Extensive Field Survey in North Central Bulgaria

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. TSUROV
Keyword(s):  
Danube Basin ◽  
North Central ◽  
Territorial Jurisdiction ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Area Survey ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Roman Province ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
The City

The Roman city of Nicopolis ad Istrum and its territory lie in north central Bulgaria. Although the exact extent of the ancient city's territorial jurisdiction is unknown, in general terms the location of its fertile heartland is readily identifiable. The hinterland of the city was within the Roman province of Thrace from the foundation of Nicopolis c.AD 108 down to c.AD 193 when it was transferred to the province of Moesia Inferior. It comprised three distinct regions with different geographical characteristics. The southern part included the upland slopes of the Turnovo hills. The middle region, where the city was located, included the river valleys of the Rositsa and part of the Yantra while the third formed part of the agriculturally fertile light soils of the Danube basin. Within this area, survey has identified more than 300 settlements, dating from the first to the sixth centuries AD, all of which have been recorded as part of the national programme for the identification and description of ancient settlements.

scholarly journals Increasing the accuracy of evaluation in selecting a location for establishing an intermodal terminal

2018 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 06004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetoslav Martinov
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Central Planning ◽  
North Central ◽  
The Real ◽  
Multicriteria Evaluation ◽  
The North ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Planning Development ◽  
The City

The present study is aimed at increasing the accuracy of multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives in selecting a location for establishing an intermodal terminal in the North-Central planning development region of Bulgaria. A model has been used in the paper that allows us to increase the accuracy of multicriteria evaluation of all studied alternatives. This has been achieved by converting the values of various units into identical dimensionless units within a defined interval. It makes it possible to do an evaluation of the alternatives by using the real values of the criteria. The model has been used for multi-criteria evaluation of the alternatives in selecting a location for establishing an intermodal terminal in the city of Ruse. The results have been compared with the results of a pre-feasibility study of establishing an intermodal terminal in the city of Ruse in the North-Central planning development region of Bulgaria.

scholarly journals DESING SPECTRUMS FOR THE CENTRAL NORTH OF QUI-TO AND SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF STEEL STRUCTURES USING THE CAPACITY SPECTRUM METHOD.

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Rodrigo Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Capacity Spectrum Method ◽  
North Central ◽  
Seismic Microzoning ◽  
Spectrum Method ◽  
Performance Point ◽  
Capacity Spectrum ◽  
Elastic Response Spectra ◽  
The City

The city of Quito lies on geological faults that have no surface outcrop but are moving with a speed of 2-4 mm per year. The last strong earthquake associated with these thrust faults, was rec-orded in 1587 and had a magnitude of 6.4; so it has been more than 400 years, there is a large amount of stored energy, and the probability of an earthquake occurring is very high. Therefore, this article presents, firstly, the periods of recurrence of these faults; then a microzoning of the north central part of the city and the elastic response spectra for 5% damped associated to the Llumbisi- La Bota segment fault, ILB. And subsequently, an analysis of nine steel structures from one to nine storeys assuming that they are situated in the following three areas of north central Quito: the old Quito Tenis; La Gasca and Benalcazar High School. Using the Capacity Spectrum Method MEC, the seismic response is found with the presence of three spectrums as prescribed in the Ecuadorian Construction Regula-tions NEC-11; the recommendation in the study of the seismic microzoning of Quito ERN-12 and those found in the seismic microzoning associated with the fault ILB. Three types of responses are indicated for each location, the structures situated in the old Quito Tenis present a performance point found using the Capacity Spectrum Method MEC; for those in La Gasca, a maximum lateral displacement is indicated in each storey; and the structures situated in the Benalcazar High School present maximum interstorey drifts. It should be highlighted that the lateral displacements and interstorey drifts are reaching the end of their performance, thus the conclusions to be found in this study about which spectrum the maximum response has could be inferred from any of the three structural parameters.

scholarly journals Defensive system of ancient city Volubilis. State of research and new perspectives

2017 ◽  
pp. 513-528
Author(s):  
Maciej Czapski
Keyword(s):  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
First Results ◽  
Field Information ◽  
Southern Border ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Roman Province ◽  
The City

