Private Associations and Village Life in Early Roman Egypt

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-65
Author(s):  
Mario C.D. Paganini
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Village Level ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Roman Egypt ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Village Life ◽  
Private Associations

The papyrological evidence from early Roman Egypt shows that there was a close relationship between private associations and village life. Associations were very much intertwined and influenced each other. They belonged to the most important local institutions for socio-economic and cultural life at village level and played an important role for the construction of feelings of community. In an environment void of civic designations, associations could also provide the frame for the assertion of specific identities, just like membership in the priestly groups or the army, as well as facilitate relations with the state in areas such as taxation or compulsory services.

Self-Help and the State: Rural Cooperatives in Imperial Germany

1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Peal
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Unit ◽  
Individual Property ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Political Autonomy ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Village Life ◽  
Territorial States

The consolidation of territorial states in Central Europe undermined the local customs and institutions that had shaped village life since the Middle Ages. By the end of the eighteenth century unitary law codes overrode rural customs. By distinguishing between public and private law, these codes stripped the organized village community of legal substance. Police and judicial functions once performed within the community were assumed by bureaucrats, and the state meddled with the use of local resources by liberalizing marriage and residence laws. Deprived of political autonomy, the village did remain the core economic and social unit in rural life, controlling access to communal forests and enforcing the rules of three-field agriculture. In the middle decades of the nineteenth century this limited autonomy was undermined as well. Freedom of contract, security of individual property, free transmission of property between generations, and commercialization of landed property struck at the ability of villages to control their material world in customary ways.

Local Institutions at the Crossroads of Environmental Regionalism in Southeast Asia: State-Civil Society Interplays and Tensions

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Antonio P. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Interactions ◽  
Civil Societies

This paper inquires into the implications of the different discursive imaginations on civil societies and the state from the perspective of the social sciences, particularly political science and international relations. It focuses on some interfaces and tensions that exist between civil society on one hand, and the state and its bureaucratic instrumentalities on the other, particularly in the domain of environment and natural resources governance in the context of new regionalisms and of alternative concepts of human security. There is now a new context for regionalism in Southeast Asia, not only among state structures, such as the ASEAN and the various Mekong bodies, but also among local civil societies coming from the region. It is in this context that issues confronting local communities are given a new sphere for interaction, as well as a new platform for engaging state structures and processes. This paper illustrates how dynamic are the possibilities for non-state domains for transnational interactions, particularly in the context of the emerging environmental regionalism. This occurs despite the dominance of neo-realist political theorizing, and the state-centric nature of international interactions.

scholarly journals TREE PLANTS OF SPNA "BASHKIRTSEV'S HOUSE": STATE, VALUABLE IMPORTANCE, POSSIBILITIES OF REINTEGRATION INTO MODERN CULTURAL LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-141
Author(s):  
Viktor Volodin ◽  
Nikolay Kharchenko ◽  
Oleg Tregubov
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Natural Monument

The article analyzes the dynamics of the state of tree plantations in protected areas as a part of the historical formation process of the object. The complex of the main factors determining this dynamics has been considered. Based on the data of the study, the most valuable (from various points of view) structural elements of the investigated natural monument, including unique trees, are identified. The feasibility of the reconstruction of the object and possible approaches to it has been considered

scholarly journals The Role of Education in Socio-cultural Development of the Yakut Region in the Second Half of XIX – Early XX Centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Agrafena Innokentyevna Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Long Time ◽  
State Educational

Based on archival documents and previously pub-lished materials, an attempt is made to show the role of the pre-revolutionary education system in the socio-cultural development of the Yakut region. Si-beria was a place of exile for a long time and the state was in no hurry to develop education here. But the liberal reforms of 1860–1870 created the prereq-uisites for the development of the education system. The paper shows the formation and development of educational institutions in the region, provides in-formation on the number of schools and the number of students. The role of political exiles in raising the general cultural level of the local population is also revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that in the Yakut region, thanks to the state educational policy on education of foreign suburbs and public initiative, primary and then secondary educational institutions begin to open, which have had a signifi-cant impact on the socio-cultural life of the region.

