scholarly journals Height Prediction Based on the Lengths of Ulna and Tibia in an Iranian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Mokhtari ◽  
Mahmoud Hajiahmadi ◽  
Haleh Esmaili ◽  
Reza Ghadimi
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Height Prediction ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Formula

Background: Height is an important factor for medical, nutrition, and forensic sciences; nevertheless, measuring proves to be a challenging task in some cases. In this respect, an alternative immediate, accurate, and possible anthropometric evaluation is needed. Objectives: This study was set to find a proper formula to estimate height from the lengths of the ulna and tibia in Iranian adults. Methods: A total of 500 healthy males and females aged 20-40 years were randomly selected from the volunteers’ pool for this cross-sectional study. Ulna and tibia lengths and standing heights were measured according to standard protocols. Ulna and tibia lengths were applied to find a reliable equation to predict stature accurately. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS version 17 using regression, curve estimation, and linear model. Results: The mean (SD) heights of male and female participants were 176.45 (11.98) cm and 161.29 (10.11) cm, respectively, while the right and left ulna and the right and left tibia were 29.05 (1.63) cm, 29.03 (1.44) cm, 38.86 (1.33) cm, and 38.88 (1.25) cm, respectively. The correlation coefficients of r = 0.80 and r = 0.69 for males and females participants’ right ulna, respectively, showed a significant correlation with height. Hence, the new formula provided reliable results for stature estimation for northern Iran subgroups. Conclusions: Equations based based on right ulna length are more reliable and accurate for height prediction in both genders. It should be considered that these equations could be different among ethnically diverse populations, even in the northern Iranian population.

scholarly journals Needs Assessment of Family With Neonates Hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Razzaghi ◽  
Yadollah Zahed Pasha ◽  
Karimollah hajian-Tilaki ◽  
Sousan valizadeh ◽  
Afsaneh Arzani
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The neonate’s birth and subsequent hospitalization cause families to experience various needs. Assessing the family needs can lead identify the real needs of parents, provide qualitative services and implement family-centered care by nurses. The aim of this study was to assess the needs of families with neonates hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 parents of neonates admitted to NICU in northern Iran in 2018- 2019. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire of parents and neonates and NICU Family Needs Inventory (NFNI) of Ward with 5 dimensions of proximity, assurance, information, comfort and support. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: The most important dimensions of family needs, proximity to infant (93.59%), information (90.53%), assurance (89.18%), comfort (86.70%) and support (80.78%).Comparison indicated that the dimensions of need including assurance of multiparous parents (P<0.001) and comfort in parents with term infants (P<0.02) were significantly more than the rest. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the most important dimension of family needs is proximity to infants. Therefore, it is recommended that the relevant authorities should take effective measures to provide parent-infant proximity.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Demirjian and Cameriere Methods in Estimating Age and Development of a Modified Cameriere Method

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeeme Namadchian ◽  
Soraya Khafri ◽  
Sedigheh Sheikhzadeh ◽  
Maryam Ghasempour ◽  
Ehsan Moudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Very High

Background: In recent years, age estimation in forensic medicine has become so important. Teeth are used to estimate age as valuable indicators. Objectives: This study aimed to compare Cameriere and Demirjian methods in estimating chronological age (Age) in an Iranian population and to develop a modified Cameriere method. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated a total of 486 panoramic radiographs of individuals aged 5 - 15 years adopted from two craniofacial radiology centers in Babol, northern Iran, in 2019. The dental age of subjects was assessed by Demirjian (DAge) and Cameriere (CAge) methods and compared with their chronological age. Also, a formula was designed based on the Cameriere method for our studied population, and the results of the original and modified Cameriere (MCAge) methods were compared. Results: The mean ± SD of Age (10.38 ± 2.30) had a significant difference with DAge (10.67 ± 2.33) and CAge (9.77 ± 2.01) (P < 0.001). The modified Cameriere formula was more accurate than Cameriere one, and MCAge was 10.38 ± 2.12, indicating no significant difference with Age (P = 0.993). Conclusions: According to our results, both Demirjian and Cameriere methods were not reliable for age estimation in the Iranian population. However, the modified Cameriere formula had a very high accuracy in estimating the age of the studied population.