This contribution presents the first results of two surveys (2014, 2016) in the vicinity of the ancient city of Volubilis, situated in the southern part of the Roman province Mauretania Tingitana. The main purpose was to assess the possibilities of non-invasive research of the forts established by the Romans as part of the defensive system of Volubilis and to investigate the character of the Roman defences on the southern border. Forts were connected with watchtowers which completed the system protecting the territory in question. Many interesting fragments of pottery have been found at those sites, which may confirm Roman presence in many, though not all points. Collected field information as well as the analysis of publications leads to the conclusion that the border defence arrangements at Volubilis might not be considered as a part of a centrally organised limes system, safe guarding the entire province, but as the defensive system of the city and its surroundings.

scholarly journals TOOLS IN VIRAL TIMES: QUESTIONING THE USE OF TECHNOLOGIES IN MEXICAN SCHOOLING PRACTICES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonso Casanueva
Keyword(s):  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Witch Trials ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Tools ◽  
Critical Theorist ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
The Many ◽  
Schooling Practices ◽  
The City

From 1929 to 1932, the German critical theorist Walter Benjamin broadcast a radio show intended for children, «Enlightenment for Children» (Aufklärung für Kinder). His program consisted of illuminating lessons that bound together culture and history in creative ways, to teach children about the world. Used as a tool for convivial purposes, the radio waves transported German kinder to the sites where witch trials happened, or to learn the secret language built into the city walls of Berlin, or to wonder about the life of the Romani and imagine the features of the many characters that formed part of Benjamin’s radio plays. It was an imaginative pedagogical exercise that has made me wonder about the possibilities of technological tools in the service of learning experiences.

scholarly journals Los principios pedagógicos de los clérigos de San Viator y su implantación en el panorama escolar asturiano (1912-1941)

2020 ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Andrés Martínez Cardín
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
North Central ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Neighbouring Country ◽  
The City

The presence in Spain of the French congregations devoted to education comes determined by the political events that took place during the III Republic in the neighbouring country starting at the end of 19th century. Like many others, , clergymen from San Viator, a congregation founded by the French priest Luis Querbes and devoted to education since 1851, arrived in Spain in 1903 with the aim of finding refuge and continuing their educational work. After settling  at a first stage in the city of Vitoria (Basque Country, Spain), they soon developed a program of foundations in the nearby surroundings which culminated with their establishment of a centre in Asturias (north-central Spain). With the approval of the diocese and the parish, they opened their first school in 1912, in the Asturian village of Cangas de Onís, which was soon followed by other twin foundations in Ribadesella and Infiesto. Our article undertakes to review their presence in the area - largely  ignored today in the school scene of our region - by analysing those pedagogic principles which inspired their dedication to the school, their educational offer and their capacity for innovating and adapting to the interests of an industrial society aspiring to secure a top-class education for their pupils. For this commitment they used, among other things the regional press as an advertising resource that was able to guarantee them the prestige attained in the region along their educational journey.  

How Did the Base Work?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon James
Keyword(s):  
Brick Wall ◽  
City Wall ◽  
Base Area ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Base Boundary ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City

We now consider how the military base area operated, as a zone where a large number of people lived and worked on a routine basis. On one hand, to function it required the affordances of its internal communications, connections with the civil town, and access to roads, river, and lands beyond the walls; on the other, there was a need for surveillance and control of activities within the base, and of movements across its boundary. The most obvious part of the base boundary (Plate XXII) is the substantial mud brick wall ploughed across four blocks from the city defences just S of Tower 21, and blocking Wall, A, C, and D Sts, with a gate established at B St. How the S boundary was defined E of D St has always remained an issue. If it was necessary to build a wall at the W end, why was this not simply continued all the way to, e.g., the S end of the Citadel? Across blocks F7 and F5 it seems that the boundary of the military zone simply comprised party walls between military and civilian-occupied structures. The same was true within block B2, by the Citadel, although the boundary probably comprised building frontages along Lower Main St. On the plateau, as the camp wall may have been a subsequent local enhancement, except where the amphitheatre formed part of it, the boundary may generally have comprised the rear walls of military-held houses lining the S side of 8th St—probably all properties from the city wall to H St. The course of the boundary along the W side of the inner wadi is unknown, but the base is suggested, as along 8th St, to have incorporated at least all properties lining the S side of the Wadi Ascent Road, if not encompassing all blocks on the wadi slope—in which case the boundary here may rather have comprised property frontages on K St. The base area was split by site topography into two major zones, the flat plateau, and the N branch of the inner wadi around the Citadel. Each was further subdivided.

