Comparison of Maxillary Central Inclination, Crown Angulation and Tooth Size Variation in Aesthetic and Non-aesthetic Smiles, A Cross Sectional Study

Background: An attractive smile is often attributed to incisor alignment and proclined or retroclined incisors could contribute to a less aesthetic smile. Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the maxillary central incisor crown inclination, crown angulation and tooth size variation in aesthetic and unattractive smiles. Methods: This study was conducted among 100 females (equally divided into aesthetic and unaesthetic smile groups), aged between15 - 25 years, with Angle’s Class I normal occlusion and balanced profiles. Variations in maxillary central incisor crown inclination and angulation were measured on lateral cephalograms, photographs and the study models of the subjects. Variations in tooth morphology were also evaluated by measuring crown height and width in both groups. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate the difference between the aesthetic and unaesthetic smiles. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: This study showed that incisor angulation was significantly higher in the unaesthetic group compared to the aesthetic group (P < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference for the incisor inclination relative to the Palatal Plane between the aesthetic and unaesthetic smile groups (P = 0.086). In addition, there were significant differences between the aesthetic and the non-aesthetic groups regarding the central incisor height (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the possible variations in aesthetics are related to the ethnic elements that are associated with differences in crown angulations, as well as tooth size.

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The influence of varying maxillary central incisor vertical dimension on perceived smile aesthetics

Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1177/1465312519839713 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 137-142

Author(s):

Elis Janaina Lira dos Santos ◽

Alana Moura Xavier Dantas ◽

Raíssa Marçal Vilela ◽

Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de Lima ◽

Rejane Targino Soares Beltrão

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Educational Background ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Maxillary Central Incisor ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate patient perception of the smile focused on analysis of the upper incisors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Participants: The sample consisted of 135 individuals (73 women and 62 men). Methods: Images with different characteristics associated with the incisal edges were shown at random and analysed using a Likert scale. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). Results: Smile I (difference of 1.5 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) was considered the most aesthetic, while Smile III (no difference in height between the central and lateral incisors) was the least aesthetic. A significant difference was found between perception of smile II (difference of 1 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) and age groups ( P < 0.005), with 31% (n = 13) of individuals aged 45–64 years considering smile II as not pleasant, 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years and 8.3% (n=4) aged 25–44 years and 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years considering the same. A significant difference was also found in relation to educational background of the assessor and smile perception, with smile III ( P = 0.0441) and smile IV ( P = 0.0053) considered the most aesthetic ( P = 0.0116). Conclusion: The smile considered most attractive among the sample was that with 1.5 mm steepness between the central and lateral incisors, while a flat smile arc was considered least attractive.

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A Study on Bolton Anterior Tooth Size Discrepancies among Different Malocclusion Groups

Bangladesh Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics ◽

10.3329/bjodfo.v1i2.15982 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

AW Ali ◽

MZ Hossain

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Group ◽

Anterior Tooth ◽

Tooth Size ◽

Class Iii ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Bangladeshi Population

Aim: To investigate the correlation between anterior tooth size discrepancies among Angle's Class l, ll, lll malocclusions and corresponding normal occlusion, as well as their prevalence in Bangladeshi population. This study would act as a reference for diagnosis, treatment planning and assessment of prognosis in some orthodontic cases. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dhaka Dental College & Hospital. A total number of 200 subjects were selected in Angle's Class l, ll, lll and corresponding normal group. Each group had 50 subjects with males and females. A chi-square test was performed to statistically compare the prevalence of anterior tooth size discrepancies among Angle's Class l, ll, lll malocclusions and corresponding normal occlusion and two genders. Analysis of variance was used to compare the mean Bolton anterior tooth size ratios as a function of angle classification and gender. Statistical differences were determined at the 95% confidence level (p< 0.05). Results: No significant difference was observed in the mean Bolton anterior ratio between normal group and class-I malocclusion group (p = 0.343). Significant differences were observed between Class-II malocclusion and normal group (p=0.001), and also between Class-III malocclusion and normal group (p = 0.001). Individuals with Angle Class lll and Class ll malocclusions showed significantly greater prevalence of tooth size discrepancy than Class l malocclusion and corresponding normal group. Conclusion: The great diversity and ethnic mix of Bangladeshi population should alert our orthodontist to use Bolton analysis as an important diagnostic tool and become aware of the moderate variations that may be present and treated. It may somehow guide planning of this type of study in future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v1i2.15982 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2011; Vol-1, No.2, 1-4

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Comparative assessment of odontometric parameters for gender determination: A hospital based cross-sectional study

Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine ◽

10.18231/j.ijfcm.2021.030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 147-152

Author(s):

Mosmi Lomi ◽

Jonathan Daniel M

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mean Value ◽

The Body ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Maxillary Canine ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Gender Determination ◽

