Interdisciplinarity and Crowdsourcing in Ecology as Reply to the Challenges of the Technogenic Civilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Petrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Crowd Sourcing ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Environmental Orientation ◽  
Separate Subsystem ◽  
Collective Agent ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

The main characteristic of the modern environment is the negative change by its people – destruction and pollution. Man is part of the biosphere and the technogenic transformations of the biosphere inevitably affect him. Under the influence of technogenic civilization, all spheres of human activity undergo changes, and science above all. Ecology is especially keenly aware of the challenges of technogenic civilization. It focuses on anthropogenic factors, works with the human environment. At the same time, its problem field is expanding due to interdisciplinary research and the allocation of knowledge of new environmental disciplines into an independent industry. The interdisciplinarity of modern ecology is most clearly visible on the example of such a direction as informational ecology. The presence of the digital environment in human life has grown so much that it requires the separation of the digital information environment into a separate subsystem. Information ecology studies the laws of the influence of information on the formation and functioning of man. In turn, interdisciplinarity, assuming the use of knowledge from various branches of science, brings us to the problems of the collective agent of cognition and distributed knowledge. In ecology, the problems of the collective agent of cognition are implemented through crowd-sourcing technology. Ecology is a science that requires massive collection of observation data (samples of water, air, soil pollution in various, sometimes hard-to-reach corners of the planet, observation of fluctuations in the number of species of animals and plants). The popularity of crowdsourcing projects in the field of ecology is explained by the fact that the challenges and threats of anthropogenic civilization have generated such a trend of our time as environmental orientation or environmentalism. Ecological crowdsourcing projects, inspired by the philosophy of environmentalism, can serve as an answer to the challenges of technogenic civilization.

Technical Considerations for Modernizing Nova Scotia’s Coordinate Referencing System

GEOMATICA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Bond
Keyword(s):  
Passive Control ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Crowd Sourcing ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Network Location ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Technical Considerations

The Nova Scotia Coordinate Referencing System (NSCRS) is Nova Scotia's current framework for providing location-based information. The NSCRS is the foundation for the province's geographic data, includ ing the land administration system. In 2012, the province began developing a modernization strategy to better execute its coordinate referencing program to address ongoing accuracy and accessibility needs. A net work of active control stations (ACSs) tracking global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) is at the core of the new strategy. In addition to providing better accuracy and accessibility to the NSCRS, the tech nol ogy has created new opportunities to sustain its passive control infrastructure. In 2015, the installation of 40 ACSs across the province was completed, providing industry with access to real-time, centimetre-level positioning. Over the course of the NSCRS modernization project, several tech nical considerations needed to be addressed pertaining to the design of the network, location of the ACSs, flow of the ACS data and the crowd sourcing of GNSS observation data to maintain the passive con trol sys tem. These technical considerations are reviewed and the solutions implemented to address the needs of this initiative are presented.

scholarly journals Detectable Anthropogenic Influence on Changes in Summer Precipitation in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
pp. 5357-5369
Author(s):  
Chunhui Lu ◽  
Fraser C. Lott ◽  
Ying Sun ◽  
Peter A. Stott ◽  
Nikolaos Christidis
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Anthropogenic Forcing ◽  
The Future ◽  
Light Precipitation

AbstractIn China, summer precipitation contributes a major part of the total precipitation amount in a year and has major impacts on society and human life. Whether any changes in summer precipitation are affected by external forcing on the climate system is an important issue. In this study, an optimal fingerprinting method was used to compare the observed changes of total, heavy, moderate, and light precipitation in summer derived from newly homogenized observation data with the simulations from multiple climate models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The results demonstrate that the anthropogenic forcing signal can be detected and separated from the natural forcing signal in the observed increase of seasonal accumulated precipitation amount for heavy precipitation in summer in China and eastern China (EC). The simulated changes in heavy precipitation are generally consistent with observed change in China but are underestimated in EC. When the changes in precipitation of different intensities are considered simultaneously, the human influence on simultaneous changes in moderate and light precipitation can be detected in China and EC in summer. Changes attributable to anthropogenic forcing explain most of the observed regional changes for all categories of summer precipitation, and natural forcing contributes little. In the future, with increasing anthropogenic influence, the attribution-constrained projection suggests that heavy precipitation in summer will increase more than that from the model raw outputs. Society may therefore face a higher risk of heavy precipitation in the future.

