Reaktivní agilita před a po sportovně-specifickém rozcvičení u hráčů stolního tenisu

The aim of the study was to determine and compare the reactive agility league players and players of regional competitions and its changes due to sport-specific warm-up. The research sample consisted of 43 players, who were divided into two groups. First group consisted of 22 players from teams playing in the national league competitions (24.3 ± 5.6 years, body height 179.4 ± 8 cm, body weight 74.8 ± 10.4 kg), the second group of 21 players playing lower regional competitions (26.7 ± 5.64 years, body height 180.2 ± 7.7 cm, body weight 77.8 ± 10.5 kg). We used Fitro agility test modified for table tennis before and after warm-up. For data analysis was used two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. When comparing reactive agility, we found significant difference before and after the sport-specific warm-up for group of league players (885.94 ± 122.69 ms before the warm-up, 842.80 ± 119.48 ms after the warm-up, an improvement of 4.87 %, p <0.0004) and also for the group of players from lower competitions (932.96 ± 114.78ms before the warm-up, 871.90 ± 119.68 ms after the warm-up, an improvement of 6.54 %, p < 0.0002). Although league players achieved better results, the difference between the groups was found not significant. The nonsignificant statistic values for interaction indicates, that league players did not respond to the sport-specific warm-up differently than players from lower competitions. Sport-specific warm-up is important for improving the reactive agility and therefore should not be underestimated.

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The Relationship Between Reactive Agility and Change of Direction Speed in Professional Female Basketball and Handball Players

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.708771 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Marek Popowczak ◽

Ireneusz Cichy ◽

Andrzej Rokita ◽

Jarosław Domaradzki

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Body Height ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anthropometric Features ◽

Reactive Agility ◽

Partial Correlations ◽

The Difference

Assessing the physical ability of players to perform change of direction and the cognitive and motor abilities revealed in reactive agility (RA) is necessary to understand the physical requirements and capabilities of professional players in handball and basketball. The main aim of this study was to determine the differences between professional female basketball and handball players in terms of anthropometric features, change of direction speed (CODS), and the RA task. Moreover, the relationships among anthropometric features, agility, and parameters of perception were determined. Two scenarios of the Five-Time Shuttle Run to Gates test (planned and unplanned) were used to evaluate the CODS and RA. The response time (RT) was also measured in the unplanned scenario. Additionally, the index of reactivity (REAC-INDEX) was specified as the difference between the RA test result and the measurement of CODS. There was a significant difference found in terms of body height, with basketball players being taller than handball players (p = 0.032). Professional female handball players achieved better results than professional female basketball players with regard to RA tasks (p = 0.01) and CODS (p = 0.041). Significant simple correlations between each anthropometric feature (body height, body mass) and values for CODS and RA were observed (r = 0.49–0.53). Applying partial correlation allowed for the assessment of actual relationships among CODS, RA, RT, and REAC-INDEX, without a confounding variable. Detaching the anthropometric parameters from the rest of the relationships resulted in maintenance or changes in r-values and an increased significance in the relationships between each pair: RA vs. RT, RA vs. REAC-INDEX, and RT vs. REAC-INDEX. The strongest associations were related to RT vs. REAC-INDEX (r = 0.97 at detaching body height or body mass, p < 0.001) and CODS vs. RA (r = 0.66 at detaching body height and r = −0.67 at detaching body mass, p < 0.001). It is recommended to use partial correlations in subsequent studies, as simple correlations are not reliable and may not reveal the apparent relationships between the variables. In addition, when determining the CODS and RA, it is suggested to take anthropometric and perception variables into account, such as reaction time or REAC-INDEX.

