scholarly journals Compilation and testing the reliability of questionnaires about the fear of blood extraction (venipuncture) among students of Medical Faculty of Kragujevac

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Suzana Milutinović ◽  
Ana Stanković ◽  
Sunčica Ivanović ◽  
Sanja Trgovčević ◽  
Tatjana Kilibarda
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Number Of Patients

It is of particular importance to use validated questionnaires to remove fear of needles and blood collection, as this public health problem has been observed in a large number of patients and may inadequately affect medical healthcare. The aim of the study was to conduct a research on the reliability of the questionnaire on the fear of blood sampling among students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac. The method used in this research was a cross-sectional study. The sample involved the students of medicine, pharmacy, dentistry and professional studies of health care at the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac (Republic of Serbia), a total of 300 students, which was 20% of the student population at the aforementioned faculty. The research instrument was the questionnaire The Blood-Injection Symptom Scale (BISS) which contained 22 questions. The research lasted one month during 2016. Statistical data processing was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Cronbach's Alpha value - 0.894 and other parameters used to determine reliability showed a high reliability of this questionnaire. After explorative factor analysis, three factors that most affect adverse outcomes for venepuncture were obtained - vasovagal symptoms that occur as a result of fear, fear of needles and consequences of puncture, and the fear of hospitals and personnel who take blood samples. The BISS questionnaire showed good reliability in the population of students of the Faculty of Medicine in Kragujevac and can be used in the general population for examining the fear of needles, the consequences of needle stings, fear of hospitals and people who take blood samples, and therefore to prevent these symptoms.

scholarly journals Investigating the compliance of COVID-19 protocols in the workplaces of Ardabil, Iran

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Asghar Lotfollahzadeh ◽  
Leila Rastgoo ◽  
Islam Shirinzadeh ◽  
Seyedeh Melika Kharghani Moghadam ◽  
Hossein Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Observation Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Current Outbreak

BACKGROUND: Workplaces are prone to the current outbreak- of COVID-19. Despite the production of the COVID-19 vaccine, due to some challenges in vaccinating all people worldwide, adherence to health protocols is still one of the ways to prevent infection. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the compliance of COVID-19 protocols in the workplaces of Ardabil, Iran. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional research conducted on the workplaces affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences between August and September, 2020. A researcher-designed checklist was completed once in early August and once at the end of September for the workplaces. Accordingly, these workplaces were inspected for any compliance with the COVID-19 prevention protocols by health centers during August and September. In addition, the number of patients with COVID-19 was determined for each one of the workplaces. RESULTS: The results showed that the highest increase was related to screening (57.8%) and the lowest change was related to personal hygiene (1.3%). The rates of increase in performance for small workshops, offices and industries were 35.4%, 33.1%and 12.4%, respectively. Moreover, a linear and inverse relationship was found between the incidence of COVID-19 and the level of observance of the OVID-19 prevention protocols. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, the inspection made by legal authorities led to the increased commitment of workplace managers to implement prevention programs, thereby increasing the observation level of these protocols in the workplace and reducing the incidence of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Identifying the Factors Affecting the Incidence of Medication Errors of Nurses in Teaching Hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Reza Yusefi ◽  
Parnian Nikmanesh ◽  
Zahra Kavosi ◽  
Ahmad Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Heavy Workload

Background: Medication errors are one of the major causes of injury to patients while receiving medical care. This study aimed  to investigate the effective causes of medication errors in nurses in educational hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 on 340 nurses from 10 educational  hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were analyzed using SPSS23 software . Results: According to the results, human factors have been the most important factor in the occurrence of medication errors. The most important causes of medication errors with respect to human, managerial and environmental factors include fatigue due to overwork (3.13 ± 1.16), method of supervision (3.06 ± 0.98) ,and heavy workload (3.00 ± 1.19), respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between human factors and  age (p = 0.024), gender (p = 0.013), employment relationship (p = 0.016), and marital status (p = 0.027), and between management factors and employment relationship (p = 0.034) and the number of patients under observation (p = 0.011). Conclusion: Considering the most important causes of medication errors, including fatigue due to overload, supervision methods, and heavy workload, using strategies to reduce fatigue due to workload, such as balancing nurses' work shifts and also holding workshops on supervision methods is recommended in order to improve the level of managerial competencies of nurses.

