Variability of potassium content in the needles of Douglas-fir provenances of Canadian origin

The provenance test model is based on the analysis of growth, anatomical, physiological, chemical, mechanical, and other properties of an allochthonous species to justify its transfer from the place of origin to new ecosystems. Douglas-fir is one of the most common allochthonous conifer species in the forest plantations of Europe. Given that the analysis of different physiological properties of trees is important for the introduction of specified provenances into new habitats, this paper presents the results of an investigation of the variability of potassium content in young Douglas-fir needles of 14 Canadian provenances raised on two experimental sites in Belgrade. Potassium is an essential element involved in a number of biochemical and physiological processes and plays a significant role in the adaptation of plants on biotic and abiotic stress factors. Determination of the deviation of potassium content in the needles of each Douglas-fir provenance studied was performed using the Z-test.

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Variability of potassium concentration in the needles of Douglas-fir provenances

Glasnik Sumarskog fakulteta ◽

10.2298/gsf1920097l ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 97-116

Author(s):

Vera Lavadinovic ◽

Ljubinko Rakonjac ◽

Danijela Djunisijevic-Bojovic ◽

Zoran Miletic ◽

Filip Jovanovic

Keyword(s):

Potassium Concentration ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Essential Element ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Biogenic Element ◽

Test Model ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Provenance Test

Douglas-fir is one of the most common conifer species in the forest plantations of Europe. The provenance test model is based on the analysis of the properties (growth, anatomical, physiological, chemical, mechanical and other properties) of Douglas-fir in order to justify the transfer of seeds from North America to the ecosystems of Serbia. This type of program has been implemented in Serbia on several locations using different Douglas-fir provenances. Given that the analysis of different physiological properties of trees is important for the introduction of specified provenances into habitats in Serbia, in this paper the variability of potassium concentration in young Douglas-fir needles of different provenances was examined in an experimental field in Serbia. Potassium is very important in the physiological processes of plants. It is an essential element involved in a number of biochemical and physiological processes and plays a significant role in the adaptation of plants on biotic and abiotic stress factors. The highest potassium concentration was found in the ?Oregon 205-14? provenance - the only provenance in which the potassium concentration was significantly higher than the average value, so it can be characterized as a superior provenance for the uptake and accumulation of this element. It was found that, at this stage of development, the differences in the potassium concentration in trees in the provenance test have no significant effect on growth parameters. Further studies should show whether the concentration of this biogenic element in any way affects other properties important for the selection of provenances during the introduction process, such as resistance to stress factors.

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GRAFTED TOMATOES – ECOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR CHEMICAL DISINFECTION OF SOIL

GEOLINKS Conference proceedings, Book 1 Volume 2 ◽

10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/21 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dorin Sora ◽

Mădălina Doltu

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Abiotic Stress Factors ◽

Increase Productivity ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Chemical Disinfection

This study aimed to identification of an ecological alternative for the chemical disinfection of soil in the greenhouses from Romania. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most popular vegetable crops in the world. The carbohydrate, vitamins, salts of important mineral elements and organic acids content of tomato fruits is very important. Tomato crops are very sensitive to climatic vagaries, so fluctuation in climatic parameters at any phase of growth can affect the yield and the fruit quality. Grafting on Solanaceae is a method which has improved and spread quickly during the past years, a similar approach to crop rotation, a practice meant to increase productivity, resistance or tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress factors and at increasing fruit quality. The research was conducted in a glass greenhouse of the Horting Institute, Bucharest, Romania. The biological material used was a Romanian tomato hybrid (Siriana F1), a Dutch tomato hybrid (Abellus F1) and four rootstocks, a Dutch tomato hybrid (Emperador F1) and three Romanian tomato cultivars (L542, L543 and L544) obtained from the Research and Development Station for Vegetable Growing, Buzău, Romania. The rootstocks have had resistance to biotic stress factors (soil diseases and pests) and the chemical disinfection of soil has was eliminated. The result of this research are presented in this paper.

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Activation of the Promoter of the Tnt1 Retrotransposon in Tomato After Inoculation with the Fungal Pathogen Cladosporium fulvum

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi.1999.12.7.592 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 592-603 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Corinne Mhiri ◽

Pierre J. G. M. De Wit ◽

Marie-Angèle Grandbastien

Keyword(s):

Transcriptional Activation ◽

Fungal Pathogen ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Cladosporium Fulvum ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress Factors ◽

