful solutions to prevent suicide occurrence.

scholarly journals The Association of Pornographic Media Exposure and Nutritional Status with Early Menarche

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Deswita Deswita ◽  
Randy Refnandes ◽  
Randy Refnandes ◽  
Mella Gustriyani Putri ◽  
Mella Gustriyani Putri
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Status Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Of Menarche

Introduction: The adolescent menarche period has shifted to a younger age because of several factors, including a girl’s nutritional status and exposure to pornographic media. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between pornographic media exposure and nutritional status with the age of menarche in girls in elementary school.Methods: This research used a descriptive cross-sectional design. 121 respondents were selected by proportional random sampling. Nutritional status data was collected by measuring body mass index, while the usage of media exposure and the age of menarche were both identified using questionnaires. All data was analysed using the chi-square test.Results: There was a significant relationship between the age of menarche with the exposure to mass media (p=0.000) and nutritional status (p=0.000).Conclusion: The age of menarche in adolescent girls is associated with nutritional status and media exposure.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pemakaian Alat Ortodontik Cekat dengan Status Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut Siswa SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon

e-GIGI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulan K. D. Rambitan ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
One Year ◽  
Orthodontic Devices ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Fixed orthodontic devices are the most commonly used orthodontic appliances in the community especially adolescent because they have become an important part of lifestyle. Albeit, users of fixed orthodontic appliances do not realize that fixed orthodontic appliances could become a risk factor for poor dental and oral hygiene. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between the use of fixed orthodontic devices and the dental and oral hygiene status of students at SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon (senior high school). This was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were 43 students who used fixed orthodontics appliances obtained by using total sampling method. The results showed that most subjects used fixed orthodontic appliance for less than one year (58.1%). Moreover, the dental and oral hygiene status of most subjects were in the moderate category. The Chi-square showed a p-value of 0,060 for the relationship between the use of fixed orthodontic devices and the dental and oral hygiene status. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the duration of use of fixed orthodontic devices and the dental and oral hygiene status of students at SMA Kristen 1 TomohonKeywords: fixed orthodontic appliances, oral hygiene, adolescents Abstrak: Alat ortodontik cekat merupakan peralatan ortodontik yang paling sering dipakai oleh masyarakat khususnya remaja karena sudah menjadi bagian dari gaya hidup. Namun pemakai alat ortodontik cekat tidak menyadari bahwa alat ortodontik cekat merupakan faktor risiko terganggunya kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut siswa SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian yaitu 43 siswa yang memakai alat ortodontik cekat yang diperoleh dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat terbanyak yaitu di bawah satu tahun (58,1%) dan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut berada dalam kategori sedang. Hasil uji Chi-square terhadap hubungan antara pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut subyek penelitian mendapatkan nilai p=0,060. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara lama pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut siswa SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon.Kata kunci: alat ortodontik cekat, kebersihan gigi dan mulut, remaja

scholarly journals Assessment of Kenyan Optometrists Knowledge, Skills and Practice on Cataract, Kisumu County, Western Kenya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadrack Muma ◽  
Stephen Obonyo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Primary Health Care Providers ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
One Year ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Cataract Patients

Abstract BackgroundCataract is a major contributor to avoidable blindness in the world. It is the clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye characterized by reduced vision, increasing difficulty with vision at night and sensitivity to light and glare. The risk factors of cataract include increased age, smoking and excess exposure to sunlight. Though studies have focused on the causes and treatment of cataract, there is no data on optometrist knowledge, skill and practice on cataract in Kenya. The optometrists are the primary health care providers for cataract patients, they are well placed to assess, provide advice and refer cataract patients to the ophthalmologists.Methods: a cross sectional design was used. Stratified random sampling was used to select sample. Fisher’s formula was used.ResultsA total of 49 optometrists were interviewed over a period of four months, the male to female ratio was 2:1, mean age of 45.8(72%) years, age ranged from 25-39 years with mean duration of practice of one year and maximum of 10 years. One hundred percent optometrists had good knowledge and understanding of importance of slit lamp assessment in making cataract diagnosis. However, our results found that (83.6%) of optometrists used pen torch for assessment of lens changes in patients. On skills, optometrists were classified as having poor skills with thirty nine (79.6%) being unable to diagnose. 61.2% of optometrists did not screen patients aged 40 years and above who attended eye clinics for cataract. The most common challenges reported for not screening was long queues. The study further established that the optometrists had various reasons to refer patients to another hospital including 52.6% for availability of ophthalmologists and 39.5% of optometrists for availability of equipment.ConclusionThe study established that despite the good level of knowledge among the optometrist on cataract, there exist gaps in skills in categorizing the type of cataract. Most optometrists do not screen patients aged 40 years and above for cataract. Hence there is need to sensitize optometrists on the significance of screening for cataract to prevent blindness due to cataract.