scholarly journals Clinical analysis of cardiac failure in post-myocardial infarction patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
R. Jaya Prakash Reddy ◽  
P. Vijaya Narasimha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of

Background: Cardiac failure is one of the common complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction. As CAD is the leading cause of death and post MI Cardiac failure also causing increase in rate of Mortality. It directs us to assess the complications of MI and to evaluate the precautionary & preventive steps of cardiac failure.Methods: The present study comprises of 50 cardiac failure patients with history of MI in the past and who presented with myocardial infarction with cardiac failure were included in this study. We excluded the patients who presented with Cardiac failure without Prior history of MI. This hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ongole, Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh. The study was carried out for a period of 1 year with informed consent.Results: In present study majority number of patients (33) show hypokinesia and 10 are found to have dyskinesia and only 4 are akinesia. In this study More than 50% patients are with history of anterior wall involvement. 36(72%) patients have elevated JVP, 34(68%) have cardiomegaly, 38 patients presented with PND. 29(58%) patients are DM and 35(70%) are HTN and only 6(12%) patients are neither DM, nor HTN.Conclusions: Cardiac failure is a common complication after MI. Most common presentations are breathlessness, chest pain, PND, JVP etc. Anterior wall MI on ECG either isolated or associated with other walls is the leading cause of post MI cardiac failure.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Healthcare-Associated Infections at the National Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. s78-s79
Author(s):  
Jussara Huamani ◽  
Walter Prudencio
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prolonged Stay ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Healthcare-associated infections are important because they constitute a public health problem due to the increase in morbidity and mortality that they produce in hospitalized patients, increased hospitalization costs due to prolonged stay, expensive antibiotic treatments and surgical reinterventions, not counting the social costs due to loss of wages and production, among others. Methods: We report the specific prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) in Edgardo Rebagliati Martin National Hospital, Perú, in 2020. We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study from July 27 to July 31, 2020. The medical records of hospitalized patients were reviewed according to the inclusion criteria. STATA software was used for descriptive statistical analyses. Results: In total, 1,217 hospitalized patients were included in the study. The prevalence of HCAI was 12.2% (149 patients). The prevalence of HCAI in areas where patients with the diagnosis of COVID-19 were hospitalized was higher (8.1%) than in common hospitalization areas (4.1%). Men represented 92% of the total number of patients with HCAIs. The most frequent infections were clinically defined pneumonia (30.9%) and bloodstream infections (20.1%). The most frequently isolated microorganism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusions: The prevalence of HCAI was 12.2%. The most frequent HCAIs were pneumonia and bloodstream infection.Funding: NoDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Treatment Adherence Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis of Selected Hospitals of Rupandehi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Pragya Shrestha ◽  
Neelam Shrestha ◽  
Ikshaya Rana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Fluid Restriction ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spss Software

INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem in Nepal. Adherence is the crucial factor in determining the morbidity and mortality of hemodialysis patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the hemodialysis adherence among 125 hemodialysis patients of Universal College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital and Crimson Hospital, Rupandehi. The data was collected by enumerative sampling using semi-structured interview schedule. The duration of the study was from June 16, 2019 to August 2, 2019. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS software version 16.0. RESULTS The study revealed 56.8% were adherent to haemodialysis in general. Likewise 62.7%, 77.1%, 74.6% and 48.3% were adherent to haemodialysis schedule, diet restriction, fluid restriction and medication respectively. There was statistically significant association between level of adherence to haemodialysis and education level (p=0.020), adequacy of family monthly income for haemodialysis (p=0.007), presence of care taker to haemodialysis centre (p=0.057) and haemodialysis hours in a session (p=0.002). CONCLUSION It is concluded that the haemodialysis adherence among patients is good in general but poor adherence to medicine. The adherence is influenced by education, family monthly income, presence of care taker and haemodialysis hours in a session. Hence it emphasizes on need for educating patients to enhance adherence to haemodialysis.  

