Genocide, Memory, and the Difficulties of Forgiveness in Card’s Ender Saga and Ishiguro’s The Buried Giant

Renascence ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-267
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Burow-Flak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Martha Nussbaum ◽  
Unconditional Love ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Unconditional Forgiveness ◽  
Interpersonal Level

Orson Scott Card’s Ender Saga and Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Buried Giant explore the role of memory in aftermath of genocide; both authors employ fantasy and the metaphor of the buried giant to represent past slaughters. Although distinct in genre, the novels together demonstrate the tension between forgiving and forgetting in memory studies following the atrocities of the twentieth century. Forgiveness in the Ender saga falls short of the accountability embedded in “difficult forgiveness” as defined by Paul Ricoeur, as does the imposed forgetfulness between previously warring parties in The Buried Giant. Similarly, the fictions demonstrate, on a corporate scale, neither “unconditional forgiveness” as defined by Jacques Derrida nor “unconditional love” as defined by Martha Nussbaum. On an interpersonal level, however, The Buried Giant demonstrates the transformative powers of all of these practices, thus inviting reflection on how they might effect larger-scale reconciliations.

Archive Fevers

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Albena Yaneva
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Empirical Turn

This chapter reviews several developments in the social sciences and the arts that date back to the 1990s and motivated this study of archives as practice. It refers to Jacques Derrida and Paul Ricoeur as key protagonists that led to the rethinking of the role of archiving as a tool of memory. It also details the emergence of the trend of “archival ethnography,” which witnessed the advent of the archival turn in anthropology. The chapter elaborates how archival scholarship took an empirical turn in the mid-1990s, coinciding with the “archive fever” in the arts and the “archival turn” in anthropology that opened venues for investigating architectural archiving. It explores the realm of architectural practice wherein the computer radically changed working dynamics and led to the practice's own archival turn in the mid-1990s.

Ricoeur, Paul (1913–2005)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Philosophical Hermeneutics ◽  
Philosophical Orientation ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
Hans Georg Gadamer

Paul Ricoeur is one of the leading French philosophers of the second half of the twentieth century. Along with the German philosopher Hans-Georg Gadamer, Ricoeur is one of the main contemporary exponents of philosophical hermeneutics: that is, of a philosophical orientation which places particular emphasis on the nature and role of interpretation. While his early work was strongly influenced by Husserl’s phenomenology, he became increasingly concerned with problems of interpretation and developed – partly through detailed inquiries into psychoanalysis and structuralism – a distinctive hermeneutical theory. In his later writings Ricoeur explores the nature of metaphor and narrative, which are viewed as ways of creating new meaning in language.

scholarly journals Den uendelige parrhesi – teologiske eftertanker i anledning af en religionspædagogisk ph.d.-afhandling

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Carsten Petersen Pallesen
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Niklas Luhmann ◽  
Good Friday ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Language And Communication ◽  
Figurative Thinking

<p align="center">The article examines the role of narrative discourse in religious education and communication as represented in Kirsten M. Andersen’s Kantian approach. In Hegel’s Lutheran perspective figurative thinking is deconstructed in forms of interpretive narrative, the topos of the speculative Good Friday. On this account the words (and deeds) of Jesus should be understood as an unprecedented revolutionary <em>parrhesia</em>. Hegel’s pervasive awareness of the linguistic mediation, translation and appropriation anticipates the role of language and communication in hermeneutics and deconstruction. The proposed alternative to the Kantian account is inspired by Paul Ricoeur, Günter Bader, Niklas Luhmann, Jacques Derrida and Catherine Malabou.</p>

scholarly journals Stensalmer – selvforhold og parallelisme i Salmernes Bog belyst ud fra Günter Bader og Paul Ricoeur

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-102
Author(s):  
Carsten Pallesen
Keyword(s):  
Modern Philosophy ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Roman Jakobson ◽  
Psalm 22

The article, “Petrifi ed Psalms: Self-relation and parallelism in the Book of Psalms in the light of Günter Bader and Paul Ricoeur”, presents two systematic readings of the Book of Psalms: Günter Bader’s Psalterspiel 2009 addresses the Book of Psalms as a whole, while Paul Ricoeur offers an interpretation of Psalm 22 in the context of his intertexual reading of the Passion in St.Mark and within the symbolic network of the Biblical texts. In each of the two different approaches, the article adresses the question about divine self-relevation: the Name of God, in Ex 3:14 (“I am who I am”) and human self-relation as it is accentuated in a biblical formula of self-presentation: “I am poor” (ani/ aani). The article addresses the putative impact of biblical parallelism and self-presentation on modern philosophy of subjectivity in Herder and German idealism, classical strucuralism in Roman Jakobson and post-structuralism in Jacques Derrida and Gilles Deleuze. Leaning on Winfried Menningshaus and Bader it is argued that the Psalms have a role of a vanishing or repressed mediator for philosophy of subjectivity. This function is captured by the romantic metaphor ‘petrifi ed psalms’.