Determine of the Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Related Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Derya TANRIVERDI ◽  
Sibel ÖZTÜRK
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Aim: Premenstrual syndrome is the periodic recurrence of a group of psychological, behavioral and physical symptoms related to the menstrual cycle. These symptoms arise especially in the middle of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and disappear when menstruation starts. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in women in reproductive age between 15 and 49 years old, and to investigate the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and sociodemographic variables. Method: A cross-sectional design was employed. The study was carried out on 500 women. The face to face interview, sociodemographic data form and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale were applied to the women for data collection. As for data analysis, percentage tests, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were utilized. Results: PMS prevalence of women included in this study was found to be 47%. Premenstrual syndrome symptoms in order of severity are pain, bloating, fatigue, change in appetite, irritability, and anxiety. It was found that being in the age group between 15-46, being single, smoking, having dysmenorrhea, and familial premenstrual syndrome history have direct effect on PMS. Conclusion: It was observed that the prevalence of PMS in women is quite high. Greater importance should be attached to the issue and necessary precautions should be taken for risk groups in order to decrease PMS prevalence and improve women’s quality of life.

scholarly journals Morbidity Occurs to a Fifth of Referred Post Partum Hemorrhage Cases

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Rahardja
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Partum Hemorrhage ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objective: To assess maternal morbidity (five scoring system) and mortality of referred post partum hemorrhage (PPH) in Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital period 2008-2010 and to identify its related factors. Method: Retrospective study with cross sectional design for referred obstetric cases in RSCM period 2008-2010. Analysis of relation was conducted to these data using Chi-square or Fisher test with SPSS 17.0. Result: There were 10,752 referred obstetrics cases in RSCM from 2008-2010, the three most common cases were severe preeclampsia, premature rupture of membrane, and preterm labour. The rate of referred cases of PPH in RSCM from 2008-2010 was 2%. There were 44 cases (20.5%) suffering morbidity (five scoring system) and 3 cases ending in mortality (1.4%) from all PPH referral cases. Mortality to morbidity rate for referred PPH cases in RSCM was 6.81% (3/44) with case/fatality ratio 14.7: 1. Variables that related to morbidity were age and referral factors (midwife). There were no relation between parity, education background, pay of services, occupation, type and etiology of PPH with morbidity due to PPH. Mortality assesment for 3 PPH referred cases would be descriptive. Conclusion: The proportion of referred PPH cases in RSCM 2008-2010 was 2%, of which 20.5% classified as morbid and 1.4% was classified as mortal cases. Variables related significantly to morbidity were age and referral factors. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 37-1: 3-7] Keywords: five scoring system, maternal morbidity, maternal mortality, referred cases of PPH