scholarly journals Peranan Badan Pertanahan Nasional/Agraria Dan Tata Ruang Dalam Penyelesaian Sertifikat Ganda Di Kabupaten Banyumas

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ninik Hartariningsih ◽  
Esti Ningrum ◽  
Wahyu Hariadi
Keyword(s):  
Land Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT The number of cases or disputes in the field of land, one of which is due to the existence of multiple certificates, in which this problem can be caused by good ethics and good ethics. This is because land has a close relationship with humans, both for housing and for business. Therefore, the law requires the owner of land rights to register their land, so that they have legal guarantees and guarantees of their rights. Double certificates occur in the case of land being abandoned by a certified owner, for a period of more than 20 years so that the land grows with a thicket, which is then controlled by someone else in good faith for more than 20 years, then the person increases his right of ownership. This is justified by law because the person has controlled the land for more than 20 years, in addition, because the land has been neglected for more than 20 years, the right to annul the land is controlled by the State. Keywords: BPN/ATR, Solution, Double Certificate Abstrak. Banyaknya kasus/sengketa dibidang pertanahan, yang salah satunya adalah karena adanya sertifikat ganda, yang mana masalah ini dapat dikarenakan etikat tidak baik maupun etikat baik. Hal ini dikarenakan bahwa tanah mempunyai hubungan yang erat dengan manusia, baik untuk tempat tinggal maupun untuk berusaha. Oleh karenanya Undang- Undang mewajibkan sipemilik hak atas tanah untuk mendaftarkan tanahnya, agar mempunyai jaminan hukum dan jaminan haknya. Sertifikat ganda terjadi dalam hal tanah ditelantarkan oleh pemiliknya yang sudah bersertifikat, dalam jangka waktu lebih dari 20 tahun sehingga tanah tersebut tumbuh semak belukat, yang kemudian dikuasai oleh orang lain dengan itikat baik selama lebih dari 20 tahun, kemudian orang tersebut meningkatkan haknya menjadi hak milik.Hal ini dibenarkan oleh undang-undang karena org tersebut telah menguasai tanah tersebut selama lebih dari 20 tahun, selain itu karena tanah tersebut ditelntarkan selama lebih Dri 20 tahun, maka haknya hapus tanah dikuasai oleh Negara. Kata Kunci : BPN/ATR, Penyelesaian, Sertifikat Ganda

INNOVATIVE AND EDUCATIONAL PARADIGM OF FORMATION OF SOCIAL SAFETY – PREREQUISITE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Vira Kutsenko ◽  
Iryna Kinash ◽  
Hanna Yevtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Current State ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Educational Paradigm

The article is devoted to the consideration of the important issue of the implementation of the principles of sustainable development, in the context of the introduction of innovative education and ensuring social safety. It is noted that an important result of the implementation of the process of sustainable development is social safety as a state of protection of vital rights and freedoms of citizens, as well as a system of social and political events that provides this protection. An important role in ensuring social safety and sustainable development belongs to education, which has an innovative basis. Therefore, it is important to form an innovative and educational paradigm that would contribute to the creation of an optimal socio-economic environment for social safety and sustainable development. The article highlights the problematic issues of social safety and sustainable development that are now taking place in Ukraine. Poverty, unemployment, high morbidity, rising crime – all this negatively affects the living standards of the population and the state of social safety of the country. It is noted that the strengthening of social safety largely depends on the state of human capital and the development of the educational sphere. The development of education, raising the educational level of the population acts as a catalyst for socio-economic processes, allows those working in social production to realize the achievements of scientific and technological progress and participate in its development. The innovative educational paradigm aims to provide high quality educational services, create a competitive educational environment and ensure the training of competitive specialists, which implies the establishment of a close relationship between education and business. It is also necessary to actively use the experience of developed countries to ensure the positive impact of education on the achievement of social safety and sustainable development. In this aspect, the article analyzes the current state of the educational sphere in Ukraine. The ways of achieving stability and optimal development of the educational sphere are proposed, which should contribute to ensuring economic growth on the principles of sustainable development.

