scholarly journals Challenges of Oral Radiography Prescriptions During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Shiraz, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahvash Hasani ◽  
Nasim Razavi ◽  
Sonia Dokohaki
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Considering the severity of the COVID-19 outbreak and its rapid person-to-person transmission and the challenges it has brought about in dentistry, especially in intraoral radiography, following the established guidelines in prescribing radiographs is of great prominence. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the necessity of prescribed intraoral radiographs and to estimate the number of unnecessary prescriptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 patients with a mean age of 29.36 ± 14.11 years who visited the Radiology Department of Shiraz Dental School during the peak of the COVID-19 outbreak. Information, including gender, age, systemic diseases, referring department, and type and urgency of radiography, was collected using a checklist. Chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were run to assess the relationships between variables. Results: Among all the patients referred to the Radiology Department, the endodontics and oral medicine departments accounted for the highest percentage of referrals. The relationship between the necessity of radiography prescriptions and dental departments was significant (P < 0.05). The lowest rate of unnecessary referrals was reported in the Department of Endodontics (13.3%), whereas the highest rate of unnecessary referrals was attributed to the aesthetic and restorative dentistry departments (73.3%). There was a significant association between dental department and the type of prescribed radiographs (extraoral/intraoral). The Orthodontics Department was the only department with more extraoral radiograph prescriptions than intraoral radiographs. One-third of the prescribed intraoral radiographs and half of the extraoral radiographs were unnecessary, with a significant difference during the pandemic (P = 0.019). Conclusions: Although there has been some success in the development of COVID-19 vaccines, this pandemic will not be easily eradicated. Therefore, it is crucial to follow the established guidelines and postpone unnecessary dental procedures to improve the safety of our community and the world in general.

scholarly journals Evidence for the Continued Occurrence of Chorioretinopathy in Working Sheep Dogs in New Zealand in 2010

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2229
Author(s):  
Adam B. O’Connell ◽  
A. Craig Irving ◽  
Paul L. Hughes ◽  
Naomi Cogger ◽  
Boyd R. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
South West ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Relationship

A study in conducted 1987 by Hughes et al., found that 39% of working sheep dogs had multifocal retinitis. One of the identified causes was ocular larval migrans, which were a result of migrating ascarid larvae. Since that paper was published, anthelmintic use in farm dogs has been highly recommended. There has been no follow-up study to determine if fundic lesions are still present. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chorioretinopathy in working sheep dogs in the South-West, Waikato, New Zealand. This was a cross-sectional study of 184 working sheep dogs and 51 owners, undertaken in 2010 with owners sampled from New Zealand’s South-West Waikato and Tux North Island Dog Trial Championship. Two-way tables were used to explore the relationship between variables. Significance of association was assessed using a Chi-squared or Fisher exact test as appropriate, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Overall prevalence of chorioretinopathy in the working sheep dogs was 44/184 (24%). A significantly higher prevalence of chorioretinopathy was shown in dogs with increasing age, from 2 years to >8 years (p = 0.0007) and in males (p < 0.0001). This study concluded that lesions of chorioretinopathy are still present in working sheep dogs in New Zealand.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between COVID-19-induced Death and Chronic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Hasan Alinejad ◽  
◽  
Reza Vazirinejad ◽  
Ahmadreza Sayadi ◽  
Zeinab Hajaliakbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Morbidity and mortality due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are mainly related to age and comorbidity diseases (hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, malignancies, etc.). These conditions are associated with poorer clinical outcomes and sometimes lead to long-term hospitalization. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between COVID-19-induced mortality and various chronic diseases in patients admitted to Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City, Iran, in 2020. Methods: In this retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, patients with COVID-19 referring to Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City, Iran, from March 2020 to September 2020 were assessed. The required data were collected using patients’ records and telephone calls by a researcher-made checklist and analyzed by Independent Samples t-test, Chi-squared test, Fisher’s Exact test, Kaplan-Meier plots, and multivariate regression analysis in SPSS v. 20. Results: This study assessed 238 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The risk of death was significantly higher in patients aged over 75 years; they were 5.5 times more prone to expire, compared to the youngest age group (P<0.001). Chronic diseases, such as hypertension, heart disease, lung disease, and various cancers were more prevalent in patients who expired, compared to those who survived (P≤0.05). Of the patients who died, 73.8% were transferred to the Intensive U (ICU), while only 7.5% of surviving patients were transferred to the ICU (P<0.001). Longer hospitalization was associated with an increased risk of death among patients with underlying diseases and hypertension (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study identified the role of chronic diseases and other important indicators in the survival of patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to a hospital in Rafsanjan. It is recommended that nurses and healthcare staff consider these findings in the care of patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals ENDOCARDITIS PROPHYLAXIS IN DENTAL PRACTICE: EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE AMONG DENTISTS, AND CARDIOLOGISTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 739-745
Author(s):  
Abdoul Hafizou Rabe ◽  
◽  
Latifa Benrachadi ◽  
Bassima Chami ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Endocarditis Prophylaxis ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare condition that is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Almost 100 years ago, the links between endocarditis and procedures, particularly dental procedures, were postulated. Over 50 years ago the first guidelines recommending antibiotic prophylaxis (AP), with the aim of preventing IE from developing after dental procedures, were proposed. Objective: This study aimed to assess the degree of knowledge about endocarditis prophylaxis (EP) among cardiologists, and dentists, and to identify the areas of knowledge that require attention Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 43 cardiologists and 87 dentists in the city of Rabat. Respondents completed a questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge of EP after signing their informed consent. Data were examined through analysis of variance using the chi-squared test (X²) and Fishers exact test to test the significance of the differences between proportions. Findings: 53.5% of cardiologists report following the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) against 62.1% of dentists refer to the French Agency for Health Product Safety (FAHPS), 27.9% of cardiologists are aware of cardiac conditions with a high risk of IE compared to 75.9% of dentists. 2.3% of cardiologists are aware of invasive oral procedures against 54% for dentists. 69% of cardiologists and 70% of dentists have a correct antibiotic prophylaxis prescription regime. 4.7% of cardiologists and 24.1% of dentists know the meaning of spontaneous bacteremia. Conclusion : Both groups had inadequate knowledge of dental procedures. Dentists showed a greater knowledge of heart disease requiring prophylaxis in dental practice. It is thus necessary to reinforce EP knowledge in undergraduate and postgraduate programs and to encourage dentists and cardiologists to keep up-to-date on this issue.