scholarly journals Anthropological Foundations of Global Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-281
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gzegorczyk
Keyword(s):  
Student Development ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual

The first Ukrainian translation of the text by Andrzej Grzegorczyk "Anthropological Foundations of Global Education". Andrzej Grzegorczyk (1922-2014) asks the question: is the current construction of the world educational system theoretically justified in terms of human cognitive needs in the modern world, and does it have prospects for development? The theoretical starting point for the rational substantiation of the construction of a modern educational program needed in our era can be represented by distinguishing two components of the picture of human life: 1) stages of development of knowledge of the child and 2) branches (spheres) of human activity to which the school should prepare. Andrzej Grzegorczyk offers his own vision of the sequence of formation of the student's personality. Based on the achievements of socio-evolutionary psychology, he proposes to correlate ontogenesis and phylogeny in education. The young human individual goes, in particular, through successive phases of development, in each of which in turn is dominated by the following four educational and developmental processes initiated by the natural human environment (as well as school). The stages of learning correspond, thus, to the prospects of student development: from the narrowest (family-tribal) perspective to the universalist, which is a synthesis of what tradition brings, as well as acquired knowledge and development of a sense of universal values. Thus, the stages (levels) of education can, in his opinion, be called as follows: 1) family-tribal, 2) traditionally national-religious, 3) individual-rationalist-scientific, 4) universalist-synthetic. The second dimension of the education program is the field / field of study. Presenting the problems of creative realization of values ​​in public life, they can be arranged according to certain parameters: guidelines for activity, way of seeing one's place in society, forms (mechanisms) of action to which the individual is usually subject or implements at this stage, related norms and positions. Among the positions of special attention deserves the experience of self-worth. In the formation of the educational system should include in the content of education the following topics related to culture, the following parameters: type of culture, the main idea of ​​culture of this type, characteristics of the richness of cultural production of this type and related type of knowledge.

Indigenous Communication and Traditional Health Practices Among the Yoruba During Pregnancy, Child Delivery, and Baby Caring

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Victor 'Tunji Taiwo
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Health Practices ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis

Communication is a vital aspect of human existence. It pervades man's existence and society, forming an integral part of human life. Communication is the means through which human beings express their feelings. Indigenous communication serves as the traditional means of conveying messages, all social and value exchanges of indigenous practice like the health practices. Traditional health practices include the use of knowledge skills, practices based on indigenous belief, experiences of culture used in maintenance of health-prevention, treatment and diagnosis in traditional health practices. This chapter examines and documents traditional health practices on how Yorùbás care for pregnancy, child delivery, and their babies. Such traditional health practices have existed since before the advent of modern health practices, thereby using indigenous communication for preservation and dissemination of valuable information that is significant for Yorùbá generations.

scholarly journals Evaluating forest fire probability under the influence of human activity based on remote sensing and GIS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Xiaoli Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Method ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Probability Prediction

Abstract. Fires are an important factor involved in the disturbance of forest ecosystems, causing resource damage and the loss of human life. Evaluating forest fire probability can provide an effective method to minimize these losses. In this study, a comprehensive method that integrates remote-sensing data and geographic information systems is proposed to evaluate forest fire probability. In our analysis, we selected four probability indicators: drought index, vegetation condition, topographical factors and anthropogenic factors. To evaluate the influence of anthropogenic factors on fire probability, a distance analysis from fire locations to settlements or roads was conducted to see which distance was associated with a higher probability. The forest fire probability index (FFPI) was calculated to assess the probability level in Heilongjiang Province, China. According to the FFPI, five classes were identified: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used as the validation method, and the results of the ROC analysis showed that the proposed model performed well in terms of forest fire probability prediction. The results of this study provide a technical framework for the Department of Forest Resource Management to predict occurrence of fires.

scholarly journals Problemy symulowania "sztucznego środowiska" habitatu z perspektywy sozopsychologii kosmicznej

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 575-594
Author(s):  
Jan F. Terelak
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Flight Simulators ◽  
Safety Barrier ◽  
Artificial Environment ◽  
Systematic Character