The Association of State Farmers and Its Role in Village Administration in Roman Egypt

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Thomas Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Natural Consequence ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Roman Egypt

This paper examines the role of the state farmers, their organisation and changes as a village institution in Roman Egypt. Since the cultivation of public land in Roman Egypt constituted one of the major sources of the income for the province, it is not surprising that the state farmers, usually called demosioi georgoi (public farmers), were one of the most important groups of the rural population. As public land was usually cultivated through a hereditary lease, the rural population saw the plots which were attached to their villages as their own property. It was, therefore, a natural consequence that the state farmers became involved in the management of their village’s affairs and in doing so cooperated with the local administrative officials.

scholarly journals Royal Patronage and Religious Tolerance The Formative Period of Gupta–Vākāṭaka Culture

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS BAKKER
Keyword(s):  
Formative Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
Royal Patronage ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Temple

AbstractPatronage by the royal court of religious institutions and foundations is one of the hallmarks of the development of India under the rule of the Gupta and Vākāṭaka kings (4th–5th centuries). This patronage was extended also to religious movements other than the king's own persuasion. The evolving culture of religious tolerance and enthusiasm is apparent in the temple monuments of the time. In this article we focus on four archeological sites where these developments become best visible: Udayagiri, Māṇḍhaḷ, Rāmagiri (Ramtek), and Mansar. The close relationship of the Gupta and Vākāṭaka realms is investigated in its local settings. Renewed attention is given to the ‘Mandhal Inscription, Year 5’ of the Vākāṭaka king Rudrasena II and the deity on whose authority the charter was issued: Muṇḍasvāmin. It is argued that the name Muṇḍa refers to no one else than the Gupta queen of Rudrasena II, Prabhāvatī Guptā. During the last decade, excavations in Mansar (5 km west of Ramtek) have brought to light the state sanctuary of the youngest son of Prabhāvatī, Pravarasena II. The findings there are placed within the tradition that can be traced back, through Rāmagiri and Māṇḍhaḷ, to the religious foundations in Udayagiri.

The place names of Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa: the Wellman polar expedition, 1898–1899

Polar Record ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 624-636
Author(s):  
P.J. Capelotti ◽  
M. Forsberg
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Business Manager ◽  
Place Names ◽  
National Geographic Society ◽  
National Geographic ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Large Island ◽  
Close Relationship

ABSTRACTIn 1898–1899, the first American polar expedition to Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa [Franz Josef Land], under the leadership of journalist Walter Wellman, added at least forty place names to the islands, of which many survive on modern charts. These include the main discovery of the expedition, the large island named for Scottish-born Alexander Graham Bell, then president of the National Geographic Society, along with numerous smaller islands, capes and waterways. The origins of several of these names are now confirmed using recently discovered notes in the papers of Wellman's brother and business manager, Arthur Wellman. They demonstrate the close relationship between Walter Wellman and the political, financial and scientific elites of turn-of-the-century Chicago, Illinois, Washington, D.C., and the state of Ohio, associations derived from Wellman's profession as a Washington correspondent for Chicago newspapers.

Fichte and the Echo of his Internationalist Thinking in Romanticism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla De Pascale
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
German Romanticism ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
Perpetual Peace ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Systematic Structure

This chapter argues that Fichte developed his international legal thought mostly in close relationship to Kantian cosmopolitanism, preferring like him a confederation of states as the model that could guarantee perpetual peace. In suggesting this construct, he was remarkably influenced by the German constitutional question. Much more than Kant, however, he highlighted the role of the economic relationships within the state as a central determinant for the relationships between states. What is more, in his further intellectual career, he takes a turn towards observations on the importance of cultural homogeneity, culture and the role of history. These elements put him in line with another tradition of international legal thought, that is Machiavelli and Montesquieu. With a combination of the Kantian systematic structure and these ideas, he became one of the most important thinkers in German romanticism.

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