Health Status of Senior Citizens: A Cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Beniwal ◽  
Chandrakala Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Average Health

Aging is a series of processes that begin with life and continue throughout the lifecycle. It represents the closing period in the lifespan, a time when the individual looks back on life, lives on past accomplishments and begins to finish off his life course. It represents the accumulation of changes in person over time. The study aims to investigate the health status of senior citizens. The present study was carried out in Hisar and Sirsa district of Haryana state. A total of 400 elderly equally representing both males and females of age group 65-70 years were selected randomly for the study. Modified inventory developed by Khan and Lal (2011) was used to assess health status of senior citizens. The results of the study elucidated that health status of senior citizens depicted that 54.25 per cent of the total respondents had average health status followed by good (25.25%) and poor health status (20.50%). The most common health problems reported by the senior citizens were joint pains, back pains, blood pressure, and chest pain etc. Gender wise comparison of total sample further pointed out that females were poor in their health against males.

Distribution and Characteristics of Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy in TB/HIV Co-Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Abtin Doroudinia ◽  
Moghadaseh Shams ◽  
Niloufar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hilar Adenopathy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Abnormalities

Background: Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy (ITLN) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients may have various etiologies and prognoses. Etiologies of ITLN can be distinguished based on the distribution of enlarged lymph nodes. Sometimes tuberculosis (TB) is the first sign of underlying HIV infection. Objective: We sought to determine ITLN distribution and associated pulmonary findings in TB/HIV co-infection using Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, chest CT scans of 52 patients with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed for enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (>10 mm in short axis diameter), lymphadenopathy (LAP) distribution, calcification, conglomeration, the presence of hypodense center and associated pulmonary abnormalities. LAP distribution was compared in TB/HIV co-infection with isolated TB infection. Results: Mediastinal and/or hilar LAP were seen in 53.8% of TB/HIV co-infection patients. In all cases, LAP was multinational. The most frequent stations were right lower paratracheal and subcarinal stations. Lymph node conglomeration, hypodense center and calcification were noted in 25%, 21.4% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. LAP distribution was the same as that in patients with isolated TB infection except for the right hilar, right upper paratracheal and prevascular stations. All patients with mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Conclusion: All patients with TB/HIV co-infection and mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Superior mediastinal lymph nodes were less commonly affected in TB/HIV co-infection than isolated TB.

scholarly journals A Questionnaire-Based Survey to Assess the Level of Knowledge and Awareness about Drug–Food Interactions among General Public in Western Saudi Arabia

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Syed Faisal Zaidi ◽  
Rayan Mgarry ◽  
Abdullah Alsanea ◽  
Sakar Khalid Almutairi ◽  
Yaser Alsinnari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Males And Females

Introduction: Various drug–food interactions exist that may hinder treatment and can sometimes be lethal. Our aim was to assess the level of public knowledge and awareness in Jeddah city, Western Saudi Arabia, about drug–food interactions, along with the effects of demographics on their knowledge. Methods: A survey questionnaire was administered in this cross-sectional study to participants spread across multiple locations in Jeddah, including in malls and public gatherings. Participants included both males and females. Sample size was calculated through Raosoft® software. Data analysis was executed using IBM Statistic SPSS and the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 410 people participated in the study and only 92.68% (380) of responses were enrolled in the study; 7.32% (30) were not enrolled due to the exclusion criteria. Surprisingly, only six out of eighteen questions regarding drug–food interactions in the administered questionnaire were correctly answered by 380 participants. Data indicated that the participants had a poor to intermediate level of both knowledge and awareness with respect to drug–food interactions. Furthermore, participants showed moderate to strong awareness of the effects of alcohol and tea generally, and their interaction with medication. Conclusion: Participants in our study showed inadequate knowledge of basic and fundamental information about drug–food interactions, which highlights the dire need to increase awareness.