The Wadi Zone Campus, Citadel, and C3 Bath

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon James
Keyword(s):  
Roman Period ◽  
Major Area ◽  
Military Base ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Military Control ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple ◽  
And Training

From the junction of H and 8th Sts, which gave access to the twin main axes of the military base zone on the plateau, H St led S to the bulk of the civil town and ultimately to the Palmyrene Gate, the steppe plateau W of the city, and the roads W to Palmyra and NW up the Euphrates to Syria. The fourth side of the crossroads followed a curving course SE, down into the inner wadi, then snaking through the irregularly laid-out old lower town to the now-lost River Gate, portal to the Euphrates and its plain. Of most immediate significance is that the Wadi Ascent Road also linked the plateau military zone with what can now be seen as another major area of military control, in the old Citadel, and on the adjacent wadi floor. The N part of the wadi floor is now known to have accommodated two military-built temples, the larger of which, the A1 ‘Temple of the Roman Archers’, was axial to the long wadi floor, which in the Roman period appears to have comprised one of the largest areas of open ground inside the city walls. This is interpreted as the campus, or military assembly and training ground, extension of which was commemorated in an inscription found in the temple. In 2011, what is virtually certainly a second military temple was found in the wadi close by the first, built against the foundation of the Citadel. This is here referred to as the Military Zeus Temple. Behind the Temple of the Roman Archers was a lane leading from the Wadi Ascent Road to the N gate of the Citadel. It helped define a further de facto enclosure, effectively surrounded by other military-controlled areas and so also presumed to have been in military hands. The Citadel itself, while in Roman times already ruinous on the river side due to cliff falls, still formed part of the defences. Moreover the massive shell of its Hellenistic walls now also appears to have been adapted to yet more military accommodation, some of it two storeys or higher.

scholarly journals Putney

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Gregory Blaxell
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Language Group ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Northern Boundary ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
The City ◽  
Additional Area

Putney is one of 16 suburbs that form the City of Ryde. Its western boundary is Church Street (but not including the properties facing Church Street) from the Parramatta River to Morrison Road. Morrison Road generally forms the northern boundary but an additional area has been added so that the Putney shopping centre and the Putney Public School are within Putney. The added area includes Parry Street to Acacia Street then a line drawn north to the southern boundary of Tyagarah Park. The eastern boundary is a line drawn in an almost southerly direction from the eastern end of Tyagarah Park to the eastern shore of Morrisons Bay.At the time of the arrival of Europeans at Sydney Cove in January 1788 the Wallumedegal or Wallumede were the traditional owners of the area that they called Wallumetta. This clan formed part of a large Dharug language group. 

scholarly journals The Study of the Scale through Space. Teaching Innovation Experience among Architecture Schools: Malaga, Seville and Palermo

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (21) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Susana Garcia-Bujalance ◽  
Manfredi Leone ◽  
Daniel Navas-Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Educational Innovation ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Teaching Innovation ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City ◽  
Academic Results

The educational innovation project object of this communication focuses on the scale problems that arise in the projects of territorial planning carried out in architecture schools, but also in the loss of the scale concept related to thought and drawing. The project involved collaboration among the Schools of Architecture of Malaga, Palermo and Seville with the aim of carrying out a practical exercise among the students of two subjects that, working on different scales, addressed similar concepts. In particular, following an PBL methodology based on collaborative projects, the planning of the N-340 road in the city of Nerja (Málaga) was carried out. Firstly, the territorial scale is addressed in the subject of Urbanism IV at the School of Architecture of Malaga, proposing the continuity of its development at the scale of landscape design in another place and with other designers of the course of Landscape Laboratory at the School of Architecture of Palermo. Besides, having verified that the academic results have been -in general terms- more satisfactory, the project has allowed consolidating the academic relationship between the three schools, which has translated into the development of complementary training actions.

Seismic Damage to Churches: Observations from the L’Aquila, Italy, Earthquake and Considerations on a Case-Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigia Binda ◽  
Claudio Chesi ◽  
Maria Adelaide Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Crack Pattern ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Classification Procedure ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
The City

The earthquake that hit the city of L’Aquila, in central Italy, on the 6th of April 2009 has severely damaged most of the heritage buildings of the area. Soon after the event, a first survey of damage to ancient churches and palaces has been carried out according to a predefined classification procedure. Subsequently, a more detailed damage analysis was started in order to facilitate decision on future interventions. For one of these churches, S. Biagio Amiterno, damage consisted in the collapse of the upper part of the façade, in the localized collapse of the main vault, and in an extended crack pattern in vaults, columns, and walls. This damage pattern is interpreted here as case study. In more general terms, the exam of specific case studies gives the possibility of shedding light on various issues related to the seismic behavior of the building typologies concerned.

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