Significant Difference

Determining gender is one of the most important procedure in forensics. Teeth are made of the most enduring mineralized tissues in the body, as such, they have an extraordinary resistance to putrefaction and the effects of external agents (physical, thermal, mechanical, chemical or biological) which makes them invaluable material for anthropological, genetic, odontologic and forensic examinations.i)To assess the degree of sexual dimorphism in maxillary canine using maxillary canine index, maxillary first molar and central incisor using mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual/buccopalatal (BL) dimensions of the crown. ii) To determine the accuracy of maxillary canine index, first molar and central incisor dimensions (mesiodistal and buccolingual/buccopalatal) in determining sex.This study consisted of total 30 participants (males=15, females=15) of age group ranging from 20 to 35 yrs. Measurement of dimensions of selected teeth were performed on maxillary cast using digital Vernier caliper, resolution 0.01mm. Data thus obtained were analyzed statistically.The mean values of all the measurements in males were greater than females. There was statistical significant difference in mean value of bucco-lingual width of molar, mesiodistal width of canine (on left side, right side and average) and the inter-canine distance between males and females. The buccolingual width of molar showed the highest % of sexual dimorphism (5.33%) and the mesiodistal width of molar showed the least % of dimorphism (0.7%). Bucco-lingual width of molar posed the highest prediction accuracy for gender determination. We conclude that buccolingual width of maxillary first molar can be used to predict the gender when only teeth of maxillary arch are available for forensic examination.

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Prevalence of malocclusion among school Children of Kathmandu, Nepal

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v9i1.25693 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 59-62

Author(s):

Manju Bajracharya ◽

Sunanda Sundas ◽

Resina Pradhan ◽

Surendra Maharjan

Keyword(s):

School Children ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Class I ◽

Class Iii ◽

Class Iii Malocclusion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Population

Introduction: this study was carried to understand Prevalence of malocclusion among the school children of Kathmandu, Sorakhutte residing near school during mixed dentition period. A sample of 600 children ; 365 male, 235 female in age group of 6-13yrs was selected randomly from different school of Kathmandu city. The aim of our study is to find out prevalence of malocclusion among the mixed detention children of Kathmandu. Materials & Method: Data was collected using direct observation of the subjects, Descriptive cross-sectional study method was used in this research. Occlusal assessment were done according to angle’s classification and dewey’s modification type of class I, class III malocclusion. Result: Subjects with normal occlusion was found to be 59.3% and with malocclusion was found to 40.7%. Among them class I malocclusion was majority of (57%) of study population, crowded incisors and significant difference was observed between male and female in the study. Conclusion: This study helps to access the prevalence malocclusion and need of orthodontic treatment for the mixed dentition period children.

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Assessment of Labial Alveolar Bone Thickness in Maxillary Central Incisor using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Journal of Nepalese Society of Periodontology and Oral Implantology ◽

10.3126/jnspoi.v5i1.38175 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 2-6

Author(s):

Shaili Pradhan ◽

Rejina Shrestha ◽

Ranjita Shrestha Gorkhali ◽

Pramod Kumar Koirala

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Surgery ◽

Maxillary Central Incisor ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: The maxillary anterior region is becoming a major concern due to its aesthetic relevance. The buccal bone thickness is important for implant placement, orthodontic treatment and restorative treatment. Objective: To assess the thickness of alveolar bone in the maxillary central incisor using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Department of Dental Surgery, Bir Hospital where CBCT of 53 samples from July 2019 till December 2019, the archived CBCT images was assessed retrospectively. The thickness of the labial bone in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the tooth root was measured at a distance of 2 mm from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The measurement was taken thrice and the mean measurement was considered. Results: The labial alveolar bone thickness in maxillary central incisor was found to be 0.55±0.27 mm at a distance of 2 mm from the CEJ. Only 2 (3.8%) of the samples had an alveolar thickness of >1 mm. No statistically significant difference was found with respect to gender and age. Conclusion: The average thickness of the labial alveolar bone in maxillary central incisor using cone beam computed tomography was found to be thin.

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Cephalometric Norms of Erbil Kurdish Adults

Polytechnic Journal ◽

10.25156/ptj.v10n1y2020.pp130-134 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 130-134

Author(s):

Botan A. Mustafa Chalabee ◽

Bayan A. Hassan

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Occlusal Plane ◽

Cephalometric Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

Lateral Cephalograms

Ethical group might have differential skeletal forms, thus cephalometric analysis and orthodontic material have been developed for specific ethnic groups which might be different for Kurdish Ethics.Objectives: This study is to determine the cephalometric norms of an Erbil Kurdish population according to Steiner analysis, who attend to Tishk Hospital/Diagnosis Department Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 48 lateral cephalograms of adult orthodontic subjects between 20 and 29 years with normal occlusion, and with no previous orthodontic treatment were evaluated. Lateral cephalograms were traced and analyzed based on Steiner’s cephalometric parameters. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Differences between Erbil Kurdish and Steiner’s norms were analyzed using one-sample t-test (P < 0.05). Results: The SNA, ML-NSL (Mandibular Line to NS line), U1-NA (both angular and linear measurements), interincisal angle, L1-NB (angular only), Pog-NB, L1-Pog//NB, Ls-SL, and Li-SL values were significantly different between the Erbil Kurdish population and Steiner’s norms (P < 0.05). No significant differences existed in Occl-SN (occlusal plane to SN) and L1-Nb (linear only), SNB, and ANB between the Erbil Kurdish population and the Steiner’s norms (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Cephalometric norms for Erbil Kurdish adults are different from those of Steiner’s norms. The norms obtained in our study can be used for orthodontic treatments and orthognathic surgeries in Erbil Kurdish population.

