scholarly journals Antioxidant Effects of Resistance Training with Pumpkin Seed Extract Consumption in Heart Tissue of Rats Exposed to H2O2-induced Oxidative Damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazafarin Mohammad ◽  
Seyed Ali Hosseini ◽  
Hasan Matinhomaee
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are small, unstable, highly reactive molecules that can oxidize proteins, lipids, and DNA. It has been shown that ROS levels increase with aging, leading to loss of muscle mass and heart damage as well as muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophy. However, proper exercise and antioxidant consumption like pumpkin seed (PS) can have protective effects against oxidative stress. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of resistance training (RT) and PS extract consumption in the rat’s heart tissue exposed to H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats were selected and divided into seven groups of six subjects, including (1) control (C); (2) treatment control (TC); (3) RT; (4) 1 g/kg PS (1PS); (5) 2 g/kg PS (2PS); (6) RT + 1PS; and (7) RT + 2PS. The groups 2 to 7 received 1 mg/kg of H2O2 peritoneally for eight weeks; groups 4, 5, 6, and 7 received ethanolic extract of PS at given doses by gavage; the groups 3, 6, and 7 performed RT (the initial weight selected was 50% of the rats’ body weight, which gradually increased by the end of the eight-week period and increased by 100% in the final week) three days per week. Forty-eight hours after the last RT and PS administration the rats were sacrificed, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) levels were measured in the heart tissue. Results: H2O2-induced oxidative damage significantly reduced ATP and GSH as well as increased MDA and PAB levels (P = 0.001); RT significantly increased GSH and decreased MDA and PAB levels (P = 0.001); 1PS and 2PS significantly increased GSH and decreased PAB levels (P = 0.001); RT + 1PS and RT + 2PS significantly increased ATP and GSH as well as decreased PAB levels (P = 0.001) also RT + 2PS had more effect on ATP increase and MDA decrease and PAB compared with RT, 1PS, 2PS, and RT + 1PS (P = 0.001). Conclusions: It seems that RT simultaneously with PS administration compared with RT and PS alone have more protective effects in the heart tissue of rats exposed to H2O2-induced oxidative damage; also, effects of PS consumption are dose-dependent.

scholarly journals Diquat-induced cytotoxicity on Vero and HeLa cell lines: effect of melatonin and dihydromelatonin

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Moravčík ◽  
Monika Okuliarová ◽  
Elena Kováčová ◽  
Michal Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Oxidative Effects ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Diquat dibromide is a moderately toxic contact herbicide belonging to the bipyridyl group of redox-active compounds that induce a strong oxidative damage. Melatonin (MEL) can protect against oxidative damage under in vivo conditions, probably through its antioxidative capacity and ability to induce expression of anti-oxidative enzymes. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of diquat on viability of Vero and HeLa cells and possible protective effects of MEL and its analogue 2,3-dihydromelatonin (DMEL). Cell viability was evaluated with the MTT test. First, we analyzed dose-dependent effects of diquat on cell viability using the concentration range of 0.1-100 μM. Second, we used the diquat dose which reduced cell viability by 50% and treated cells with either MEL or DMEL (both in the concentration range of 1-100 μM) in the presence or absence of diquat. In addition, effects of both diquat and MEL on oxidative stress in HeLa cells were measured by flow cytometry using 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. We confirmed the expected negative effects of diquat on viability of Vero and HeLa cells. Melatonin and DMEL were able to prevent diquat reduced viability of Vero cells in rather low concentrations (1 μM) and DMEL exerted substantially stronger protective effects than MEL. However in HeLa cells, we did not find the same effects and MEL even reduced their viability. Moreover, treatment of HeLa cells with high concentrations of MEL (100 μM) exaggerated the pro-oxidative effects of diquat. The results suggest that in addition to the expected anti-oxidative effects, MEL exerts a pro-oxidative action which is cell type and dose dependent

scholarly journals Cellular and Molecular Evidence of Acetaldehyde Elimination and Intracellular Environment Antioxidation by L-Cysteine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zhenjing Li ◽  
Xiaohong Zhang ◽  
Yibin Xue ◽  
Jingkai Zhang ◽  
Meiling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Dose Dependent