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The Effect of Adding a Stone Base on the Accuracy of Working Casts Using Different Types of Dental Stone

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-7-4-17 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 17-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ayman Ellakwa ◽

Khalid Al-Abidi

Keyword(s):

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Posterior Teeth ◽

Base Materials ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Types ◽

Before And After ◽

Master Model ◽

The Difference

Abstract Aim Gypsum products are used for the preparation of stone casts of oral and maxillofacial structures and as important adjuncts to dental laboratory operations involved in the production of dental prostheses. The aim of this study was to determine the effect on the dimensional accuracy of a working cast of adding a stone base using different stone products. Methods and Materials A total of forty impressions of a mandibular dentoform were made. The impressions were dried with compressed air and stored at room temperature for 24 hours before pouring stone casts. The forty impressions were randomly divided into four groups of ten each. All forty impressions were poured once using one pre-weighed 140 Gm package of Silky Rock (SR) Type IV improved stone (Whip Mix Corporation, Louisville, KY, USA) per impression. All working casts and the die setups were prepared according to the manufacturer's recommendations for pin placement (M.R. Dual pin and sleeve). Four different types of dental stone (II, III, and IV) and Flow Stone (FS) were used as bases for the working models. They were mixed according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The lower posterior teeth were flattened on the dentoform prior to taking the impressions. All were indexed using a mounted abrasive disc. Four teeth were selected as follows: 21, 28, 30, and 18. These represented A, B, C, and D landmarks, respectively. All measurements (five times for each specimen) were made with a Universal measuring microscope (Unitron Instruments, Inc., Bohemia, NY, USA). After the pre-sectioned measurements were recorded, the stone base was poured. A manual hand saw was used to section and fabricate removable dies for the mandibular landmarks A, B, C, and D. The dies were later seated and removed ten times to simulate the average amount of handling during laboratory procedures. Each die was carefully seated and measurements were made using the same technique as for the master model and unsectioned casts. Multivariate repeated measures analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to test the difference in three different landmark distances (AB, AC, and AD) among the master model before and after sectioning of the working dies and among the four different base materials. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for each measurement, AB, AC, and AD to test the difference in landmark distances on the master model at pre sectioning and then at post sectioning using four different base materials. When there was a significant main effect (p < .05), the Student-Newman-Keul's (SNK) were used to test for pair wise comparison of means (P<0.05). Results The results of the MANOVA indicated there was a significant difference in three landmark measurements on the master model before and after sectioning of the working dies for the four different base materials (F=6.60, p=0.0001). In addition there was a significant difference in three landmark measurements on the master model at: (1) pre sectioning (p=0.0001), (2) between the master model and SR material (p=0.0002), (3) between the master model and Laboratory Plaster (LP) material (p=0.0001), (4) between the master model and Quick Stone (QS) material (p=0.0001), and (5) between the master model and FS material (p=0.0001). Citation Al-Abidi K, Ellakwa A. The Effect of Adding a Stone Base on the Accuracy of Working Casts Using Different Types of Dental Stone. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:017-028.

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Pengaruh metode latihan drill dan koordinasi terhadap ketepatan servis tenis meja

Jurnal Keolahragaan ◽

10.21831/jk.v5i1.12805 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Mu’ammar Mu’ammar

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Table Tennis ◽

Training Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Sample Technique ◽

The Difference ◽

High Coordination

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan pengaruh metode latihan drill arah sasaran konstan dan drill arah sasaran berubah-ubah terhadap ketepatan servis backspin tenis meja atlet pemula, (2) perbedaan keterampilan sevis backspin tenis meja antara siswa yang mempunyai koordinasi tinggi dan rendah, dan (3) interaksi antara metode latihan drill arah sasaran konstan dan drill arah sasaran berubah-ubah dan koordinasi terhadap ketepatan servis tenis meja atlet pemula. Penelitiaan ini merupakan penelitian ekperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2. Sampel penelitian ini 28 atlet yang diambil dengan teknik rondom sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis varian (Anava). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan metode drill arah sasaran konstan dan drill arah sasaran berubah-ubah terhadap ketepatan servis backspin tenis meja atlet pemula, (2) ada perbedaan yang signifikan hasil keterampilan servis backspin tenis meja antara siswa yang mempunyai koordinasi tinggi dan rendah, dan (3) ada interaksi antara metode latihan drill arah sasaran konstan dan drill arah sasaran berubah-ubah dan koordinasi terhadap ketepatan sevis tenis meja atlet pemula. Kelompok atlet tenis meja yang memiliki koordinasi tinggi lebih tepat jika dilatih dengan drill arah sasaran berubah-ubah, sedangkan kelompok atlet tenis meja yang memiliki koordinasi rendah lebih baik jika dilatih dengan metode drill arah sasaran konstan.Kata Kunci: metode latihan drill, koordinasi, atlet pemula tenis meja, ketepatan servis backspin The Effects of Drill Training Method and Coordination on the Accuracy of Table Tennis Service AbstractThis study aims to investigate: (1) the difference of the effect of drill training method for a constant target and that for a variable target on the accuracy of table tennis backspin service among novice athletes, (2) the difference of table tennis backspin service skill between students with high coordination and those with low coordination, and (3) the interaction of drill training method for a constant target and that for a variable target and coordination on the accuracy of table tennis service among novice table tennis athletes. This was an experimental study employing a 2 x 2 factorial design. The research sample consisted of 28 athletes, selected by means of sample technique. The data were collected through test. The test were used to assess the service skills before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance (Anava). The results of the study were as follows: (1) there is a significant difference in the effect of drill training method for a constant target and that for a variable target on the accuracy of table tennis backspin service among novice table tennis athletes, (2) there is a significant difference in table tennis backspin service skill between the students with high coordination and those with low coordination, and (3) there is an interaction of drill training method for a constant target and that for a variable target and coordination on the accuracy of the table tennis service among novice table tennis athletes. The group of table tennis athletes with high coordination has higher accuracy when they are trained through the drill method for a variable target, while those with low coordination are better when they are trained through the drill method for a constant target.Keywords: drill training method, coordination, novice table tennis athletes, accuracy, backspin service