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Radiographic Evaluation of Soft Palate Morphology and Correlation with Gender on Lateral Cephalograms

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1331 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 147-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati ◽

Komal Smriti ◽

Keerthilatha Muralidhar Pai ◽

Ravindranath Vineetha

Keyword(s):

Soft Palate ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Radiographic Examination ◽

Radiographic Evaluation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Lateral Cephalograms ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Males And Females

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the variation of the soft palate morphology and the proportional differences of the morphology of soft palate between males and females. Materials and methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in department of oral medicine and radiology. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of individuals subjected to radiographic examination for orthodontic purpose were retrieved. A total of 100 digital lateral cephalograms of normal healthy individuals (50 males and 50 females) who were aged 15 to 45 years were retrieved. Results Type 1 was most commonest shape of the soft palate (30%) followed by type 6 (19%), types 2 and 3 (17 and 17%), type 4 (11%) with least being type 5 (6%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of shape of soft palate between males and females (p = 0.312). Conclusion This classification can help us better understand the diversity of the velar morphology and can be used as references for the research of velopharyngeal closure in cleft palate individuals, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and other conditions. How to cite this article Smriti K, Pai KM, Vineetha R, Pentapati KC. Radiographic Evaluation of Soft Palate Morphology and Correlation with Gender on Lateral Cephalograms. World J Dent 2015;6(3):147-149.

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SEXUAL DIMORPHISM OF MINANGKABAUNES’ MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISOR’S WIDTH

Dentika Dental Journal ◽

10.32734/dentika.v20i1.705 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 8-12

Author(s):

Nila Kasuma ◽

Susi Susi ◽

Haria Fitri ◽

Fildzah Nurul Fajrin

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Average Width ◽

Maxillary Central Incisor ◽

Biological Damage ◽

Significant Difference

Teeth are known as organs made up of the hardest mineral tissue that is resistant to decay and physical, thermal, mechanical, chemical or biological damage. Tooth crown dimensions are reasonably accurate predictors of genders especially to young individuals whose secondary skeletal characteristics are yet developed. This research aims to analyse the influence of genders to the width of maxillary central incisor Minangkabaunese. The study was conducted using cross-sectional method in Luhak Agam, Luhak Tanah Datar and Luhak Lima Puluh Kota, West Sumatra using simple random sampling technique to a total of 120 samples. Teeth width was measured in mesiodistal dimension with 0.01 mm calibrated sliding digital caliper. The measurement was done on a tooth mould at ⅓ incisal as the position of mesial and biggest distar. T-test independent statistic test was done to determine the relationship between the 2 variables. Sexual dimorphism was determined with Garn formula. The research shows significant difference (p=0.001) between the width of left and right central incisor in males and females. The average width of the male and female right maxillary incisor is 8.545 mm and 8.370 mm, while the left central incisor width is 8.877 mm in male and 8.283 mm in females. Sexual dimorphism on the right central incisor is 2.09% and 3.43% on the left side. The conclusion of the study is that maxillary central incisor width can distinguish different genders in the identification process.

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Prevalence of Impacted Teeth among the Orthodontic Patient in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Bangladesh Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics ◽

10.3329/bjodfo.v5i1.35766 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 24-26

Author(s):

Luthfun Nahar ◽

Digamber Jha ◽

Gazi Shamim Hassan

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Central Incisor ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Impacted Teeth ◽

Tooth Impaction ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Medical University

Aim: This study was attempted to find out the prevalence of impacted teeth among the patients attended for orthodontic treatment in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityMaterials and Method: For this cross sectional study 200 patients were taken according to selection criteria who were seeking orthodontic treatment, age between 10 and 30 years in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University.Results: 42.0 % respondents belong to age group 11-15 years, 65.5% respondents were female and 34.5% were male, who had impacted teeth with other orthodontics problems. Among 3.0% respondents 1.5 % showed impaction in right upper central incisor and other showed impaction in right upper canine, in left upper central incisor and also left upper canine. The prevalence of impacted teeth was not significant for age group ( p=0.449) and there was no significant difference between male and female (p=0.695).Conclusion: The prevalence of tooth impaction is a common dental anomaly. The early recognition of tooth impaction is very important from a therapeutic point of view.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2015; Vol-5 (1-2), P.24-26

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