scholarly journals Trends in the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer in Lithuania from 1993 to 2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Aušvydas Patašius ◽  
Agnė Ulytė ◽  
Albertas Ulys ◽  
Giedrė Smailytė
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Mortality Trend ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Reduction Of Mortality

Background. The aim of this paper is to analyse trends of kidney cancer incidence and mortality in Lithuania during the period of 1993 to 2012 using joinpoint regression models with special attention to changes in the distribution of stages. Materials and methods. The study was based on all cases of kidney cancer reported to the Lithuanian Cancer Registry between 1993 and 2012. Age group-specific rates and standardized rates were calculated for each sex, using the direct method (world standard population). The joinpoint regression model was used to provide the estimated annual percentage change and to detect points in time where significant changes in the trends occur. Results. During the study period the age-standardized incidence rates increased from 16.89/100,000 in 1993 to 27.77/100,000 in 2012 in males, and from 7.95/100,000 to 13.44/100,000 in females. During this period, annual percentage changes in the age-standardized rates were 2.33% and 1.81% for males and females, respectively. The joinpoint analysis by stage of disease showed the highest increase in stage I kidney cancer, with statistically significant trend change in 2002 for males and in 2001 for females. During the study period, age-standardized mortality rates decreased from 10.42/100,000 in 1993 to 8.96/100,000 in 2012 in males, and from 4.54/100,000 to 3.9/100,000 in females. Conclusions. The kidney cancer incidence rate in Lithuania rose during the period of 1993 to 2012. The detailed analysis by stage showed the most significant increase in organ-confined incidence of kidney cancer. A stable mortality trend for males and a decreasing mortality trend for females along with increased incidence of early stage kidney cancer indicate that both earlier detection and modern treatment modalities may contribute to the reduction of mortality.

scholarly journals Trends in Pancreatic Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Lithuania, 1998–2015

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Povilas Kavaliauskas ◽  
Audrius Dulskas ◽  
Inga Kildusiene ◽  
Rokas Arlauskas ◽  
Rimantas Stukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Tnm Classification ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Cancer Of The Pancreas ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
First Time

Background: Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. The aim of this study was to examine the time trends in the incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer for the period of 1998–2015 for the first time in Lithuania by sex, age, subsite, and stage. Methods: This study was based on all cases (deaths) of pancreatic cancer diagnosed between 1998 and 2015. Age-standardized incidence (mortality) rates and group-specific rates were calculated for each sex using the direct method (European Standard). TNM classification-based information reported to the cancer registry was grouped into three categories: (1) localized cancer: T1-3/N0/M0; (2) cancer with regional metastasis: any 1-3/N+/M0; (3) advanced cancer: any T/any N/M+. Joinpoint regression was used to provide annual percentage changes (APCs) and to detect points in time where statistically significant changes in the trends occurred. Results: Overall, 8514 pancreatic cancer cases (4364 in men and 3150 in women) were diagnosed and 7684 persons died from cancer of the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer incidence rates were considerably lower for women than for men, with a female:male ratio of 1:2. Incidence rates changed during the study period from 14.2 in 1998 to 15.0/100,000 in the year 2015 in men, and from 6.7 to 9.8/100,000 in women. Incidence rates over the study period were stable for men (APC = 0.1%) and increasing for women by 1.1% per year. Similarly, mortality rates increased in women by 0.9% per year, and were stable in men. During the study period, incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer were close. For the entire study period, rates increased significantly in the 50–74 years age group; only cancer of the head of pancreas showed a decline by 0.9%, while tail and not-specified pancreatic cancer incidence increased by 11.4% and 4.51%, respectively. Conclusions: The increasing pancreatic cancer incidence trend in the Lithuanian population may be related to the prevalence of its main risk factors (smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, diet, and diabetes).

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer in Lebanon: Incidence, Temporal Trends, and Comparison to Regional and Western Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482199686
Author(s):  
Najla A. Lakkis ◽  
Ola El-Kibbi ◽  
Mona H. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
P Value ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence ◽  
Males And Females