Acetaldehyde is a harmful metabolite of smoking and drinking. This study was initially intended to facilitate the understanding of the possible injury mechanism of A549 cells damaged by acetaldehyde and the possible protective mechanism of L-cysteine (L-Cys) by analyzing the oxidative damage indicators, as well as the changes in cell morphology and gene expression. Results from the dithiodimorpholine nitrobenzoic acid colorimetric determination for glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in L-Cys groups were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those in the acetaldehyde group in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) mRNA was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P<0.01) and was noticeably restored in the L-Cys groups. Scanning electronic microscopy observation, DAPI staining, and flow cytometry also indicated that L-Cys could effectively attenuate the oxidative damage to A549 cells caused by acetaldehyde and reduces the rate of apoptosis. In conclusion, the protective effects of L-Cys on A549 cells against oxidative damage by acetaldehyde were dose-dependent within the range of 10 μmol/L to 160 μmol/L. Acetaldehyde damaged the mitochondria and resulted in the apoptosis of A549 cells by reactive oxygen species (ROS), e.g., free radicals, but L-Cys reversed the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, reduced the rate of apoptosis, and protected cells from ROS and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Portulaca oleracea seeds’ extract alleviates acrylamide-induced testicular dysfunction by promoting oxidative status and steroidogenic pathway in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola M. Farag ◽  
Reham M. Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Shymaa A. El Badawy ◽  
Hanan A. Ogaly ◽  
Muhammad A. Alsherbiny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Steroidogenic Genes

Abstract Background Acrylamide (ACR) is a widespread industrial and food contaminant that garnered considerable attention for its carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and reproductive toxic effects. The antioxidant effects of Portulaca oleracea seeds extract (POS) and its fertility-enhancing effects were inspiring to evaluate the protective potential and pinpoint the mechanisms and molecular targets of the UPLC-MS fingerprinted POS extract on ACR-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups of negative control, ACR model (10 mg/kg b.wt.), POS at doses of (200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt.) and POS-treated ACR groups. All treatments were given by oral dosing every day for 60 days. Results Administration of POS extract reversed the ACR-induced epididymides weight loss with improved semen quality and count, ameliorated the ACR-decreased testicular lesion scoring, testicular oxidative stress, testicular degeneration, Leydig cell apoptosis and the dysregulated PCNA and Caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. It upregulated the declined level of serum testosterone and the expression of steroidogenic genes such as CYP11A1 and 17β3-HSD with an obvious histologic improvement of the testes with re-establishment of the normal spermatogenic series, Sertoli and Leydig cells. Conclusions The supplementation with POS extract may provide a potential protective effect for ACR-induced testicular dysfunction which is mediated by its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and steroidogenic modulatory effects.

scholarly journals Neurobehavioral and Antioxidant Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Yellow Propolis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinthia Cristina Sousa de Menezes da Silveira ◽  
Luanna Melo Pereira Fernandes ◽  
Mallone Lopes Silva ◽  
Diandra Araújo Luz ◽  
Antônio Rafael Quadros Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Avoidance ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Propolis is a resin produced by bees from raw material collected from plants, salivary secretions, and beeswax. New therapeutic properties for the Central Nervous System have emerged. We explored the neurobehavioral and antioxidant effects of an ethanolic extract of yellow propolis (EEYP) rich in triterpenoids, primarily lupeol andβ-amyrin. Male Wistar rats, 3 months old, were intraperitoneally treated with Tween 5% (control), EEYP (1, 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), or diazepam, fluoxetine, and caffeine (positive controls) 30 min before the assays. Animals were submitted to open field, elevated plus maze, forced swimming, and inhibitory avoidance tests. After behavioral tasks, blood samples were collected through intracardiac pathway, to evaluate the oxidative balance. The results obtained in the open field and in the elevated plus maze assay showed spontaneous locomotion preserved and anxiolytic-like activity. In the forced swimming test, EEYP demonstrated antidepressant-like activity. In the inhibitory avoidance test, EEYP showed mnemonic activity at 30 mg/kg. In the evaluation of oxidative biochemistry, the extract reduced the production of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde without changing level of total antioxidant, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, induced by behavioral stress. Our results highlight that EEYP emerges as a promising anxiolytic, antidepressant, mnemonic, and antioxidant natural product.