The article tries to develop a theoretical and methodological basis for modeling human being's artificial environment in spaceships. The author, as a founder of "cosmic sozopsychology" understands this as a subdiscipline of sozopsychology, underlines the necessity to build a safety barrier to maintain and protect human life in an extreme cosmic environment. It demands a very detailed knowledge of man ecology including upper and bottom limits of tolerance for stressful factors existing in space. These aims are very useful for flight simulators. Among others, there are very important so-called "ecological imitators" of human work and human existence on board spaceships. The detailed knowledge of all stress factors has systematic character, including objective and subjective interactions within the human-environment system.

scholarly journals Environmental terrorism - victimological aspects and preventive mechanisms

Temida ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-89
Author(s):  
Ana Batricevic ◽  
Nikola Paunovic
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Human Life ◽  
National Level ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Life Safety ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Subject

Defined extensively as committing ecological criminal offences with the intention to achieve political goals, environmental terrorism is a global threat to environment, human life, safety and health, as well as to the survival of flora and fauna. Environmental terrorism contains the elements of environmental crime and the elements of terrorism, which makes the position of its victims particularly complex. The subject of this paper includes defining environmental terrorism, analysing its phenomenology. Since this form of crime simultaneously harms and endangers environment, material goods, human life, safety and health, flora and fauna, the subject also comprises the study of the specific position of its victims. It is emphasised that longlasting and extensive consequences of ecological criminal offences make it difficult to determine promptly the victims of this form of crime, as well as that its victims are victimised twice: due to terrorist attack and due to negative consequences of ecological criminal offences (such as severe health damage) often emerging after several years. The subject covers the analysis of current international legal mechanisms for the prevention and protection of environmental terrorism victims? rights, including those dealing with terrorism in general as well as those relevant to the protection of environment from negative anthropogenic factors. Finally, the subject contains a critical analysis of legislative framework of the Republic of Serbia pertinent to the prevention and sanctioning of environmental terrorism, with focus on the provisions of current Criminal Code prescribing ecological criminal offences and terrorism. In order to achieve more precise tracking of the scope and dynamics of environmental terrorism and more adequate sanctioning compatible with its social hazard, the authors propose its incrimination as an independent criminal offence against humanity and other values protected by the international law. The purpose of this paper is to define environmental terrorism, analyse its forms and to examine current mechanisms for the prevention of victimisation from environmental terrorism and the protection of its victims? rights on international and national level. Moreover, the authors seek to contribute to the improvement of the quality of tracking and to the efficiency of prevention of victimization from environmental terrorism in Serbia by suggesting its incrimination as an independent criminal offence.

scholarly journals Pengenalan Dan Manfaat Teknologi Sdm Terhadap Anak Usia Dini Di Pondok Pesantren Darul Furqon Ramadhan Gunung Sidur Bogor

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermawan Hermawan ◽  
Iin Halimatus Sadiah ◽  
Galuh Mei Rexsa ◽  
Pitri Yuliza ◽  
Muhammad Rizky Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cellular Phone ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Technology Products

Perkembangan teknologi sudah sedemikian cepat sehingga mempengaruhi setiap aspek kehidupan manusia. Teknologi adalah penerapan pengetahuan ilmiah untuk tujuan praktis dalam kehidupan manusia atau pada perubahan dan manipulasi lingkungan manusia. Dan tidak disadari atas produk teknologi sudah menjadi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Penggunaan televisi, telepon, fax, cellular phone (handphone) dan sekarang internet sudah bukan menjadi hal yang aneh dan baru, khususnya untuk Anak usia dini. Sekarang ini perlu dilihat bagaimana pemanfaatan untuk memudahkan hidup manusia, karena selain memberikan kontribusi bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan, kemajuan dan peradaban manusia, sekaligus menjadi saran efektif untuk melakukan kejahatan. Hal ini berakibat kejahatan memiliki dimensi khusus yang beraneka ragam bentuknya. Yang semula bersifat konvesional seperti pengancaman, pencurian, penipuan dan perjudian menjadi lebih canggih, dan lain-lain.Kata Kunci: Pengenalan, Manfaat, TeknologiThe development of technology has been so fast that it affects every aspect of human life. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes in human life or in changing and manipulating the human environment. And not realizing that technology products have become daily necessities. The use of television, telephone, fax, cellular phone (mobile phone) and now the internet is not something strange and new, especially for early childhood. Now it is necessary to see how to use it to facilitate human life, because in addition to contributing to the improvement of human welfare, progress and civilization, it is also an effective suggestion for committing crimes. This results in crime having a special dimension that takes various forms. What was originally conventional such as threats, theft, fraud and gambling has become more sophisticated, and others.Keywords: Introduction, Benefits, Technology