Disaster Risk Assessment Among Iranian Exceptional Schools

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Samaneh Miresmaeeli ◽  
Nafiseh Esmaeili ◽  
Sepideh Sadeghi Ashlaghi ◽  
Zahra Abbasi Dolatabadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Disaster Risk Assessment ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Exceptional children, like other children, have the right to be educated in a safe environment. Disasters are considered as serious issues regarding safety and security of educational environments. Following disasters, vulnerable groups, especially children with handicaps and disabilities are more likely to be seriously injured. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the safety and disaster risk assessment of exceptional schools in Tehran, Iran. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in exceptional schools in Tehran, 2018. First, 55 exceptional schools in all grades were selected based on census sampling method and evaluated by using a checklist designed by Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) and Ministry of Education in 2015. The data were analyzed using Excel software and statistical descriptive tests. Result: Based on the results, school facilities are worn and have unsafe elevators (least safety: 7.69%), yards (least safety: 9.52%), laboratories (least safety: 16.67%), libraries (least safety: 24.24%), fire extinguishing systems (least safety: 28.99%), and storage rooms and kitchens (least safety: 33.33%) which require immediate considerations. In total, the safety of exceptional schools in this study was 70.13%, which suggests medium-risk level. Conclusion: The educational settings must be reconsidered, along with identifying the risk and safety at school. In addition, a standard should be established for evaluating safety, especially in exceptional schools.

scholarly journals Waist circumference and waist circumference to height ratios of Kaingáng indigenous adolescents from the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 2053-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Gontijo de Castro ◽  
Laura A. Barufaldi ◽  
Michael Maia Schlüssel ◽  
Wolney Lisboa Conde ◽  
Maurício Soares Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents

The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of waist circumference (WC) and WC to height (WCTH) values among Kaingáng indigenous adolescents in order to estimate the prevalence of high WCTH values and evaluate the correlation between WC and WCTH and body mass index (BMI)-for-age. A total of 1,803 indigenous adolescents were evaluated using a school-based cross-sectional study. WCTH values > 0.5 were considered high. Higher mean WC and WCTH values were observed for girls in all age categories. WCTH values > 0.5 were observed in 25.68% of the overall sample of adolescents. Mean WC and WCTH values were significantly higher for adolescents with BMI/age z-scores > 2 than for those with normal z-scores. The correlation coefficients of WC and WCTH for BMI/age were r = 0.68 and 0.76, respectively, for boys, and r = 0.79 and 0.80, respectively, for girls. This study highlights elevated mean WC and WCTH values and high prevalence of abdominal obesity among Kaingáng indigenous adolescents.

scholarly journals Occlusal Characteristics and Spacing in Primary Dentition: A Gender Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhuri Vegesna ◽  
R. Chandrasekhar ◽  
Vinay Chandrappa
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Males And Females

Context. Occlusion in primary teeth varies among children of different populations and races. Aim. To assess and compare the occlusal characteristics and spacing in primary dentition among 3–6-year-old Dravidian children. Materials and Methods. The study included 2281 school going children. The primary molar relation, canine relation, overjet, and overbite were assessed using Foster and Hamilton criteria. Spacing conditions were registered according to Kisling and Krebs criteria. Results. The flush terminal plane molar relation (80.3%) was the most common primary molar relation. The distal step molar relation was more frequently found in female children (12.8%) than in males (8.6%). Class 1 canine relation was the most prevalent canine relation (81.3%) among males and females. Ideal overjet (84.3%) and overbite (72.7%) were observed among the majority of the children. Spaced type of arches occurred more frequently than closed arches in this sample. The incidence of primate spaces was more in males than in females. Conclusion. The study population has fewer deviations from normal occlusion which indicates decreased tendency for malocclusion in permanent dentition. However, further longitudinal studies are necessary to identify the potential limitations of a clinical approach relying on early orthodontic diagnosis and intervention.

Demonstration of the relationship between MSD and online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kochu Therisa Karingada ◽  
Michael Sony
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic lockdown has caught many educational institutions by surprise and warranted an abrupt migration from offline to online learning. This has resulted in an education change, without any time for due consideration, as regards its impact on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) on students. The purpose of this study is to investigate MSD related to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate students in India. In total, 261 students participated in this online survey.FindingsThe study finds that around 80% of students have reported some symptom in the head, neck and eyes since they started online learning. In total, 58% have reported MSD symptom in the right shoulder and 56% in the right hand fingers. Besides, more than 40 % of students experienced some MSD symptoms, in almost all the body parts studied, due to online learning. Correlation analysis is conducted between time spent on online learning per day and MSD symptoms.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted on MSD and online learning during COVID-19 pandemic.

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