The first semi-quantitative toddler’s food frequency questionnaire (T-FFQ) in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Bahreynian ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Roya Kelishadi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Dietary Records

Abstract. Background: Only few food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) have been specifically designed and validated for toddlers. There is no valid instrument to assess usual intakes of Iranian toddlers. The present study was designed to develop a FFQ, and to examine its validity and reliability among toddlers. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 in Iran. Mothers of 100 toddlers completed a semi-quantitative FFQ with 99 items as well as three non-consecutive dietary records. Data on maternal age, education, toddler gender, birth order, birth weight, current weight and height, and the age of beginning complementary foods were collected. By comparing the results obtained from dietary records and the FFQ, we assessed the relative validity. Reliability was evaluated by intra-class correlation coefficients between results of two FFQs administered with four weeks intervals to the same participants (n=20), as well as weighted kappa. The Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the level of agreement between two FFQs. Results: Mean and standard deviation (SD) of age was 32.71 (4.76) years and 22.42 (3.52) months, for mothers and toddlers, respectively. The FFQ showed acceptable validity and reliability. The correlation coefficients for the first FFQ were 0.82 (energy), 0.81 (fats), 0.60 (carbohydrate), 0.96 (calcium), 0.39 (iron) and 0.24 (vitamin C), all P-values were <0.001, except for vitamin C (P: 0.02). Reliability coefficients were between 0.77 (vitamin C) and 0.99 (calcium, potassium, phosphorus, zinc, riboflavin, vitamin B12, vitamin E and D). The Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.91, showing high reliability. Conclusion: The present study provided a thorough assessment of both validity and reliability of T-FFQ, and indicated acceptable validity as compared with three-day dietary records and good reliability. Therefore, this FFQ could be a useful tool to evaluate usual dietary intake of toddlers.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Reporting of Needle Stick Injuries: A Survey of Surgery Team Members in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Khatony ◽  
Alireza Abdi ◽  
Faranak Jafari ◽  
Kamran Vafaei
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
Safety Guidelines

<p><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>: </strong>Surgeons are one of the groups, most highly exposed to the risk of needle stick injuries at work. The present study aims to determine the prevalence and reporting of needle stick injuries during the first 6 months of 2012, in faculty surgeons affiliated to the Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.</p> <p><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>: </strong>In a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical survey, 29 surgeons were studied based on the census method. A reliable and valid questionnaire was used as a research instrument to collect the data. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.16 and based on descriptive and inferential statistics.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>: </strong>Among 29 recruited surgeons, 5 (17.2%) had needle stick injuries during the 6 months, only one of whom had followed the established guidelines about reporting and following treatment. The most common instrument causing injury was the suture needle (60%). Significant differences were found in both groups of the injured and non-injured in term of gender (X<sup>2</sup>=5.612, P= 0.003), and number of patients (Z= 2.40, P=0.016) and daily working hours (Z=2.85, P=0.04).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>In relation to the<strong> </strong>relatively high prevalence of needle stick injuries among the surgeons and their lack of reporting, it is suggested that the Safety Guidelines in the operating room are carefully observed. Moreover, safer and lower risk surgical Instruments should be used.</p>

scholarly journals Traumatic spine injury in Kashan, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Fakharian ◽  
Zahra Sehat ◽  
Mojtaba Sehat
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Spine Injuries

Objective: Traumatic spine injuries are seriously important and are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study is to determine the epidemiology of the traumatic spine injuries in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS), the main trauma center in Kashan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on all cases of traumatic spinal injuries that were admitted to Shahid Beheshti hospital of KAUMS from 2014 to 2017. A checklist was used to collect demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, marital) and mechanism of the injury of the spine. According to ICD-10, the level of the injury was detected by diagnostic tests such as radiologic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans, and also multi-trauma final outcome of the patients with traumatic spine injury (TSI) and rate of the spinal cord injury (SCI), hospital length of stay and surgery treatment was investigated. Results: The number of patients with traumatic spine injuries was 986. Among this batch, 77% were males. The mean age of the patients was 39.5 years. Most injuries occurred in the age group of 15 to 30 years. Traffic accident was the most common mechanism of the trauma (35.2%) followed by the falls (26.95%) motorcycle accident (17.9%), assault by a sharp object or an unspecified object (10.13%) and other reasons (5.6%). The most common site of injury was in lumbar section (24.41%). Patients with traffic accident injury had the longest hospitalization. The rate of SCI was 2.63% and the rate of mortality was 2.3%. Conclusion: The TSI is an important and serious public health problem and a major cause of disability. Understanding the epidemiology can help us contrive appropriate preventative measures.