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Influence of Apical Patency and Cleaning of the Apical Foramen on Periapical Extrusion in Retreatment

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201302016 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 482-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marili Doro Andrade Deonizio ◽

Gilson Blitzkow Sydney ◽

Antonio Batista ◽

Roberto Pontarolo ◽

Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Material Removal ◽

Filling Material ◽

Mean Values ◽

Filtration System ◽

Root Canal Retreatment ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Removal Technique

This study evaluated the influence of apical patency, root filling removal technique and cleaning of the apical foramen, concerning the amount of debris extruded during root canal retreatment. Forty mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups - GIM (n=10), GIIM (n=10), GIPT (n=10) and GIIPT (n=10), which were named according to leaving (I) or not (II) apical patency during canal preparation and filling removal technique (manual - M or ProTaper system - PT). After filling material removal, each specimen of each group had the apical foramen cleaned by sizes 15, 20 and 25 instruments, generating 12 subgroups: GIM15, GIM20, GIM25, GIIM15, GIIM20, GIIM25, GIPT15, GIPT20, GIPT25, GIIPT15, GIIPT20 and GIIPT25. Extruded filling debris was collected by a Milipore filtration system, an HV-durapore, 0.45 µm pore filter with a 25 mm diameter. The filters were weighed before and after the collection on an analytical scale (10–5 g), and the difference was calculated. The mean weight of extruded filling debris was analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman ANOVA tests (α=0.05). The mean values found in the groups (in mg) were: GIM (0.95±0.94), GIIM (0.47±0.62), GIPT (0.30±0.31) and GIIPT (0.32±0.44). There was no statistically significant difference among any of the groups or subgroups (p>0.05). ProTaper provided the smallest amount of extruded filling material, regardless of presence or absence of apical patency, followed by manual technique, without and with apical patency. Additional amounts of debris were collected during cleaning of the apical foramen, regardless of the instrument, presence/absence of patency or root filling removal technique.

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Creativity, and the Effects of Methylphenidate

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.91.4.816 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 91 (4) ◽

pp. 816-819

Author(s):

Jeanne B. Funk ◽

John B. Chessare ◽

Michael T. Weaver ◽

Anita R. Exley

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Creative Thinking ◽

Adhd Group ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference ◽

Clinically Significant

Given that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more impulsive than peers, this study explored whether they are correspondingly more creative, and whether creativity declines when impulsivity is decreased through methylphenidate (Ritalin) therapy. A repeated-measures quasi-experimental design was used to compare the performance of 19 boys with previously diagnosed ADHD and 21 comparison boys aged 8 through 11 on two administrations of alternate forms of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking-Figural (nonverbal). Boys with ADHD received prescribed methylphenidate only for the first session. Overall, mean Torrance summary scores for comparison boys (mean = 115.1, SD = 16.1) were higher than for boys with ADHD (mean = 107.6, SD = 12.7). However, the difference between means was small (7%) and did not meet the 25% criterion for a clinically significant difference. No changes in performance over time (comparison group) or medication state (ADHD group) were observed. These data suggest that, when measured nonverbally, the creative thinking performance of boys with ADHD is not superior to that of peers who do not have ADHD. Regarding the effects of methylphenidate, prescribed therapy did not influence performance on this measure of creative thinking.