scholarly journals Asking for Narratives to be Recognized: The Moral of Histories

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Pierosara
Keyword(s):  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Collective Narratives ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
The Subject

This paper demonstrates an implicit connection between narrativity and recognition in the work of Paul Ricœur. This view is developed in three steps. First, it shows that the subject who calls for recognition demands that his or her own narrative be recognized. In order to be recognized, a story must be measured with history, particularly that of the victims. Second, from this perspective, the role of collective narratives is fundamental, because they represent the possibility to connect the intrinsic teleology of every human being to the collective attribution of significance. Finally, with the help of a little known essay by Ricœur, the metaphorical power of narrativity to configure meaning will be compared to the power of architecture to construct and to organize space. Both these fields give stories visibility and an ability to be recognized. 

After Of Habit

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-94
Author(s):  
Mark Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Henri Bergson ◽  
Lived Body ◽  
French Philosophy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Embodied Action

This chapter examines the reception of Ravaisson’s account of habit in later nineteenth- and twentieth-century French philosophy. The first two sections examine its reception in the work of Albert Lemoine, Léon Dumont, and Henri Bergson. The third section examines its reception in the work of the French phenomenologists and theorists of the lived body, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Paul Ricoeur. The chapter shows how Ravaisson’s account of inclination relates to these notions of the lived body. In conclusion, it shows how contemporary Merleau-Ponty-inspired accounts of pre-reflective, embodied action as a form of ‘coping’ can be extended by Ravaisson’s concern for tendency and inclination in motor habit.

scholarly journals A hermenêutica de Paul Ricœur no ensino de filosofia no ensino médio

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-166
Author(s):  
Fagner Veloso Silva Silva
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo: O ensino da disciplina de Filosofia constitui no exercício/atividade filosófica na sala de aula, pois através desta atividade buscar-se-á criar, inventar, reinventar e produzir novos saberes e ações que se configurem como uma experiência filosófica. A experiência do filosofar proporciona uma maior flexibilidade entre o pensar e o agir, tendo como finalidade a constituição do si do alunado. Como praticamente a aula de Filosofia no Ensino Médio consiste numa aula expositiva, a relação entre professor e o aluno, entre aquele que “explica” e aquele que “compreende” sugere a busca de algo em comum: interpretar o texto. Por certo, o primeiro e mais elementar trabalho de interpretação é captar aquilo que o autor se propôs ao escrever determinado texto. Por esta razão buscamos investigar quais são as contribuições de uma hermenêutica no Ensino Médio, tendo como finalidade a busca de uma “ferramenta” (hermenêutica) que o professor possa oferecer para seu alunado, proporcionando-lhes um meio de compreender a eles mesmos e o mundo em que estão inseridos, o papel da hermenêutica e sua contribuição para a vida dos alunos é a de auxiliá-los na compreensão da realidade que eles vivenciam, para que possam desenvolver uma melhor vivência em sociedade. Palavras-chave: Apropriação. Filosofar. Hermenêutica. Mundo do Texto. Abstract: The teaching of the discipline of Philosophy constitutes in the exercise/philosophical activity in the classroom, because through this activity will seek to create, invent, reinvent and produce new knowledge and actions that are configured as a philosophical experience. The experience of philosophizing provides a greater flexibility between thinking and acting, having as purpose the constitution of the student's self. As practically the Philosophy class in High School is an expositive class, the relationship between teacher and student, between the one who "explains" and the one who "understands" suggests the search for something in common: to interpret the text. Of course, the first and most elementary work of interpretation is to capture what the author proposed in writing a particular text. For this reason we seek to investigate the contributions of a hermeneutics in High School, aiming at the search for a "tool" (hermeneutics) that the teacher can offer to his / her student, providing them with a way to understand themselves and the the role of hermeneutics and their contribution to students' lives is to help them understand the reality they experience, so that they can develop a better experience in society. Keywords: Appropriation. To philosophize. Hermeneutics. World of Text.   REFERÊNCIAS GENTIL, Hélio Salles. Historicidade e compreensão das narrativas de ficção a partir da hermenêutica de Paul Ricoeur. In. PAULA, Adna Candido de; SPERBER, Frankl(Organizadoras). Teoria literária e hermenêutica Ricoeuriana: um diálogo possível. Dourados, MS: UFGD, 2011, p. 177-193. GRODIN, Jean. Qué es la hermenéutica? Tradução de Antoni Martinez Riu. Barcelona: Editora Herder, 2008. KAMESAR, Adam. Biblical Interpretation in Philo. In. KAMESAR, Adam. (org.). The Cambridge Companion to Philo. Cambridge: Editora University Press, 2009, p. 65-91. ORÍGENES. Tratado sobre os princípios. São Paulo: Paulus, 2012. RICŒUR, Paul. O si-mesmo como outro. São Paulo: Editora WMF Marins Fontes, 2014. RICŒUR, Paul. O conflito das interpretações: ensaios de hermenêutica. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 1978. RICŒUR, Paul. El discurso de la acción. 2ª ed. Madrid: Cátedra, 1988. RICŒUR, Paul. Teoria da interpretação: o discurso e o excesso de significação. Lisboa: Edições 70, 2000. RICŒUR, Paul. Del texto a la acción: ensayos de hermenêutica II. Editora: Fondo de Cultura Económica. México, 2002. RICŒUR, Paul. Hermeneutica e acción: de la hermenêutica del texto la hermenêutica de la acción. Buenos Aires: Editora Prometeo, 2008. RICŒUR, Paul. Historia y narratividad. Barcelona: Editora Paidós, 1999. RICOEUR, Paul. The Text as Dynamic Identity. In: VALDÉS, Mario J.; MILLER, Owen J. (eds.). Identity of the Literary Text. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1985. 175-186. RICŒUR, Paul. A hermenêutica bíblica. São Paulo: Editora Loyola, 2006. RICŒUR, Paul. Retórica, poética y hermenêutica. Madrid: Universidade autònoma de Madrid, 1997. SCHLEIERMACHER, Friedrich D.E. Hermenêutica: arte e técnica da interpretação. Petrópolis: Editora Vozes, 1999. UNESCO. Aprender a viver juntos: nós falhamos? Brasília: UNESCO, IBE, 2003. Disponivel em: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001313/131359por.pdf Acesso: 22/04/2018 THIOLLENT, Michel. Metodologia da pesquisa-ação. São Paulo: Editora Cortez, 1986.