Biological Responses ◽

Leaf Tissues ◽

Specific Factors

The copia-like Tnt1 element of tobacco is one of the few active plant retrotransposons and is transcriptionally activated, in tobacco and in heterologous species, by biotic and abiotic stress factors. In order to establish more precisely the link between Tnt1 activation and plant defense responses, the expression of the Tnt1 promoter was studied in a gene-for-gene pathosystem, the interaction between tomato and the fungal pathogen Cladosporium fulvum. In compatible interactions, Tnt1 expression is highly induced throughout the leaf regions colonized by the fungus, while in incompatible interactions Tnt1 induction is transient and localized in distinct foci. Tnt1 expression after fungal inoculation parallels the differential activation of tomato defense genes. Tnt1 expression is induced by nonspecific factors of plant or fungal origin present in apoplastic fluids of leaf tissues infected by virulent races of C. fulvum, but is also activated by specific factors resulting from the interaction between fungal avirulence peptides and plant resistance genes. Tnt1 activation by apoplastic fluids containing avirulence peptides of C. fulvum is detected soon after elicitation. These results demonstrate that Tnt1 transcriptional activation correlates with biological responses of tomato to infection by C. fulvum and is mediated through signals originating from both race-specific and non-race-specific perception pathways.

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Variability of nitrogen content in the needles of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii Mir/Franco) provenances

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1102407l ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 407-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vera Lavadinovic ◽

Vasilije Isajev ◽

Zoran Miletic ◽

Milun Krstic

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Content ◽

Mineral Nutrition ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Native Range ◽

Adaptive Potential ◽

Small Areas ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Provenance Test ◽

The Usa ◽

Geographical Characteristics

Nitrogen content in the needles of twenty Douglas-fir provenances, originating from different sites within the native range of the species in the USA, was studied in a Douglas-fir provenance test established at the montane beech site on acid brown soil. Based on the variability of nitrogen content in the needles, the intensity and dynamics of the physiological processes of Douglas-fir mineral nutrition were analyzed as the indicators of Douglas-fir adaptive potential to the sites in Serbia. All the trees of the study provenances were of the same age and grown under the same site and population conditions. The quantities of nitrogen absorbed in Douglas-fir needles were correlated with the geographical characteristics of the native sites of the observed provenances. The differences in nitrogen content in Douglas-fir needles point out the variability in the intensity of the physiological processes in the genotypes of the different provenances. Since the study Douglas-fir trees are cultivated on relatively small areas, in more or less equal general conditions, it can be concluded that the parameters of mineral nutrition depend on the genotypes constituting the gene pool of the study Douglas-fir provenances.

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Variability in Breeding Pool of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) for Yield, Quality and Resistance to Different Biotic and Abiotic Stress Factors

Sugar Tech ◽

10.1007/s12355-014-0301-x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 107-115

Author(s):

A. Anna Durai ◽

M. N. Premachandran ◽

P. Govindaraj ◽

P. Malathi ◽

R. Viswanathan

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Saccharum Spp ◽

Abiotic Stress Factors ◽

Yield Quality ◽

Breeding Pool

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Крымский бисер – новый бессемянный сорт винограда селекции Института «Магарач»

Magarach. Vinogradstvo i Vinodelie ◽

10.35547/im.2020.21.1.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

V.V. Likhovskoi ◽

V.A. Volynkin ◽

I.A. Vasylyk ◽

A.A. Polulyakh ◽

S.V. Levchenko

Keyword(s):

Frost Resistance ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Laboratory Research ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

High Productivity ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Abiotic Stress Factors ◽

Training Technique ◽

Early Ripening ◽

Production Period

Селекционерами Института Магарач в результате целенаправленной селекции создан новый бессемянный сорт винограда столового направления использования, отличающийся от сорта-эталона Кишмиш лучистый очень ранним сроком созревания, высокой продуктивностью, относительно высокой устойчивостью к биотическим и абиотическим стресс-факторам биосферы, нарядной гроздью и ягодой, и высоким качеством столового винограда. Элитная форма, оформленная как новый сорт винограда, выделена из популяции сеянцев комбинации скрещивания Подарок Запорожью (колх.) х Русбол улучшенный (колх.) 2009 г. при комплексном изучении популяций столовых форм винограда очень раннего срока созревания. В статье представлены основные ампелографические и биолого-хозяйственные параметры, которыми характеризуется новый перспективный сорт: очень ранний срок созревания (5 августа), продукционный период 110 дней. В результате экспериментальных лабораторных исследований по определению морозоустойчивости сортов и элитных форм винограда установлена средняя морозоустойчивость сорта Крымский бисер (до минус 21 С). Рекомендуемая форма куста кордон на среднем штамбе. Нагрузка 6 глазков на рожке (4 рожка). Схема посадки 3 х 1,5 м. Профилактические обработки против грибных болезней 34 раза в сезон. Возделывание сорта Крымский бисер в производственных насаждениях Южного берега Крыма позволит получать чистую прибыль с 1 га насаждений 1896.0 тыс. руб. ежегодно.As a result of targeted selection, plant selection breeders of the Institute Magarach created a new seedless cultivar of table grapes distinguished from the standard cultivar Kishmish luchistyi by a very early ripening date, high productivity, relatively high resistance to biotic and abiotic stress-factors of the biosphere, elegant bunch and berry, and high quality of table grapes. The elite form formally established as a new grape cultivar has been singled out from the seedlings population Podarok Zhaporozhyu (colchicine treated) x Rusbol ulutshennyi (colchicine treated) as a result of a cross performed in 2009 under a complex study of a population of table grape forms of a very early ripening date. The article summarizes the main ampelographic, biological and commercial parameters characteristic of the new promising cultivar: very early ripening date (5th of August), production period 110 days. Laboratory research on frost-resistance of cultivars and elite grapevine forms established average frost resistance of Krymski biser cultivar (up to -21 degrees Celsius). The recommended bush training technique is a medium trunk cordon. The load of 6 eyes on cane (4 canes on bush). The planting scheme is 3x1.5 m. Prophylactic treatment against fungal diseases 34 times per year. Cultivation of Krymski biser cultivar in commercial vineyards of the southern coast of Crimea will allow obtaining a yearly net profit of 1896.0 thousand roubles from 1 ha of plantations.