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Impact of Resin Composite Viscosity and Fill-technique on Internal Gap in Class I Restorations: An OCT Evaluation

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/20-144b-l ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

KR Kantovitz ◽

LL Cabral ◽

NR Carlos ◽

AZ de Freitas ◽

DC Peruzzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Oral Care ◽

High Viscosity ◽

Class I ◽

Low Viscosity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Internal Adaptation ◽

Internal Gap

SUMMARY The aim of this in vitro study was to quantitatively evaluate the internal gap of resin composites of high-and low-viscosity used in single- and incremental-fill techniques in Class I cavities exposed to thermal cycling (TC) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Cavities of 4-mm depth and 3-mm diameter were prepared in 36 third molars randomly distributed into four groups, according to viscosity of restorative resin-based composite (high or low viscosity, all from 3M Oral Care) and technique application (bulk or incremental fill) used (n=9): RC, high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative); BF, high-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek One Bulk Fill); LRC, low-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Flowable Universal Restorative); and LBF, low-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Flowable Restorative). Single Bond Universal Adhesive system (3M Oral Care) was used in all the experimental groups. The incremental-fill technique was used for RC and LRC groups (2-mm increments), and a single-layer technique was used for BF and LBF groups, as recommended by the manufacturer. The internal adaptation of the resin at all dentin walls was evaluated before and after TC (5000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C) using OCT images. Five images of each restored tooth were obtained. Images were analyzed using ImageJ software that measured the entire length of the gaps at the dentin–restoration interface. The length of gaps (μm) was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and the Tukey tests (α=0.05). There was a significant interaction between material types and TC (p=0.006), and a significant difference among all material types (p<0.0001), before and after TC (p<0.0001). Increased internal gaps at the dentin–restoration interface were noticed after TC for all groups. RC presented the lowest value of internal gap before and after TC, while LBF showed the highest values of internal gap after TC. In conclusion, TC negatively affected the integrity of internal gap, whereas high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite presented better performance in terms of internal adaptation than low-viscosity, bulk-fill materials in Class I cavities.

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Comparison of the Remineralizing Effect of Brushing with Aloe vera versus Fluoride Toothpaste

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1716597 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Teresa Al Haddad ◽

Elie Khoury ◽

Nada Farhat Mchayleh

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

P Value ◽

Fluoride Toothpaste ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

Group B ◽

Ca:P Ratio

Abstract Objectives The aim of the present in vitro study is to compare the remineralization brushing effect of three toothpastes and Aloe vera (AV) gel. Materials and Methods Forty sound extracted teeth were placed in a demineralizing solution for 4 days and randomly assigned to four groups: group A: 1,450-ppm fluoride toothpaste; group B: AV nonfluoridated toothpaste; group C: AV 1,000-ppm fluoridated toothpaste; and group D: AV gel. A 3-minute pH cycling was performed twice a day for each group for 12 days. Specimens were analyzed before and after by scanning electron microscope—energy dispersive X-ray. Statistical analysis The outcomes were analyzed by Kolmogorov–Smirnov’s tests, repeated-measures analyses of variance followed by univariate analyses, and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons tests to compare the calcium-to-phosphorus (Ca:P) ratio within time among toothpaste groups. Results Following remineralization, the Ca:P ratio increased in all groups. The difference of the Ca:P ratio was not significant between groups C, D, and A. The mean ratio was significantly lower in group B (p-value = 0.026). Conclusions The AV gel demonstrated a remineralization capacity equal to that of the 1,450-ppm fluoride toothpaste. In contrast, fluoride-free AV toothpaste showed a lower remineralization efficiency. Further studies are required to understand its mechanism.