scholarly journals Fragile Identities, Capable Selves

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W.H. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Martha Nussbaum ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Dominant Class ◽  
Economic Discrimination ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Struggle For Recognition

The spotlight that Martha Nussbaum turns on the plight of women in developing nations brings the disproportion between human capabilities and the opportunities to exercise them sharply into focus. Social prejudices, economic discrimination, and deep-seated traditions and attitudes all harbor the seeds of systemic injustices within governing policies and institutions. The refusal on the part of a dominant class to recognize the rights and claims of subaltern individuals and groups has both symbolic and material consequences. The power that one group exercises over another brings the refusal to recognize the rights and claims of others to the fore. Thanks to the moral priority that Paul Ricoeur accords to the victim against such refusals, I tie the fragility of identity to the idea of justice’s federating force. This federating force, I therefore argue, accompanies the struggle for recognition among capable human beings.  

scholarly journals Urdimbre sobre la universidad en la mercantilización del saber: Paul Ricoeur, Jacques Derrida, Boaventura de Sousa Santos

Tabula rasa ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 381-401
Author(s):  
Jorge Eliécer Martínez Posada ◽  
Constanza Abadía García ◽  
Leonardo Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Paul Ricœur

scholarly journals Ricoeur's theory of narrative time and one hundred years of solitude

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Luis Gustavo Álvarez Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Narrative Theory ◽  
Gabriel Garcia Marquez ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Twentieth Century Literature ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Cyclical Time ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Narrative Time ◽  
Century Literature

Paul Ricoeur´s narrative theory of time proposes that we, during our reading, move backwards and forward in narrative time and that “temporality springs forth in the plural unity of future, past and present” (167) . In utilizing his theory of time and the idea of cyclical time as a prominent characteristic in twentieth century literature, I attempt to apply his intriguing theory to an exemplary novel, One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967) by the Colombian Gabriel García Márquez. The essay demonstrates how the circularity of the imaginary travel and the linearity of the quest as such are thus put together. Indeed, time is circular and recurrent rather than rectilinear and progressive in this novel wherein readers are moved between present, past and future time.

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