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPUASAN PESERTA BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN SOSIAL (BPJS) TERHADAP PELAYANAN PROGRAM BPJS KESEHATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 603-608
Author(s):  
Fajar Ardianing Gofur ◽  
Cucu Herawati
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Service Satisfaction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Report Result ◽  
Government Clinic ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Berdasarkan  hasil  laporan  Indeks  Kepuasan  Msyarakat  (IKM)  tahun  2013  di UPTD Puskesmas Astanagarib Kota Cirebon, dilaporkan bahwa Puskesmas Astanagarib berada di peringkat 4 terbawah dengan persentase tingkat kepuasan secara keseluruhan 73,54% dengan jumlah peserta Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial  (BPJS)  selama  5  bulan  terakhir  sebanyak  2.577  peserta  dari  5.983 penduduk, rendahnya persentase dalam IKM dan jumlah peserta BPJS tersebut dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor seperti kemudahan dalam prosedur pelayanan, informasi, ketepatan waktu pelayanan, kehandalan, kecepatan dalam pelayanan, kenyamanan lingkungan, serta kesopanan dan keramahan. Tujuan penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk  mengetahui  hubungan  antara  faktor-fakto yang berhubungan dengan  kepuasan  peserta  Badan  Penyelenggara  Jaminan  Sosial (BPJS) terhadap pelayanan program Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan di UPTD Puskesmas Astanagarib Kota Cirebon tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain studi Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta BPJS di Kelurahan Pekalipan (wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Astanagarib) Kota Cirebon tahun 2014 sebanyak 2.577 peserta. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 97 peserta yang diambil secara Accidental Sampling.  Data  dianalisis  secara  statistik  menggunakan  uji  Chi  Square  pada tingkat kemaknaan 5% (0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara ketepatan waktu dengan kepuasan pelayanan program BPJS Kesehatan (p = 0,00), ada hubungan yang bermakna antara informasi dengan kepuasan pelayanan program BPJS Kesehatan (p = 0,00), ada hubungan  yang bermakna antara kompetensi teknis dengan dengan kepuasan pelayanan program BPJS Kesehatan (p = 0,00) dan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara hubungan antar manusia dengan dengan kepuasan pelayanan program BPJS Kesehatan (p = 0,39).Kata Kunci : Tingkat Kepuasan, peserta BPJS ABSTRACTBased on report result of Indeks Kepuasan Masyarakat (IKM) 2013 in UPTD local government clinic of Astanagrip Cirebon, reviewed that Astanagrip local government clinic was in bottom 4 through overall of satisfaction percentage is 73,54% with participants of Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) as long as 5 months are 2.577 of 5.983 inhabitants, the low of percentage on IKM and the number of BPJS participants is influenced on kind of factors like easy of service procedure, information, punctuality of service, professionalism, speed, comfortable, polite behavior and friendly. Aim of this research is to know the relation of that related factors with Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) participants   satisfaction              on   Badan   Penyelenggara   Jaminan   Sosial   (BPJS) Kesehatan program service in UPTD local government clinic of Astanagrip Cirebon 2014. Analytical Descriptive research with Cross Sectional design. Population in this research is all of district Pekalipan (UPTD local government clinic work area) Cirebon BPJS participants 2014 are 2.577 participants. The writer has taken 97 participants by Accidental Sampling for the sample of research. The data was analyzed by statistical accounting used Chi Square test on sense level 5% (0, 05). Result of this research shows that there was a means relation between punctuality of service with BPJS Kesehatan program service satisfaction (p = 0,00), information  with  BPJS  Kesehatan  program  service  satisfaction  (p  =  0,00), technical competence with BPJS Kesehatan program service satisfaction (p = 0,00), and there wasn’t a means relation between people relation with BPJS Kesehatan program service satisfaction (p = 0,39).Key Words  : Level of Satisfaction, participants BPJS

scholarly journals Effect of Caffeine on Contrast Sensitivity among Young Adults of Abia State University

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Anyatonwu Princewill Obinna ◽  
Chikezie Grand Ihesiulor ◽  
Ubani Ahanna Udo
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
State University ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance. Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in the world. Several experts suggest that moderate use of caffeine (300 mg or equivalent to 3 cups or less to regular size cups of coffee per day) is safe and so not likely to cause health issues. Intake of caffeine has been suggested to affect the visual system. This study examined the effect of consumption of caffeine on contrast sensitivity of the eye among young adults of Abia State University students within the age range of 17-30 yrs. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design and was carried out within the confinement of Abia State University Eye Clinic. A total of 100 young adults consisting of an equal number of males and females were measured using the Rabin’s contrast sensitivity at baseline, 30 mins until 120 mins. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Chi-square statistical analysis was used to analyze statistically the research hypotheses at 95% level of significance. Results: The findings of this study reveal that mean contrast sensitivity values for 16 to less than 20 years old were 1.70 at baseline and increased to 1.79, 1.89, 1.93 except at 120 minutes post-ingestion of caffeine. In males and females, contrast sensitivity increased by 1.57%, 3.7%, 5.3% and 10.7%, 20.7% 23.3% respectively. At 95% confidence level, caffeine ingestion had a significant effect on contrast sensitivity for both males (4.79) and females (5.8). Conclusion: This study depicts that the ingestion of caffeine affects or increases contrast sensitivity in both males and females although this effect is short-lived.