scholarly journals Efficacy of amifostine in protection against doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxic effects in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorija Dragojevic-Simic ◽  
Silva Dobric ◽  
Vesna Jacevic ◽  
Dubravko Bokonjic ◽  
Ivica Milosavljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Analysis ◽  
Antitumor Action ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Rat Myocardium ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background/Aim. Amifostine (AMI) is a broad-spectrum cytoprotector which protects against variety of radio- and chemotherapy-related toxicities without decreasing their antitumor action. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential protective effects of AMI against acute cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) in male Wistar rats. Methods. AMI (300 mg/kg ip) was given 30 min before DOX (6 mg/kg and 10mg/kg b.w., iv). The evaluation of DOXinduced cardiotoxic effects, as well as cardioprotective efficacy of AMI was performed 48 h after their administration by determining serum activities of enzymes known to be markers of cardiac damage (creatine kinase - CK, aspartate aminotransferase - AST, lactate dehydrogenase - LDH, and its isoenzyme ?-hydroxybutirate dehydrogenase - ?- HBDH), as well as the histopathological and ultrastructural analysis of the heart tissue. Results. AMI successfully prevented a significant increase in serum activity of CK, AST, LDH and ?-HBDH in animals treated with DOX in the dose of 6 mg/kg (121.14 ? 18.37 vs 167.70 ? 44.24; 771.42 ? 161.99 vs 1057.00 ? 300.00; 3230.00 ? 1031.73 vs 4243.10 ? 904.06; 202.57 ? 42.46 vs 294.90 ? 80.20 UI/l, respectively), and ameliorated DOX-induced structural damage of the rat myocardium. Pretreatment with AMI in rats given 10 mg/kg DOX reduced the cardiac damage score (CDS) from 2.62 ? 0.51 to 1.62 ? 0.51, i.e. to the CDS value obtained with the lower dose of DOX (6 mg/kg). The ultrastructural analysis of the rat myocardium showed that AMI successfully protected the sarcolemma of cardiomyocytes and reduced mitochondria damage induced by DOX given in the dose of 6 mg/kg. Besides, capillaries were less morphologically changed and apoptosis of endothelial cells was extremely rare in AMI-protected animals. AMI itself did not cause any prominent changes in the examined parameters in comparison with the control rats. Conclusion. AMI provided a significant protection against DOX-induced acute cardiotoxic effects in rats. This finding implies its potential to be a successful cardioprotector in patients treated with DOX due to malignant diseases.

scholarly journals The potential protective effects of malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
ETRINA MELINDA ◽  
ERMI GIRSANG ◽  
ALI NAPIAH NASUTION
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Chemotherapy Agent ◽  
Sample Extract ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact

Doxorubicin as a chemotherapy agent is most widely used in cancer treatment. Long-term use at a predetermined dose has a side effect, namely cardiotoxicity. Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is considered to be caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is also characterized by increasing CK-MB enzyme levels in the blood. To reduce the impact of doxorubin-induced toxicity, a study was conducted on natural antioxidant sources with cardioprotective capabilities in vivo. Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit was used as a sample for a natural source of antioxidants extracted using ethanol. Then performed a phytochemical screening of secondary metabolites contained in it. This extract was administered orally in various doses to the experimental animal Wistar rats and the induced doxorubicin to these animals. The CK-MB enzyme levels were measured, and the heart organ histopathology test was performed. The results of this study indicate that P. emblica L. fruit extract contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, and triterpenoids compounds. Extract treatment at a 400 mg/kg BW dose showed the best reduction in CK-MB levels with great improvements in regular arrangement and shape of myocardial muscle cells of cardiac tissue. The sample extract at a 400 mg/kg BW dose showed remarkably decreasing of CK-MB great improvements of heart tissue on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. This study showed the potential protective effect of P. emblica L. against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Cardiotoxicity Induced by Dietary Oxidized Sunflower Oil in Rats: Pro- and Antioxidant Effects of α-Tocopherol