The Relationship of Mode and Intensity of Training on Resting Metabolic Rate in Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Byrne ◽  
Jack H. Wilmore
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aerobically Trained

The present cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the relationship between exercise training and resting metabolic rate (RMR). The focus of this investigation was to compare RMR in aerobically trained (AT), resistance trained (RT), and untrained (UNT) women. Subjects were also classified as highly trained (HT), moderately trained (MT), or untrained (UNT) in order to examine the relationship between RMR and level of training. Sixty-one women between the ages of 18 and 46 years volunteered to serve as subjects in this study. Each subject completed measurements of body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max), and two consecutive measurements of RMR. The data presented show that there was no significant difference in resting metabolic rate between resistance-trained, aerobically trained, and control subjects. However, when grouped by intensity of training, there was a trend for an increased resting metabolic rate (kcal/day) in the highly trained subjects, regardless of mode of training.

Perforator-Based Flap Reconstruction after Melanoma Resection: Evaluation of Oncological, Aesthetic, and Functional Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beniamino Brunetti ◽  
Rosa Salzillo ◽  
Stefania Tenna ◽  
Bruno Brunetti ◽  
Mario Alessandri Bonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Locoregional Recurrence ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Evidence in literature about the best reconstructive approach after melanoma resection is controversial, with some authors advocating that tissue rearrangement flap techniques might hinder the early detection of local relapses. The aim of the present study is to evaluate oncological, aesthetic, and functional outcomes following melanoma reconstruction using pedicled perforator-based flaps. Methods The authors reviewed all patients affected by melanoma treated during a 6-year period. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, and operative variables were evaluated. Locoregional recurrence was assessed with clinical and radiological follow-up. One-year postoperatively patients rated on a 5-point Likert scale the aesthetic and functional outcomes of the procedure. Three blind observers examined preoperative and 1-year postoperative photographs and rated the aesthetic outcome of the reconstructive procedure. Results One-hundred sixty-five patients were treated with wide excision and delayed reconstruction, including pedicled perforator-based flaps in 70 patients (group A) and primary closure in 95 patients (group B). Mean Breslow thickness was 2.972 and 2.189 mm in group A and B, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in locoregional recurrence (chi-squared test, p = 0.8333; Fisher's exact test, p > 0.9999) between the two groups. Group A reported a higher satisfaction with both the aesthetic (mean rating 4.390 in group A and 4.094 in group B) and functional (mean rating 4.732 in group A and 4.170 in group B) outcomes of the procedure, the latter being statistically significant (p = 0.0006). Conclusion This series suggests that pedicled perforator-based flaps provide optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes in melanoma reconstruction without impairing the locoregional control of the disease.

The influence of varying maxillary central incisor vertical dimension on perceived smile aesthetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Elis Janaina Lira dos Santos ◽  
Alana Moura Xavier Dantas ◽  
Raíssa Marçal Vilela ◽  
Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de Lima ◽  
Rejane Targino Soares Beltrão
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate patient perception of the smile focused on analysis of the upper incisors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Participants: The sample consisted of 135 individuals (73 women and 62 men). Methods: Images with different characteristics associated with the incisal edges were shown at random and analysed using a Likert scale. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). Results: Smile I (difference of 1.5 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) was considered the most aesthetic, while Smile III (no difference in height between the central and lateral incisors) was the least aesthetic. A significant difference was found between perception of smile II (difference of 1 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) and age groups ( P < 0.005), with 31% (n = 13) of individuals aged 45–64 years considering smile II as not pleasant, 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years and 8.3% (n=4) aged 25–44 years and 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years considering the same. A significant difference was also found in relation to educational background of the assessor and smile perception, with smile III ( P = 0.0441) and smile IV ( P = 0.0053) considered the most aesthetic ( P = 0.0116). Conclusion: The smile considered most attractive among the sample was that with 1.5 mm steepness between the central and lateral incisors, while a flat smile arc was considered least attractive.