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE AND EVALUATION OF IMPACT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN BIJNOR DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Rashmi Sharma Rawal ◽  
Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Agricultural Areas

From the beginning of human life, in the gradual development of its culture, various types of enterprises, businesses, economic activities and social development and its basic needs are obtained from the land. The study of the effects on human behavior and human functioning, the distance of the market from agricultural areas, market prices and agricultural production, demand of agricultural areas as well as the capacity of production, land production, density of cropland etc. were the questions that were studied Studies the impacts on agricultural land from a human social point of view. Agriculture is the most important aspect of the rural economy. Agriculture is the backbone of the sustenance and social development of all living communities. Along with the special production method and social ecologies of the area, the agricultural system and farming community, land ownership, availability of resources, size of holdings, agricultural land use along with social change of human environment has also seen changes in the agricultural state. Researchers by evaluating the effects of agricultural land use on social development in their area of ​​study Bijnor district to maintain the quality of land under environmental balance through scientific techniques and green agricultural development for various long term agricultural needs. There is a need and the plains formed from the fertile land by the rivers Ramganga and Kho are important for agricultural land use and crop production..   Hindi: मानव आदिकाल से ही अपनी संस्कृति के क्रमिक विकास में विभिन्न प्रकार के उद्यम, व्यवसायों, आर्थिक क्रियाकलाप एवं सामाजिक विकास तथा अपनी मूलभूत आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति भूमि से प्राप्त करता है। मानव व्यवहार एवं मानवीय कार्य प्रणाली पर होने वाले प्रभावों का अध्ययन कृषि क्षेत्रों से बाजार की दूरी ,बाजार का भाव एवं कृषि उत्पादन, कृषि क्षेत्रों की मॉंग के साथ-साथ उत्पादन क्षमता भूमि उत्पादन की क्षमता फसल भूमि की सघनता आदि ऐसे प्रश्न रहे जिनका अध्ययन मानव सामाजिक दृष्टि कोण से कृषि भूमि पर पड़ने वाले प्रभावों का अध्ययन करता है। कृषि ग्रामीण अर्थव्यवस्था का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण पक्ष है। कृषि समस्त जीव समुदाय का भरण-पोषण एवं सामाजिक विकास की रीढ़ होती है। फसलोत्पादन क्षेत्र विशेष उत्पादन विधि तथा वहाँ की सामाजिक पारिस्थितियों से कृषि व्यवस्था एवं कृषक समुदाय , भूमि स्वामित्व, संसाधनों की उपलब्धता, जोत का आकार, कृषि भूमि उपयोग को मानवीय वातावरण के सामाजिक परिवर्तन के साथ-साथ कृषि प्रदेश मे भी परिवर्तन देखा गया है। शोधार्थी अपने अध्ययन क्षेत्र बिजनौर जनपद में कृषि भूमि उपयोग का सामाजिक विकास पर प्रभावों का मूल्यांकन करके उसके भावी नियोजन की आवश्यकताओं को दीर्घकालीन विभिन्न कृषि भूमि उपयोग के वैज्ञानिक तकनीक एवं हरित कृषि विकास के माध्यम से वातावरण सन्तुलन के अन्तर्गत भूमि की गुणवत्ता को बनाये रखने की आवश्यकता है तथा रामगंगा और खो नदियों के द्वारा उपजाऊ भूमि से निर्मित मैदान कृषि भूमि उपयोग एवं फसल उत्पादन के लिये महत्वपूर्ण है।

scholarly journals Robotics And The Role Of Robots In Human Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Muxtasar Zayirjon Qizi Musayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Robotic Technology ◽  
Human Environment

This article claims that robotics has enormous potential to improve all aspects of human life. While these advantages are restricted to highly specialized environments such as factories, robotic technology has advanced to the point that it can now be used in the human environment on a daily basis. However, without a thorough understanding of how humans and robots communicate, this integration would fail.

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