Attitudes of Nursing Students towards Suicide Prevention: A Study from Central India

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Ghormode ◽  
Pramod Gupta ◽  
Devendra Ratnani ◽  
S. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Central India ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Favourable Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Suicide Prevention Training ◽  
Training Programmes

Background: Managing patients with suicide attempts effectively requires overcoming barriers to their care. The attitudes and beliefs of the healthcare professionals have significant effect on the outcome of the treatment and implementation of the preventive strategies. Objectives: Aim of the study was to assess the attitude of nursing students toward suicide prevention. Materials and Methods: The study had a cross sectional design of 284 nursing students who were randomly recruited from the two institutions. Attitude toward suicide prevention scale was administered.  Results: Most were young single females, from rural locality, who were pursuing either BSc Nursing or GNM courses. Very few had previous exposure to suicide prevention training programmes. Nearly half of the students showed favourable attitude towards patients with suicidal attempt, considering it as their responsibility and their efforts as rewarding. Nearly half students also showed empathy towards these patients not considering the attempts as just attention seeking ones. Nearly one third were uncertain whether the patients reveal their plans of attempt and whether the suicide prevention measures were draining of the resources. Half of the subjects showed pessimism towards modifying the risk factors of unemployment and poverty. Conclusions: Only half of the nursing students showed favourable attitude working with patients with suicide attempts. More educational and training programs on suicide prevention are therefore needed in these students for better prevention and management of these patients.

scholarly journals Patients and relatives as auditors of safe practices in oncology and hematology day hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Rodrigo Rincón ◽  
Isabel Irigoyen Aristorena ◽  
Belén Tirapu León ◽  
Nicolás Zaballos Barcala ◽  
Maite Sarobe Carricas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Day Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Safe Practices

Abstract Background When there is a gap in professionals’ adherence to safe practices during cancer treatment, the consequences can be serious. Identifying these gaps in order to enable improvements in patient safety can be a challenge. This study aimed to assess if cancer patients and their relatives can be given the skills to audit reliably four safe practices, and to explore whether they are willing to play this new role. Methods We recruited 136 participants in 2018, from the oncology and haematology day hospital of a tertiary hospital in Spain. Patient identification, hand hygiene, blood or chemotherapy identification, and side effects related to transfusion and chemotherapy, were the safe practices selected for evaluation. The study comprised two parts: an interventional educational program and a cross-sectional design to collect data and assess to what degree participants are able and willing to be auditors depending on their characteristics using multivariate logistic regression models. A participant’s auditing skill were assessed pre and post the educational intervention. Results The model was seeking predictors of being a good auditor. 63 participants (46.3%) were classified as good auditors after the training. To have younger age, higher educational level and to have had an experience of an adverse event were associated with a higher probability of being a good auditor. Additionally, 106 (77.9%) participants said that they would like to audit anonymously the professionals’ compliance of at least three of four safe practices. The willingness to audit safe practices differed depending on the safe practice but these differences did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions The data gathered by patients and relatives acting as auditors can provide healthcare organizations with valuable information about safety and quality of care that is not accessible otherwise. This new role provides an innovative way to engage patients and their families’ in healthcare safety where other methods have not had success. The paper sets out the methods that healthcare organizations need to undertake to enrol and train patients and relatives in an auditor role.

Psychological, Structural, Social and Economic Determinants of Suicide Attempt: Risk Assessment and Decision Making Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110034
Author(s):  
Azam Farmani ◽  
Mojtaba Rahimianbougar ◽  
Yousef Mohammadi ◽  
Hossein Faramarzi ◽  
Siamak Khodarahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
High Level ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

The aim of this research was to conduct a risk assessment and management of psychological, structural, social and economic determinants (PSSED) in a suicide attempt. The sample consisted of 353 individuals who had a recorded history of suicidal attempt; and 20 professional individuals by purposive sampling method within a descriptive cross-sectional design. Worksheets for RAM and AHP were used for data collection in this study. The rate of suicide attempt was 7.21 per 100,000 population in this study. Analysis showed that depression and mental disorders; personality disorders; family problems; socio-cultural and economic problems; lack of awareness; and low level of education have a high level of risk for suicide attempts. Psychiatric and psychological services; awareness and knowledge of life skills; medical services to dysfunctional families; development of community-based planning for PSSED of suicide; and employment and entrepreneurship services may lower suicide attempt risk.

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