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The difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with fluoride containing toothpaste and without toothpaste

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol20no3.14118 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Samuel Setiawan ◽

Edeh Rolleta Haroen ◽

Dede Hadidjah

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Research Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Male And Female ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Salivary Ph ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference

In administering fluoride through drinking water there is the risk of overdose, higher cost and inadequate availability of drinking water containing fluoride in developing countries like Indonesia. A safe fluoride source is contained in toothpaste. The purpose of this research was to obtain data concerning difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with toothpaste containing fluoride and without toothpaste. The research method used was the quasi-experimental method. Samples were collected by the way of purposive sampling, conducted on 43 male and female research subjects. The data were analyzed by statistical analysis using the t test at 95% confidence level. In this research a control group consisting of 43 people was used. Research results indicated that the average saliva pH before brushing was 7.174; after brushing with fluoride containing toothpaste salivary pH was 7.593. Result research of brushing without toothpaste showed an average saliva of 7.163 before brushing and 7.379 after brushing without toothpaste. The average changes in saliva pH before and after brushing using fluoride containing toothpaste was 0.216. The conclusion of this research was that there was significant difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with toothpaste containing fluoride; there was significant difference in saliva pH before and after brushing without toothpaste, and there was significant difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with toothpaste containing fluoride and without toothpaste.

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Is It Necessary to Reduce Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures with Intermediate Screws in the Fractured Vertebra?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-542387/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

ZeJun Xing ◽

Shuai Hao ◽

XiaoFei Wu

Keyword(s):

Blood Loss ◽

Body Height ◽

Pedicle Screws ◽

Operation Time ◽

Short Segment ◽

Compression Fractures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Screw Group

Abstract PurposeTo compare the efficacy and safety of percutaneous short-segment pedicle screws fixation (PPSF) with or without intermediate screws (IS) for the treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures.MethodsFrom January 2016 to March 2019, a retrospective study of 38 patients with thoracolumbar compression fractures conducted. The patients were divided into a 4-screw group (without IS) and a 6-screw group (with IS) according to whether pedicle screws were placed in the fractured vertebrae. Combined positional reduction effects with the technique of pre-contoured lordotic rods were used to reduce the fracture by lengthening the anterior column of the fractured vertebrae. The posterior structure of the fractured vertebrae was undertaken as the fulcrum point for both groups. The operation time, intra-operative blood loss, visual analogue scale (VAS), anterior vertebral body height (AVBH), segment kyphosis（SK）before and after operation and complications were recorded.ResultsAlthough the operation time and blood loss in the 6-screw group were higher than in the 4-screw group, difference was not significant (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS, AVBH and SK between the two groups (P＞0.05). Nevertheless, these results were significant differences between the preoperative and the immediate postoperative, between preoperative and follow-up groups (P < 0.001). No neurologic injury was observed in either groups. ConclusionsIn the treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures, percutaneous short-segment pedicle screws fixation without intermediate screws in the 4-screw construct may obtain the same clinical effect as that in the 6-screw construct.

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OHIS Differences on Primary School Students in Relation to Little Dentist Training

10.31219/osf.io/uxbks ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Asep Arifin Senjaya ◽

Ni Made Sirat ◽

I Nyoman Wirata ◽

Ni Ketut Ratmini

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Primary School ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Dental Health ◽

Control Group ◽

Primary School Students ◽

School Students ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference

Dental healthcare is very important since dental and oral hygiene should be maintained. Statistics showed that more than 80% of children in developed and developing countries suffer from dental disease. This study aimed to see the safety of OHIS (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified) in primary school students who got and did not get little dentist cadre training in Bangli Regency in 2019. The study was done in an experimental design: pre and post-test with control design, which was conducted in August-September 2019. The sample in this study is 366 students. The difference in OHIS scores before and after treatment in the control group and treatment group was carried out by the bivariate Mann Whitney U Test. The results of the study showed that before dental health training was conducted, there were 54.3% of primary school students in the treatment group with good OHIS score criteria, and after the training was carried out as many as 98.4% of the students in the treatment group had a good OHIS. Additionally, prior to the training, 57.5% of the control group had fair OHIS criteria score. Then, after the training was carried out, 73.7% of the control group had good OHIS score. Hence, the study concluded that there was a significant difference in the OHIS of primary school students who got little doctor training prior to and after the training. Also, there was a significant difference in the OHIS of the students who did not get such treatment before and after the training.

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