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayrouz Rouaki ◽  
Azzedine Mazari ◽  
Amel Kanane ◽  
Mohamed Brahim Errahmani ◽  
Ali Ammouche
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Oxidant Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

This study highlighted the pro-oxidative functions of α-tocopherol (αT) on the heart antioxidant system and tissue histopathology of oxidized sunflower oil (OSO)-exposed rats.Four groups of male Wistar rats were fed with different diets: 1) control diet containing FSO (fresh sunflower oil); 2) diet containing 5 % OSO; 3) diet containing 5 % OSO, supplemented with 600 mg αT kg-1; and 4) diet containing 5 % OSO, supplemented with 1200 mg αT kg-1. The hearts were then isolated, and the antioxidant enzymatic activities were assessed. Body weight and catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities significantly decreased in groups fed with OSO, while the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level significantly increased. Administration of OSO with αT (600 mg · kg-1) returned the body weight values and LPO levels to similar values as the control group. The CAT and GPx activities increased but remained significantly lower compared to the control group. In the OSO group with αT (1200 mg · kg-1), the CAT and GPx activities also decreased, while LPO significantly increased. Heart tissue sections obtained from the groups revealed the presence of large areas of necrosis. This study suggested that OSO induced oxidative stress and that administration of a moderate dose of αT restored the antioxidant balance, but that high levels of αT supplementation result in a pro-oxidant effect.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of the Flavonoid Chrysin against Methylmercury-Induced Genotoxicity and Alterations of Antioxidant Status,In Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Scandinari Manzolli ◽  
Juliana Mara Serpeloni ◽  
Denise Grotto ◽  
Jairo Kennup Bastos ◽  
Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Dietary Flavonoids ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The use of phytochemicals has been widely used as inexpensive approach for prevention of diseases related to oxidative damage due to its antioxidant properties. One of dietary flavonoids is chrysin (CR), found mainly in passion fruit, honey, and propolis. Methylmercury (MeHg) is a toxic metal whose main toxic mechanism is oxidative damage. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of CR against oxidative damage induced by MeHg in Wistar rats. Animals were treated with MeHg (30 µg/kg/bw) in presence and absence of CR (0.10, 1.0, and 10 mg/kg/bw) by gavage for 45 days. Glutathione (GSH) in blood was quantified spectrophotometrically and for monitoring of DNA damage, comet assay was used in leukocytes and hepatocytes. MeHg led to a significant increase in the formation of comets; when the animals were exposed to the metal in the presence of CR, higher concentrations of CR showed protective effects. Moreover, exposure to MeHg decreased the levels of GSH and GSH levels were restored in the animals that received CR plus MeHg. Taken together the findings of the present work indicate that consumption of flavonoids such as CR may protect humans against the adverse health effects caused by MeHg.

scholarly journals Sulforaphane Alleviates Particulate Matter-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunchae Sim ◽  
Wonhwa Lee ◽  
Samyeol Choo ◽  
Eui Kyun Park ◽  
Moon-Chang Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Rpe Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly, and oxidative damage to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells plays a major role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Exposure to high levels of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of &lt;2.5 μm (PM2.5) causes respiratory injury, primarily due to oxidative stress. Recently, a large community-based cohort study in the UK reported a positive correlation between PM2.5 exposure and AMD. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, has known antioxidant effects. However, the protective effects of SNF in the eye, especially in the context of AMD, have not been evaluated. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of SFN against PM2.5-induced toxicity in human RPE cells (ARPE-19) and elucidated the molecular mechanism of action. Exposure to PM2.5 decreased cell viability in ARPE-19 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, potentially due to elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). SFN treatment increased ARPE-19 cell viability and decreased PM2.5-induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. PM2.5-induced downregulation of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), a cell survival factor, was recovered by SFN. PM2.5 treatment decreased the enzymatic activities of the antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase and catalase, which were restored by SFN treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest that SFN effectively alleviates PM2.5-induced oxidative damage in human ARPE-19 cells via its antioxidant effects, and that SFN can potentially be used as a therapeutic agent for AMD, particularly in cases related to PM2.5 exposure.

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