Global trends in the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer show a steady increase with significant predilection to western developed countries, possibly linking it to westernized lifestyles among other risk factors. This study aims to investigate the incidence and trends of colorectal cancer in Lebanon, a country in the Middle East and North Africa region, and to compare these rates to those in regional and western countries. Colorectal cancer incidence data were extracted from the Lebanese National Cancer Registry for the currently available years 2005 to 2016. The calculated age-standardized incidence rates and age-specific rates were expressed as per 100,000 population. The age-standardized incidence rates of colorectal cancer in Lebanon increased from 16.3 and 13.0 per 100,000 in 2005 to 23.2 and 20.2 per 100,000 in 2016, among males and females, respectively. The incidences were higher for males, and they increased with age. The annual percent change was +4.36% and +4.45%, in males and females respectively (p-value < 0.05). There was a non-statistically significant trend of decrease in recent years (since 2012 in males and since 2011 in females). The age-standardized incidence rates in Lebanon were higher than those in the majority of the regional countries, but lower than the rates in developed western countries. There were high age-specific incidence rates at age groups 40-44 and 45-49 years in Lebanon in both males and females (with significant rising temporal trend) compared to other countries, including the ones reported to have the highest colorectal cancer age-standardized incidence rate worldwide. Therefore, the burden of colorectal cancer is significant in Lebanon. This raises the necessity to develop national strategies tailored to reduce colorectal cancer incidence through promoting healthy lifestyles, raising awareness, and early detection as of 40 years of age.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer in Young and Older Adults in Uruguay: Changes in Recent Incidence and Mortality Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8232
Author(s):  
Carina Musetti ◽  
Mariela Garau ◽  
Rafael Alonso ◽  
Marion Piñeros ◽  
Isabelle Soerjomataram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence

Uruguay has the highest colorectal cancer incidence rates in Latin America. Previous studies reported a stable incidence and a slight increase in mortality among males. We aimed to assess colorectal cancer incidence (2002–2017) and mortality trends (1990–2017) by age groups and sex, using data from the National Cancer Registry. Annual percent changes (APCs) were estimated using joinpoint regression models. We included 27,561 colorectal cancer cases and 25,403 deaths. We found an increasing incidence among both males and females aged 40–49, with annual increases of 3.1% (95%CI: 1.21–5.03) and 2.1% (95%CI: 0.49–3.66), respectively, and an increasein the rate in older males (70+) of 0.60% (95%CI: 0.02–1.20) per year between 2002 and 2017. Mortality remained stable among those younger than 50, whereas it decreased for older females aged 50–69 and 70+ (APC: −0.61% (−1.07–0.14) and −0.68% (−1.02–0.34), respectively), and increased for the oldest males (70+; APC: 0.74 (0.47–1.01)). In conclusion, we found rising colorectal cancer incidence accompanied by stable mortality in young adults. Sex disparities were also found among the older adults, with a more favorable pattern for females. Exposures to dietary and lifestyle risk factors, and inequalities in access to and awareness of screening programs, are probably among the main underlying causes and deserve further investigation.

Stage migration in breast cancer: Better detection or semantics in staging?

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18800-e18800
Author(s):  
Leah Elson ◽  
Nadeem Bilani ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Elizabeth Blessing Elimimian ◽  
Diana Saravia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Stage Migration ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Best Fit

e18800 Background: As oncology treatment has evolved to become more individualized, prognostic rationale has also undergone important changes. In breast cancer, disease staging was historically based upon anatomic features of the primary tumor, in combination with involvement of adjacent/distant tissues. However, as the understanding of molecular/genomic involvement became more advanced, staging definitions were redefined to incorporate receptors, histologic grade, and genetic expression. In this analysis, we use autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting to understand how AJCC updates to prognostic definitions have contributed to stage migration, and to comment on whether better detection, or definitional changes, may be responsible for the increasing incidence in early stage breast cancer. Methods: In this time series forecast, ARIMA models, per stage (early: stage I/II vs. late: stage III/IV) were constructed based on 2004-2016 historic breast cancer incidence rates, as reported by the NCDB. Multiple models were generated, using differing autoregressive parameters; the most predictive model was chosen using the lowest Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) to ensure best fit. Similar methodology has already been published to predict prostate cancer incidence. The best fit models were applied to forecast annual incidence, in the NCDB, in 2017. These data were compared to the real-world data captured in 2017. Statistics were performed using modeling systems in SPSS, version 27. Results: n=1,661,971 cases were included for these models, and 12 years of pre-AJCC updated NCDB breast cancer data were used. Using ARIMA modeling, best fit, stationary averages were identified, with autoregressive and difference terms which contributed to the lowest BIC, and MAPE < 5%, for both models. The best fit models forecasted 2017 incidence, by stage, without AJCC updates to staging criteria, and this data is compared to actual 2017 incidence with current updated AJCC 8th staging criteria (Table). Conclusions: During 2017, the first year of AJCC staging updates, there was an observed decrease in late stage diagnoses, and increase in early stage diagnoses, when compared with incidence rates that were forecasted using the old, anatomic AJCC criteria. Therefore, part of the stage migration noted may be a product of staging semantics, using updated definitions. Confirming appropriate improvement in long-term outcomes, based on new staging would be helpful. It is also important for clinicians and public health officials to bear this in-mind when interpreting epidemiologic data, for allocating resources, as shifts in staging may be a product of guideline changes, and not necessarily screening efficacy or early detection only.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals Multidimensional penalized splines for incidence and mortality-trend analyses and validation of national cancer-incidence estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1294-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoé Uhry ◽  
Edouard Chatignoux ◽  
Emmanuelle Dantony ◽  
Marc Colonna ◽  
Laurent Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Penalized Splines ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Testis Cancer ◽  
Mortality Trend ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Trend Analyses ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Cancer-incidence and mortality-trend analyses require appropriate statistical modelling. In countries without a nationwide cancer registry, an additional issue is estimating national incidence from local-registry data. The objectives of this study were to (i) promote the use of multidimensional penalized splines (MPS) for trend analyses; (ii) estimate the national cancer-incidence trends, using MPS, from only local-registry data; and (iii) propose a validation process of these estimates. Methods We used an MPS model of age and year for trend analyses in France over 1990–2015 with a projection up to 2018. Validation was performed for 22 cancer sites and relied essentially on comparison with reference estimates that used the incidence/health-care ratio over the period 2011–2015. Alternative estimates that used the incidence/mortality ratio were also used to validate the trends. Results In the validation assessment, the relative differences of the incidence estimates (2011–2015) with the reference estimates were &lt;5% except for testis cancer in men and &lt; 7% except for larynx cancer in women. Trends could be correctly derived since 1990 despite incomplete histories in some registries. The proposed method was applied to estimate the incidence and mortality trends of female lung cancer and prostate cancer in France. Conclusions The validation process confirmed the validity of the national French estimates; it may be applied in other countries to help in choosing the most appropriate national estimation method according to country-specific contexts. MPS form a powerful statistical tool for trend analyses; they allow trends to vary smoothly with age and are suitable for modelling simple as well as complex trends thanks to penalization. Detailed trend analyses of lung and prostate cancers illustrated the suitability of MPS and the epidemiological interest of such analyses.