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The Impact of Biotic and Abiotic Stress Factors on Development of European Ash Tissue Cultures

Forests ◽

10.3390/f13010059 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Katarzyna Nawrot-Chorabik ◽

Małgorzata Sułkowska ◽

Małgorzata Osmenda ◽

Vasyl Mohytych ◽

Ewa Surówka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Tissue Cultures ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Pathogenic Potential ◽

Abiotic Stress Factors ◽

The Impact ◽

European Ash

Fraxinus excelsior L. is threatened by a variety of environmental factors causing a decline of the species. The most important biotic factors negatively affecting the condition of the F. excelsior population are fungi such as the pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Abiotic factors with potentially harmful effect to the F. excelsior population are the accumulation of heavy metals and salinity in soils. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of selected biotic and abiotic stress factors to determine which of them pose a threat to European ash. The study was conducted using in vitro techniques based on callus and seedlings regenerated via indirect organogenesis. Tissue cultures exclude the influence of other factors, including the environmental impact on ash extinction. The results confirmed very strong pathogenic potential of H. fraxineus in which after 14 days the callus tissue cells died as the tissue failed to activate its defense mechanisms. Experiments showed the high toxicity of cadmium in concentration of 0.027 mmol/L. Salinity caused the activity of oxidation enzymes to vary among seedlings and calluses in the control suggesting the enzymes play a role in controlling the morphogenetic development of tissue cultures.

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Genetic modifications as a future prospect in the improvement of the major qualitative traits of cereals. A review

Agronomy Science ◽

10.24326/as.2016.3.4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 37-50

Author(s):

KAROLINA DUDZIAK ◽

MICHAŁ NOWAK ◽

KRZYSZTOF KOWALCZYK

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Development ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Direct Gene Transfer ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Economic Significance ◽

Abiotic Stress Factors

Progress in cereals transformation which can be observed for last two decades has great importance in the development of plant science and agriculture. So far, non-vector techniques, particularly direct gene transfer using „gene gun”, have been often applied in cereals transformation. However, agrobiotechnology achievements enabled cereals transformation with the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Initially, it was believed that this technique cannot be applied to cereals because monocotyledones are outside the host range of the crown gall disease. Nowadays, the top five cereals with the highest economic significance – rice (Oryza sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) are quite efficiently transformed by A. tumefaciens. By means of molecular genetic tools it is possible to obtain cereals with new, improved traits. The present paper is focused on agricultural development which can by observed by the application of GM cereals tolerant to biotic and abiotic stress factors. Moreover, we summarized the latest achievements in cereals transformation.

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Impact of Carbon Nanomaterials on the Antioxidant System of Tomato Seedlings

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20235858 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (23) ◽

pp. 5858 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yolanda González-García ◽

Elsy Rubisela López-Vargas ◽

Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego ◽

Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza ◽

Susana González-Morales ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanomaterials ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Root Weight ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Antioxidant Responses ◽

Tomato Seedlings ◽

Abiotic Stress Factors ◽

Carbon Based Nanomaterials

Tomato is one of the most economically important vegetables worldwide and is constantly threatened by various biotic and abiotic stress factors reducing the quality and quantity in the production of this crop. As an alternative to mitigate stress in plants, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have been used in agricultural areas. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the antioxidant responses of tomato seedlings to the application via foliar and drench of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (GP). Different doses (10, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg L−1) and a control were evaluated. The results showed that the fresh and dry root weight increased with the application of CNMs. Regarding the antioxidant responses of tomato seedlings, the application of CNMs increased the content of phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, glutathione, photosynthetic pigments, activity of the enzyme’s ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase as well as the content of proteins. Therefore, the use of carbon-based nanomaterials could be a good alternative to induce tolerance to different stress in tomato crop.

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