scholarly journals EMERGENCIAS QUIRÚRGICAS POR ACCIDENTES DE TRÁNSITO EN EL HOSPITAL GENERAL DOCENTE AMBATO DERIVADAS POR ATENCIÓN PREHOSPITALARIA.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio Escobar Suárez ◽  
Diego Steven Muñoz Cabas ◽  
Carolina Elizabeth Villacís Uyaguari ◽  
Gabriela Patricia Guijarro Reinoso ◽  
Darwin Javier Navas Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Care ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Revised Trauma Score ◽  
Care Guidelines ◽  
Seriously Ill Patients ◽  
Hospital General

Introducción: Los accidentes de tránsito son un problema de salud pública, su atención y forma de presentación desde la atención prehospitalaria hasta las unidades complejas como hospitales son eventos graves en el Ecuador y han hecho que se considere uno de los países con mayores índices de mortalidad por accidentes de tránsito. Objetivo: determinar el número de pacientes evaluados por atención prehospitalaria por accidentes de tránsito que necesitan cirugías de emergencia. Metodología: Investigación no experimental, descriptiva y transversal, con una muestra censal constituido por 75 pacientes atendidos por atención prehospitalaria en accidentes de tránsito y derivados al Hospital General Docente Ambato de la Provincia de Tungurahua, en el período enero­-marzo del 2019, se utilizaron dos escalas un instrumento de atención prehospitalaria y el score de trauma revisado, el análisis estadístico se realizó por el software estadístico (SPSS Estatistics 20.0 para Windows), por medio del cálculo de la distribución numérica y porcentual. Resultados: De los pacientes con atención pre-hospitalaria en accidentes de tránsito predominaron los adolescentes de 12 a 18 años en 40%, pero los pacientes graves evaluados por la escala de trauma revisado la mayor frecuencia fueron los adultos de 27-59 años, el servicio de traumatología tuvo un 53.3% de los pacientes quirúrgicos y las complicaciones postquirúrgicas gastrointestinales representaron un 44.44%. Conclusiones: Los accidentes de tránsito, en su mayoría necesitan cirugías de emergencia, predominando las patologías traumatológicas, la escala de trauma revisado es una herramienta que permiten establecer pautas de atención para reducir la morbimortalidad Palabras Clave: prehospitalaria, emergencia, cirugía , trauma.  ABSTRACT Introduction: Traffic accidents are a public health problem, their attention and form of presentation from prehospital care to complex units such as hospitals are serious events in Ecuador and have made it consider one of the countries with the highest mortality rates for traffic accidents. Objective: to determine the number of patients evaluated for pre-hospital care for traffic accidents who need emergency surgeries. Methodology: Non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional research, with a census sample made up of 75 patients treated for prehospital care in traffic accidents and referred to the Ambato General Teaching Hospital of the Province of Tungurahua, in the period January-March 2019, Two scales were used, a pre-hospital care instrument and the revised trauma score. Statistical analysis was performed by statistical software (SPSS Statistics 20.0 for Windows), by calculating the numerical and percentage distribution. Results: Of the patients with pre-hospital care in traffic accidents, adolescents aged 12 to 18 years predominated in 40%, but the seriously ill patients evaluated by the revised trauma scale, the highest frequency were adults aged 27-59 years. The trauma department had 53.3% of surgical patients and gastrointestinal post-surgical complications accounted for 44.44%. Conclusions: Traffic accidents mostly require emergency surgeries, predominantly trauma pathologies, the revised trauma scale is a tool that allows establishing care guidelines to reduce morbidity and mortality Key Words: Prehospital, emergency, surgery, trauma.

scholarly journals Knowledge about Tuberculosis in outpatients who visited College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
N Manandhar ◽  
G Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Proper Disposal

Background: Now a days Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in the world. Number of deaths due to tuberculosis is highest among the infectious diseases. Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out from May 2008 to July 2008 in the different out patient departments of College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital. A total of 500 patients belong to age > 15 years who visited various departments of College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital were randomly selected for the present study. Interview technique was used to collect information on a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Results: Out of total patient’s interview, 59% and 41% were male and female respectively. Majority of the outpatients had heard about the Tuberculosis disease. 73.3% of the respondents opinioned that T.B. can be acquired by infection. Conclusion: The study population has satisfactory knowledge about the etiology and transmission of the disease. There was poor knowledge about proper disposal of sputum which is an important aspect in regard to transmission of disease. There is need of imparting knowledge to the people about proper disposal of sputum to reduce the spread of disease and mortality due to T.B DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joim.v34i1.9120 Journal of Institute of Medicine, April, 2012; 34:1 33-36

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