scholarly journals Trends in cancer incidence in Uruguay:2002 - 2015

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Garau ◽  
Carina Musetti ◽  
Rafael Alonso ◽  
Enrique Barrios
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
National Cancer Registry ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Life Style Changes

Background: Uruguay is the southamerican country which has the highest cancer incidence and mortality rates. The National Cancer Registry collects data on cancer cases nationwide since 1989 and has reached high quality standards in the last decades. This is the first report on incidence trends. Methods: Data from the National Cancer Registry of all new cases of invasive cancer from twelve sites diagnosed in 2002-2015 was analyzed. Age-standardized rates were calculated. Trends of incidence rates were analyzed using joinpoint regression models. Results For both, men and women, incidence rates trends for all cancer sites, colo-rectal and bladder cancer remained stable. Esophageal and gastric cancers descend while Thyroid and kidney cancer incidence increased. In men lung cancer decreased; testicular cancer increased, and prostate cancer increased at the beginning of the period and decreased in the final years. In women; lung cancer increased, breast cancer remained stable and cervical cancer presented a significant decline from 2005 to 2010 and reached a plateau since then. Conclusion: Cancer incidence dynamics are complex and affected not only by Public Health policies such as tobacco control, vaccination and screening programs, but also by environmental and life style changes and the attitude of the medical community towards the application of diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The aim of this paper is to analyze cancer incidence time trends in the country and provide possible explanations to them.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Iran Using Joinpoint Regression Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gohar Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari ◽  
Yadollah Mehrabi ◽  
Ali Ghanbari Motlagh ◽  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

scholarly journals LUNG CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY IN THE KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS OKRUG – YUGRA

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
A. A. Mordovskii ◽  
A. A. Aksarin ◽  
A. M. Parsadanyan ◽  
M. D. Ter-Ovanesov ◽  
P. P. Troyan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous

The aim of the study was to assess the lung cancer incidence and mortality in the Khanty-mansi autonomous okrug – Yugra during the period 1999–2019.Material and methods. We have studied the lung cancer incidence and mortality rates in Yugra over the last 21 years (1999–2019).Results. In Yugra, the lung cancer (lc) incidence rates increased by 24.7 % from 1999 to 2019, demonstrating higher rates than those in the Russian Federation (RF), where lc incidence rates decreased by 20.3 %. In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate was 30.5 per 100,000 (22.7 for RF); the age-standardized mortality rate was 16.4 per 100,000 (18.4 for RF). The mortality rate from lc in Yugra was 9.6 times higher in males than in females (35.5 vs. 3.7 per 100,000). The cross-correlation analysis revealed a correlation between the lc incidence/mortality and air pollution in Yugra. The main carcinogens in Yugra were formaldehyde, phenol, nitrogen dioxide, and benzapyrene. The assessment of the relationship between the age-standardized lc incidence/mortality rates and the amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere revealed that their synergistic effects with tobacco smoking can double the risk of lung cancer development. The increase in the number of chest computed tomography (ct) scans performed in the context of the pandemic caused by covid-19 infection led to an 18 % increase in the number of incidentally detected pulmonary nodules, of which 9 % of cases were diagnosed as lc.Conclusion. The lc incidence rates in Yugra tended to increase. The high rate of lc incidence is caused by man-made and natural factors, which requires the implementation of a screening program with the use of low-dose computed tomography in order to improve the early detection and prevention of this disease.

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