scholarly journals Phosphatase Regenerating Liver3 and ECadherin Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2017 ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Risma Maharani ◽  
Syahrul Rauf ◽  
Rina Masadah
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Cadherin

Objective: To determine the expression of Phosphatase Regenerating Liver-3 (PRL-3) and E-Cadherin in the epithelial ovarian cancer on various stages and differentiation grades. Method: This was a cross-sectional study design conducted at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of several teaching hospitals, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hasanuddin from January to June 2015. The expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin was assessed immunohistochemically in 40 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer including 15 patients in early stage and 25 patients in advanced stage. We used the Fisher’s exact test with the significance of p0.05). The significant difference was found in the expression of E-cadherin whereas the high expression was shown at early stage than advanced stage (p0.05). This study also pointed out no correlation between the expression of PRL-3 and E-cadherin in epithelial ovarian cancer (p>0.05). Conclusion: PRL-3 overexpression does not decrease E-cadherin expression in epithelial ovarian cancer. Keywords: E-cadherin, epithelial ovarian cancer, PRL-3

Comparison of Maxillary Central Inclination, Crown Angulation and Tooth Size Variation in Aesthetic and Non-aesthetic Smiles, A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarulatha Revanappa Shyagali ◽  
Rachita Singh ◽  
Anil Tiwari ◽  
Abhishek Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Size Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Aesthetic

Background: An attractive smile is often attributed to incisor alignment and proclined or retroclined incisors could contribute to a less aesthetic smile. Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the maxillary central incisor crown inclination, crown angulation and tooth size variation in aesthetic and unattractive smiles. Methods: This study was conducted among 100 females (equally divided into aesthetic and unaesthetic smile groups), aged between15 - 25 years, with Angle’s Class I normal occlusion and balanced profiles. Variations in maxillary central incisor crown inclination and angulation were measured on lateral cephalograms, photographs and the study models of the subjects. Variations in tooth morphology were also evaluated by measuring crown height and width in both groups. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate the difference between the aesthetic and unaesthetic smiles. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: This study showed that incisor angulation was significantly higher in the unaesthetic group compared to the aesthetic group (P < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference for the incisor inclination relative to the Palatal Plane between the aesthetic and unaesthetic smile groups (P = 0.086). In addition, there were significant differences between the aesthetic and the non-aesthetic groups regarding the central incisor height (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the possible variations in aesthetics are related to the ethnic elements that are associated with differences in crown angulations, as well as tooth size.

Women’s Participation in Self-Care and the Importance of Paying Attention to Cultural Capital: A Cross-Sectional Study among Women in Yazd (Iran)

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110334
Author(s):  
Hamideh Shiri Mohammadabad ◽  
Seyed Alireza Afshani
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between women's cultural capital and self-care. A survey was employed with a sample size of 737 women living in the marginal, middle, and upper areas of Yazd in terms of socioeconomic characteristics. Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling by SPSS and Amos version 24. The results revealed that the effect of cultural capital on self-care was positive and significant (β = 0.46, p < 0.001). The effectiveness rates of cultural capital on women's self-care in the marginal, middle, and upper areas were 0.44, 0.32 and 0.45, respectively (p < 0.001). Besides, there was no significant difference between the intensity of the relationship between cultural capital and self-care in the three areas (CR < 1.96). The fit indices also indicated that the model had a good fit (CMIN/DF = 2.560, NFI = 0.916, RMSEA = 0.033, CFI = 0.946, TLI = 0.922, GFI = 0.963, IFI = 0.947).

scholarly journals The relationship between premenstrual syndrome and anger

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Havva Yeşildere Sağlam ◽  
Fatma Basar
Keyword(s):  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Anger Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a significant disorder affecting the daily life of women of reproductive age. The aims of this study was to determine the PMS prevalence and the examination of the relationship between PMS and anger. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. The study was carried out with 720 women between the ages of 15-49 living in the province of Kutahya, Turkey. A Personal Information Form, the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS) and the State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS) were used to collect data. Results: The PMS prevalence was 48.75%. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of constant anger, anger-in, anger-out and anger control subscales (p <0.001). The average scores of women with PMS for constant anger anger-in and anger-out was significantly higher. The anger control scores were at a significantly lower level. Conclusion: Women with PMS had higher anger and lower anger control levels. It should be advisable to recommend anger control management and provide social support so these women can cope with the symptoms. The result of our study emphasizes the importance of careful assessment of anger in women with premenstrual symptoms. How to cite this:Saglam HY, Basar F. The relationship between premenstrual syndrome and anger. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(2):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.2.232 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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